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Edit Comment Close Premium member Presentation Transcript QUIZ #2 on….. , at 10:15!: QUIZ #2 on….. , at 10:15!Order Strongyloidea: Order StrongyloideaOrder OXYURIDA: Order OXYURIDA Pinworms of the large intestine Adult worms have long tapering tail Host-specific Enterobius is a human pinworm Cats and dogs do NOT have pinworms Horses: Oxyuris equiOxyuris equis: Oxyuris equis HORSES large, white, thick-bodied adultsSlide6: Life-cycle of Oxyuris equi: Adult female in large intestine, migrates to the anus and deposits eggs in a sticky fluid on perianal area Fluid dries and flakes off with eggs Infective L3 mature within the egg shell in 4-5 days; ingested by the horse Slide7: Life-cycle of Oxyuris equi: L3s in large intestine mature to adulthood Prepatent period ~ 5 months EGGS: single operculumSlide8: Pathogenesis/Clinical signs: 1. large numbers of adults/larvae colitis 2. eggs/sticky fluid perianal itching bare ‘tailhead’Slide9: Diagnosis: ‘scotch-tape’ pressed around perianal area; examine for operculated eggs Treatment: ivermectin or daily pyrantelOrder ASCARIDIDA (Ascarids): Order ASCARIDIDA (Ascarids) Adult worms are large! mouth surrounded by 3 fleshy lips Host-specific, relatively Toxocara canis in dogs Ascaris suum in pigs Parascaris in horses Baylisascaris in raccoonsOrder ASCARIDIDA (Ascarids): Order ASCARIDIDA (Ascarids) Eggs are thick-walled (highly resistant), distinctive, contain a single cell. Can persist in soil for years!Toxocara canis : Toxocara canis very common parasitic problem in dogs thick, white, large adult worms 50-180 mm long anterior end: cervical alae are expanded i.e. ‘arrowhead’ worms Life-cycle of T. canis: Life-cycle of T. canis Adult worms live in the small intestine Female worms produce a large number of eggs..… 1 cell develops into an infective larva within the egg shell in ~4 weeks ‘EGG’ is ingested Routes of infection: ADULT Dog: Routes of infection: ADULT Dog 1. Direct: Ingestion of infective egg containing L2 larva 2. Indirect: Ingestion of paratenic host which contains L2 larvaSlide18: LARVA ARREST “somatic migration” Development to adult “tracheal migration” 1. Direct: Ingestion of infective egg (L2 larva)Routes of infection: ADULT Dog: Routes of infection: ADULT Dog 2. Indirect: Ingestion of paratenic host which contains L2 larvaSlide20: Routes of infection: FETUS or Newborn Reactivation of arrested larvae TRANSUTERINE infection Transmammary infectionSlide21: Prepatent period: 3 - 5 weeks ..........takes longer if infection starts with ‘egg’ stage vs. in utero infection/ingestion of paratenic hostSlide22: Pathogenesis & Clinical Signs: Large worms: inflammation hypersensitivity reactions physical effects Gastroenteritis Abdominal pain, pot-bellied, poor coat Fetid, mucoid diarrhea Respiratory signs are rare Slide23: Diagnosis: Adult worms in vomitus or in feces Clinical signs Fecal * negative unless > 3-5 weeks*Treatment and control:: Treatment and control: many choices of drugs against adults and larvae within the intestines drugs less effective against arrested larvae deworm dam + newborn puppies...start at 2-3 weeks till 2 months old clean the environment wash hands thoroughly after handling use bleach to clean dispose of fecesZoonosis:: Zoonosis: visceral larva migrans migration of larvae in tissues Ocular larvae migrans, especially children granulomatous reaction to larvae in eyeToxocara cati: Toxocara cati small intestine of cats similar to T. canis but … prominent cervical alae transmammary transmission is important No transuterine transmission both tracheal and somatic migration occur .....PPP is ~ 8weeksT. cati: T. cati treatment of kittens from 6 weeks of age + Pyrantel, fenbendazole, ivermectin visceral larva migrans in humansToxascaris leonina: Toxascaris leonina small intestine of dogs and cats eggs oval, smooth Toxascaris leonina: Toxascaris leonina infection by ingestion of eggs or infected paratenic host PPP 8-10 weeks mild clinical signs no visceral larva migransBaylisascaris procyonis: Baylisascaris procyonis Raccoons; may infect dogs with migration of raccoons to urban areas Visceral larva migransParascaris equorum: Parascaris equorum small intestine of young horses < 2 yrs adult worms are large, thick-bodied Parascaris equorum: Parascaris equorum only ONE route of infection i.e. ingestion of infective eggSlide34: Egg containing infective larva (takes ~10-14 days) Larvae migrate to liver, lungs, coughed up and swallowed, returning to the small intestine 2-4 weeks after ingestion Prepatent period ~ 80 days Slide35: Pathogenesis: 1. Respiratory problems - congestion due to parasite antigens/allergy - migration of larvae 2. Intestine - catarrhal enteritis, obstruction, perforation Slide36: Clinical signs: diarrhea - odorous potbellied appearance rough hair coat *Suboptimal Growth* respiratory signs Slide37: Treatment & Control: clean environment - adult worms are very fecund, eggs are very resistant and sticky! mare: clean teats & udder deworm foal at 2 months, q 2 months till ~1 year of age If you suspect a heavy infection, do NOT use a potent drug at full dosage e.g. benzimidazole or ivermectin WHY? : If you suspect a heavy infection, do NOT use a potent drug at full dosage e.g. benzimidazole or ivermectin WHY? LARGE worms impaction, anaphylaxis So, use a mild drug + mineral oil : LARGE worms impaction, anaphylaxis So, use a mild drug + mineral oil Ascaris suum - PIGS: Ascaris suum - PIGS small intestine Eggs are thick shelled, rough, brownish, oval 1 female 200,000 eggs/dayLife-cycle of A. suum: Life-cycle of A. suum Only 1 route of infection: INGESTION of infective egg Larvae migrate, coughed up and swallowed back into the small intestine in 7-8 days p.i. Prepatent period ~ 60 daysSlide42: Pathogenesis: especially with repeated infections Lungs - hemorrhage, edema, eosinophils/cells Liver - focal fibrosis ‘milk spots’ Intestine - hypertrophy of muscle layer ( poor nutrient absorption) Slide43: Clinical signs: coughing =‘thumps’, rapid, shallow, audible expiration stunted growth diarrhea (prepatent infection)Slide44: Treatment & Control: clean environment - adult worms are very fecund, eggs are very resistant and sticky! deworm sows 2 weeks before farrowing & wash thoroughly most drugs work PYRANTEL kills newly hatched larvae use as feed additive Slide45: Heterakis gallinarum “CECAL WORM” cecum of chicken, turkeys, etc. bird is infected either by: ingesting nematode egg/larvae OR infected earthworm Nematode is relatively NON-pathogenic but.....Slide46: Heterakis gallinarum eggs & larvae carriers of a protozoa, Histomonas meleagridis severe ‘blackhead’ disease in turkeys (only; not in chickens) inflammation/necrosis of cecum & liver high mortality Slide47: To control ‘blackhead’ disease, must control Heterakis nematode infections: * deworm * clean up the environment * don’t house turkeys with chicken, or use areas that previously housed chickens You do not have the permission to view this presentation. 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ascarids Woofer Download Post to : URL : Related Presentations : Share Add to Flag Embed Email Send to Blogs and Networks Add to Channel Uploaded from authorPOINTLite Insert YouTube videos in PowerPont slides with aS Desktop Copy embed code: (To copy code, click on the text box) Embed: URL: Thumbnail: WordPress Embed Customize Embed The presentation is successfully added In Your Favorites. Views: 1729 Category: Entertainment License: All Rights Reserved Like it (1) Dislike it (0) Added: November 15, 2007 This Presentation is Public Favorites: 0 Presentation Description No description available. Comments Posting comment... By: D.4a (15 month(s) ago) please I want to download this power point Saving..... Post Reply Close Saving..... Edit Comment Close By: D.4a (15 month(s) ago) thanks 4 that ppt Saving..... Post Reply Close Saving..... Edit Comment Close Premium member Presentation Transcript QUIZ #2 on….. , at 10:15!: QUIZ #2 on….. , at 10:15!Order Strongyloidea: Order StrongyloideaOrder OXYURIDA: Order OXYURIDA Pinworms of the large intestine Adult worms have long tapering tail Host-specific Enterobius is a human pinworm Cats and dogs do NOT have pinworms Horses: Oxyuris equiOxyuris equis: Oxyuris equis HORSES large, white, thick-bodied adultsSlide6: Life-cycle of Oxyuris equi: Adult female in large intestine, migrates to the anus and deposits eggs in a sticky fluid on perianal area Fluid dries and flakes off with eggs Infective L3 mature within the egg shell in 4-5 days; ingested by the horse Slide7: Life-cycle of Oxyuris equi: L3s in large intestine mature to adulthood Prepatent period ~ 5 months EGGS: single operculumSlide8: Pathogenesis/Clinical signs: 1. large numbers of adults/larvae colitis 2. eggs/sticky fluid perianal itching bare ‘tailhead’Slide9: Diagnosis: ‘scotch-tape’ pressed around perianal area; examine for operculated eggs Treatment: ivermectin or daily pyrantelOrder ASCARIDIDA (Ascarids): Order ASCARIDIDA (Ascarids) Adult worms are large! mouth surrounded by 3 fleshy lips Host-specific, relatively Toxocara canis in dogs Ascaris suum in pigs Parascaris in horses Baylisascaris in raccoonsOrder ASCARIDIDA (Ascarids): Order ASCARIDIDA (Ascarids) Eggs are thick-walled (highly resistant), distinctive, contain a single cell. Can persist in soil for years!Toxocara canis : Toxocara canis very common parasitic problem in dogs thick, white, large adult worms 50-180 mm long anterior end: cervical alae are expanded i.e. ‘arrowhead’ worms Life-cycle of T. canis: Life-cycle of T. canis Adult worms live in the small intestine Female worms produce a large number of eggs..… 1 cell develops into an infective larva within the egg shell in ~4 weeks ‘EGG’ is ingested Routes of infection: ADULT Dog: Routes of infection: ADULT Dog 1. Direct: Ingestion of infective egg containing L2 larva 2. Indirect: Ingestion of paratenic host which contains L2 larvaSlide18: LARVA ARREST “somatic migration” Development to adult “tracheal migration” 1. Direct: Ingestion of infective egg (L2 larva)Routes of infection: ADULT Dog: Routes of infection: ADULT Dog 2. Indirect: Ingestion of paratenic host which contains L2 larvaSlide20: Routes of infection: FETUS or Newborn Reactivation of arrested larvae TRANSUTERINE infection Transmammary infectionSlide21: Prepatent period: 3 - 5 weeks ..........takes longer if infection starts with ‘egg’ stage vs. in utero infection/ingestion of paratenic hostSlide22: Pathogenesis & Clinical Signs: Large worms: inflammation hypersensitivity reactions physical effects Gastroenteritis Abdominal pain, pot-bellied, poor coat Fetid, mucoid diarrhea Respiratory signs are rare Slide23: Diagnosis: Adult worms in vomitus or in feces Clinical signs Fecal * negative unless > 3-5 weeks*Treatment and control:: Treatment and control: many choices of drugs against adults and larvae within the intestines drugs less effective against arrested larvae deworm dam + newborn puppies...start at 2-3 weeks till 2 months old clean the environment wash hands thoroughly after handling use bleach to clean dispose of fecesZoonosis:: Zoonosis: visceral larva migrans migration of larvae in tissues Ocular larvae migrans, especially children granulomatous reaction to larvae in eyeToxocara cati: Toxocara cati small intestine of cats similar to T. canis but … prominent cervical alae transmammary transmission is important No transuterine transmission both tracheal and somatic migration occur .....PPP is ~ 8weeksT. cati: T. cati treatment of kittens from 6 weeks of age + Pyrantel, fenbendazole, ivermectin visceral larva migrans in humansToxascaris leonina: Toxascaris leonina small intestine of dogs and cats eggs oval, smooth Toxascaris leonina: Toxascaris leonina infection by ingestion of eggs or infected paratenic host PPP 8-10 weeks mild clinical signs no visceral larva migransBaylisascaris procyonis: Baylisascaris procyonis Raccoons; may infect dogs with migration of raccoons to urban areas Visceral larva migransParascaris equorum: Parascaris equorum small intestine of young horses < 2 yrs adult worms are large, thick-bodied Parascaris equorum: Parascaris equorum only ONE route of infection i.e. ingestion of infective eggSlide34: Egg containing infective larva (takes ~10-14 days) Larvae migrate to liver, lungs, coughed up and swallowed, returning to the small intestine 2-4 weeks after ingestion Prepatent period ~ 80 days Slide35: Pathogenesis: 1. Respiratory problems - congestion due to parasite antigens/allergy - migration of larvae 2. Intestine - catarrhal enteritis, obstruction, perforation Slide36: Clinical signs: diarrhea - odorous potbellied appearance rough hair coat *Suboptimal Growth* respiratory signs Slide37: Treatment & Control: clean environment - adult worms are very fecund, eggs are very resistant and sticky! mare: clean teats & udder deworm foal at 2 months, q 2 months till ~1 year of age If you suspect a heavy infection, do NOT use a potent drug at full dosage e.g. benzimidazole or ivermectin WHY? : If you suspect a heavy infection, do NOT use a potent drug at full dosage e.g. benzimidazole or ivermectin WHY? LARGE worms impaction, anaphylaxis So, use a mild drug + mineral oil : LARGE worms impaction, anaphylaxis So, use a mild drug + mineral oil Ascaris suum - PIGS: Ascaris suum - PIGS small intestine Eggs are thick shelled, rough, brownish, oval 1 female 200,000 eggs/dayLife-cycle of A. suum: Life-cycle of A. suum Only 1 route of infection: INGESTION of infective egg Larvae migrate, coughed up and swallowed back into the small intestine in 7-8 days p.i. Prepatent period ~ 60 daysSlide42: Pathogenesis: especially with repeated infections Lungs - hemorrhage, edema, eosinophils/cells Liver - focal fibrosis ‘milk spots’ Intestine - hypertrophy of muscle layer ( poor nutrient absorption) Slide43: Clinical signs: coughing =‘thumps’, rapid, shallow, audible expiration stunted growth diarrhea (prepatent infection)Slide44: Treatment & Control: clean environment - adult worms are very fecund, eggs are very resistant and sticky! deworm sows 2 weeks before farrowing & wash thoroughly most drugs work PYRANTEL kills newly hatched larvae use as feed additive Slide45: Heterakis gallinarum “CECAL WORM” cecum of chicken, turkeys, etc. bird is infected either by: ingesting nematode egg/larvae OR infected earthworm Nematode is relatively NON-pathogenic but.....Slide46: Heterakis gallinarum eggs & larvae carriers of a protozoa, Histomonas meleagridis severe ‘blackhead’ disease in turkeys (only; not in chickens) inflammation/necrosis of cecum & liver high mortality Slide47: To control ‘blackhead’ disease, must control Heterakis nematode infections: * deworm * clean up the environment * don’t house turkeys with chicken, or use areas that previously housed chickens