Antoine Lavoisier

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Antoine Lavoisier

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Welcome

General History and Childhood:

General History and Childhood Lavoisier was born on August 26,1743.He was son of a very successful lawyer. His mother Emilie was the daughter of a wealthy public prosecutor. After the early death of his mother, Lavoisier was brought up by a maiden aunt. He had a very happy childhood.

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He joined College Mazarin in 1754 , where he studied math, astronomy, chemistry and botany. He received an outstanding education in language, literature, science and math. He was expected to follow in his fathers path and even obtained his license to practice law in 1764 before turning to a life of Science , mainly Geology. In 1768 he was elected into Royal Academy of Science for doing great works like writing and publishing a paper on how to improve the street lighting in Paris and some works on agriculture. Cont…….

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In 1771 he married Marie Paulze when she was 14. Her father was a colleague of Lavoisier in Farmers General. Marie Paulze’s mother was a niece of Abbe Terray , France’s Controller General of Finances and one of the most influential men of the French Kingdom. Anne was skilled artist, engraver and painter. Cont…….

Chemical Revolution and After :

Chemical Revolution and After Just before and during the French Revolution, another revolution was taking place between 1770-1790 known as the “Chemical Revolution” which marked the beginning of modern chemistry. Based on his own experiments and by interpreting the experimental results obtained by others, he worked out a theory of combustion. He also worked to prove that air is a mixture of two gases- oxygen and nitrogen as well as oxygen supports combustion. He demonstrated the role of oxygen in metal rusting, as well as its role in animal ad plant respiration.

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He also discovered that the inflammable air of Henry, which he termed as Hydrogen combined with Oxygen to produce a dew, as Joseph had reported, which appeared to be water. He also contributed to the plants for reform including the establishment of the metric system. He also published the first modern chemistry textbook. All this was possible as the result of Lavoisier’s scientific excellence and brilliant experimental abilities. Cont…….

His Role In French Revolution:

His Role In French Revolution During the French Revolution, Du Pont(a friend of Lavoisier) supported the constitutional monarchy and volunteered to help guard Louis XV1 when the people attacked the palace in 1792. He was arrested and was spared death at guillotine because of the descend of Robespierre. Du Pont sought a new life in the United States in 1799, because there “persecuted men can find safety and fortunes can be rebuilt .”

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Eleuhere Irenee (Du Pont’s Son) learned the newest methods of gunpowder manufacturing from Lavoisier and then opened a powder works near Wilmington in 1802. Some years ago Lavoisier had a clash with young Jean-Paul Marat(a scientist) because he rejected his science invention. Marat afterwards became a leading revolutionary and one of the French Revolution’s most extreme “professional common men”. An appeal to spare his life, so that he could continue his experiments was cut short by the Judge: “The Republic needs neither scientists nor chemists; the course of justice can not be delayed.” Cont…….

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Lavoisier was guillotined on 8 May in Paris. One and a Half years after Lavoisier’s death his private belongings were delivered to his wife with a brief note which said “To the window of Lavoisier, who was falsely convicted.” About a century after his death, a statue of Lavoisier was made in Paris. The statue was melted down during Second World War and has not been replaced. However, one of the main high schools in Paris and a street in the 8 th arrondissement are named after Lavoisier and the statues of him are found on the Hotel de Ville and on the Façade of the Cour Napoleon of the Louvre. Cont…….

Conclusion :

Conclusion With Lavoisier’s death in 1794, his part in the great revolution came to a conclusion, but progress did not end there. From the base laid by Lavoisier and various other Scientists, chemists in the 19 th century were able to build an even more accurate understanding of chemical elements, their nature, how they react with one another and what processes take place in those reactions. And because of his achievements and contributions, he is called “The Father Of Modern Chemistry.”

Bibliography:

Bibliography www.experiencefestival.com http://cti.itc.virginia.edu www.lavoisier.com.au

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The End Written By Rahul