logging in or signing up Diving Emergencies aSGuest1024 Download Post to : URL : Related Presentations : Share Add to Flag Embed Email Send to Blogs and Networks Add to Channel Uploaded from authorPOINT lite Insert YouTube videos in PowerPont slides with aS Desktop Copy embed code: (To copy code, click on the text box) Embed: URL: Thumbnail: WordPress Embed Customize Embed The presentation is successfully added In Your Favorites. Views: 942 Category: Science & Tech.. License: All Rights Reserved Like it (1) Dislike it (0) Added: October 15, 2008 This Presentation is Public Favorites: 2 Presentation Description No description available. Comments Posting comment... Premium member Presentation Transcript Diving Emergencies : Diving Emergencies Pressure Laws : Pressure Laws Boyle’s law: PV=K As pressure , volume As pressure , volume Dalton’s law: Pt = P02 + PN2 + Px Total pressure of gas mixture is sum of partial pressures of its components Henry’s law: Pressure of a gas in liquid is proportional to its pressure in the atmosphere Barotrauma : Barotrauma Injury caused by compression or expansion of gas in body spaces Barotrauma : Barotrauma Ear squeeze Sinus squeeze Lung trauma (pulmonary overpressure) Arterial air embolism Ear Squeeze : Ear Squeeze Pressure does not equalize in middle ear through Eustachian tube Common when diving with URI Severe pain Potential for ear drum rupture Water enters middle ear; vertigo/incapacitation Sinus Squeeze : Sinus Squeeze Pressure does not equalize in frontal or maxillary sinus Common when diving with URI Severe pain Lung Trauma : Lung Trauma Pulmonary Overpressure Syndrome (POPS) Breath-holding during ascent Compressed air in lungs expands Lung tissue ruptures, resulting in: Pneumothorax/tension pneumothorax Pneumomediastinum Subcutaneous emphysema Arterial air embolism Lung Trauma : Lung Trauma May occur in shallow depths Signs/Symptoms Respiratory distress Substernal chest pain Diminished breath sounds Treatment Rest Oxygen Treat pneumothorax Arterial Air Embolism : Arterial Air Embolism Caused by breath-holding during ascent Lung tissue tears/air enters pulmonary circulation Air enters left heart, is pumped to systemic circulation Air bubbles enter, clog cerebral circulation Arterial Air Embolism : Arterial Air Embolism Rapid onset of: Alterations in consciousness—usually within 10 minutes Hemiplegia Unequal pupils Cardiopulmonary failure Vertigo Visual disturbances Arterial Air Embolism : Arterial Air Embolism Management ABC’s 100% oxygen, assist ventilations as needed Supine (Left side 300 head down) IV with NS, LR Transport to decompression chamber Steroids on medical control orders Decompression Sickness : Decompression Sickness Decompression Sickness : Decompression Sickness Diver breathes compressed air Nitrogen dissolves in blood Diver does not surface at correct rate to allow nitrogen to escape from blood Nitrogen bubbles form in tissue, small blood vessels Occludes circulation in small vessels Decompression Sickness : Decompression Sickness Cutaneous bends Itching Mottled rash Decompression Sickness : Decompression Sickness Musculoskeletal DCS (“Bends”) “Dull ache” in muscles/joints Movement worsens pain Fatigue Inflating BP cuff over area relieves pain Decompression Sickness : Decompression Sickness Central nervous system DCS Brain involvement CVA like symptoms Paresthesias “Staggers” Spinal cord involvement Paralysis Decompression Sickness : Decompression Sickness Pulmonary DCS --“Chokes” Chest pain Cough Dyspnea Pulmonary edema DCS Management : DCS Management ABC’s 100% Oxygen IV with LR Lateral recumbent position if air embolism suspected Transport to recompression chamber Steroids on Medical Control orders Nitrogen Narcosis : Nitrogen Narcosis “Rapture of the Deep” Pressurized nitrogen toxic effects on CNS Anesthetic effect due to lipid solubility of N2 Result is intoxication Other injury may result from impaired judgment Affects most divers to some degree Usually on dives 70-100 feet Nitrogen Narcosis : Nitrogen Narcosis Signs and Symptoms Euphoria Confusion Disorientation Slowed motor response Treatment Surfacing corrects problem Consider possibility of CO toxicity Diving Incident Assessment : Diving Incident Assessment When was last dive? How many dives that day? What depths? Did diver ascend quickly? Why? Did diver make decompression stops during ascent? Symptoms? Onset of symptoms? Diver’s appearance immediately after dive? Diver’s Alert Network : Diver’s Alert Network (919) 684-8111 (emergency) www.diversalertnetwork.org (919) 684-2948 (non-emergency) You do not have the permission to view this presentation. In order to view it, please contact the author of the presentation.
Diving Emergencies aSGuest1024 Download Post to : URL : Related Presentations : Share Add to Flag Embed Email Send to Blogs and Networks Add to Channel Uploaded from authorPOINT lite Insert YouTube videos in PowerPont slides with aS Desktop Copy embed code: (To copy code, click on the text box) Embed: URL: Thumbnail: WordPress Embed Customize Embed The presentation is successfully added In Your Favorites. Views: 942 Category: Science & Tech.. License: All Rights Reserved Like it (1) Dislike it (0) Added: October 15, 2008 This Presentation is Public Favorites: 2 Presentation Description No description available. Comments Posting comment... Premium member Presentation Transcript Diving Emergencies : Diving Emergencies Pressure Laws : Pressure Laws Boyle’s law: PV=K As pressure , volume As pressure , volume Dalton’s law: Pt = P02 + PN2 + Px Total pressure of gas mixture is sum of partial pressures of its components Henry’s law: Pressure of a gas in liquid is proportional to its pressure in the atmosphere Barotrauma : Barotrauma Injury caused by compression or expansion of gas in body spaces Barotrauma : Barotrauma Ear squeeze Sinus squeeze Lung trauma (pulmonary overpressure) Arterial air embolism Ear Squeeze : Ear Squeeze Pressure does not equalize in middle ear through Eustachian tube Common when diving with URI Severe pain Potential for ear drum rupture Water enters middle ear; vertigo/incapacitation Sinus Squeeze : Sinus Squeeze Pressure does not equalize in frontal or maxillary sinus Common when diving with URI Severe pain Lung Trauma : Lung Trauma Pulmonary Overpressure Syndrome (POPS) Breath-holding during ascent Compressed air in lungs expands Lung tissue ruptures, resulting in: Pneumothorax/tension pneumothorax Pneumomediastinum Subcutaneous emphysema Arterial air embolism Lung Trauma : Lung Trauma May occur in shallow depths Signs/Symptoms Respiratory distress Substernal chest pain Diminished breath sounds Treatment Rest Oxygen Treat pneumothorax Arterial Air Embolism : Arterial Air Embolism Caused by breath-holding during ascent Lung tissue tears/air enters pulmonary circulation Air enters left heart, is pumped to systemic circulation Air bubbles enter, clog cerebral circulation Arterial Air Embolism : Arterial Air Embolism Rapid onset of: Alterations in consciousness—usually within 10 minutes Hemiplegia Unequal pupils Cardiopulmonary failure Vertigo Visual disturbances Arterial Air Embolism : Arterial Air Embolism Management ABC’s 100% oxygen, assist ventilations as needed Supine (Left side 300 head down) IV with NS, LR Transport to decompression chamber Steroids on medical control orders Decompression Sickness : Decompression Sickness Decompression Sickness : Decompression Sickness Diver breathes compressed air Nitrogen dissolves in blood Diver does not surface at correct rate to allow nitrogen to escape from blood Nitrogen bubbles form in tissue, small blood vessels Occludes circulation in small vessels Decompression Sickness : Decompression Sickness Cutaneous bends Itching Mottled rash Decompression Sickness : Decompression Sickness Musculoskeletal DCS (“Bends”) “Dull ache” in muscles/joints Movement worsens pain Fatigue Inflating BP cuff over area relieves pain Decompression Sickness : Decompression Sickness Central nervous system DCS Brain involvement CVA like symptoms Paresthesias “Staggers” Spinal cord involvement Paralysis Decompression Sickness : Decompression Sickness Pulmonary DCS --“Chokes” Chest pain Cough Dyspnea Pulmonary edema DCS Management : DCS Management ABC’s 100% Oxygen IV with LR Lateral recumbent position if air embolism suspected Transport to recompression chamber Steroids on Medical Control orders Nitrogen Narcosis : Nitrogen Narcosis “Rapture of the Deep” Pressurized nitrogen toxic effects on CNS Anesthetic effect due to lipid solubility of N2 Result is intoxication Other injury may result from impaired judgment Affects most divers to some degree Usually on dives 70-100 feet Nitrogen Narcosis : Nitrogen Narcosis Signs and Symptoms Euphoria Confusion Disorientation Slowed motor response Treatment Surfacing corrects problem Consider possibility of CO toxicity Diving Incident Assessment : Diving Incident Assessment When was last dive? How many dives that day? What depths? Did diver ascend quickly? Why? Did diver make decompression stops during ascent? Symptoms? Onset of symptoms? Diver’s appearance immediately after dive? Diver’s Alert Network : Diver’s Alert Network (919) 684-8111 (emergency) www.diversalertnetwork.org (919) 684-2948 (non-emergency)