Climate Change Yu South Centre

Linking Development and Climate Change PolicySide-Event“Development and Climate Change: Managing Risks, Realizing OpportunitiesRoom XXIII, Palais des NationsGeneva, Switzerland13 July 2007: 

Linking Development and Climate Change Policy Side-Event “Development and Climate Change: Managing Risks, Realizing Opportunities Room XXIII, Palais des Nations Geneva, Switzerland 13 July 2007 Vicente Paolo B. Yu III Global Governance for Development Programme South Centre Geneva, Switzerland All statements are personal to the presentor and do not necessarily reflect the official position of the South Centre or its Member States.

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Global Challenge: Addressing Global Imbalances

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Development Imbalance

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Development Imbalance

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Ecological Imbalance WWF, 2005

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Ecological Imbalance Tuvalu, low-tide and high-tide Switzerland’s Rhone Glacier Argentina’s Upsala Glacier

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Global Challenge: Addressing Global Inequity On One Planet Earth

Fundamental Questions: Development and Climate Change: 

Fundamental Questions: Development and Climate Change How can we, as a global community, achieve development and improve the lives of the poor, especially those in developing countries? What should the global economy and its policy architecture look like in order to create a supportive environment for development pathways that fit within the physical ecological limits of our planet? What should be the foundation principles for the global cooperation framework to address the linked challenges of development and climate change?

Linking Development and Climate Change Policy: 

Source: IPCC Linking Development and Climate Change Policy

Linking Development and Climate Change Policy: 

Linking Development and Climate Change Policy Trade Finance capital and investment Industrial & physical infrastructure Transpor-tation Migration Environment and natural resources Agriculture Energy Education National security Social welfare Disaster management and risk prevention Health Water Development policy Climate change policy Community empowerment

Linking Development and Climate Change Policy: 

Linking Development and Climate Change Policy Trade Finance capital and investment Industrial & physical infrastructure Transpor-tation Migration Environment and natural resources Agriculture Energy Education National security Social welfare Disaster management and risk prevention Health Water Development policy Climate change policy Community empowerment

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Global Approaches to Global Problems Using the UNFCCC framework as the foundation for multilateral approaches to climate change Ensuring coherence for sustainable development in the international economic and social policy architecture on trade, finance, debt, employment, development cooperation, health, humanitarian assistance National action also requires an enabling international policy framework to be fully effective

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Development and Climate Change Policy Framework Key Concepts I. Developed countries to operationalize the principle of common but differentiated responsibility in climate change by: effective GHG reductions from and going beyond Kyoto commitments (mitigation) to prevent global warming beyond 2C by 2050; and helping developing countries, especially SIDS and LDCs, cope with impacts of climate change through compensatory adaptation financing II. A supportive and enabling international economic policy architecture and framework for the sustainable development of developing countries as a global adaptation measure

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Keeping to 2C Warming by 2050: GHG Cuts Required An 80 percent global cut that will be required to have at least a 50-50 chance of limiting global warming to a maximum of 2C would mean that developed countries, responsible for most heat-trapping emissions from fossil fuels burnt by power plants, factories and cars, would have to cut their GHG emissions by about 95 percent below 2000 levels by 2050. To achieve this, urgent, annual reductions that ultimately hold the atmospheric concentration of greenhouse gases at less than 450ppm CO2e and then continue in order to reduce it to 400ppm CO2e within the next 50 years. IPCC, 2001

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Compensatory Adaptation Financing: Political Will and Funds Required At least $50 billion globally each year, and far more if global emissions are not cut rapidly Adaptation financing should come mostly from developed countries as new compensatory financing, not as additional aid or as a diversion from existing development financing Committed US$230 million to UNFCCC adaptation funds for developing countries US$48 million delivered to support LDC adaptation Multi-billion dollar investments for developed country adaptation Oxfam, 2007

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Providing room for the sustainable development of developing countries: A supportive and enabling international economic policy architecture Development policy space – industrial, trade, finance, and economic policy flexibility Common but differentiated responsibility – climate and environmental policy Addressing SIDS’ and LDCs’ development and climate concerns as an urgent global priority Multilateral cooperation on, inter alia, development financing, debt relief, humanitarian assistance, disaster and risk prevention and mitigation, and technology transfers Enhancing South-South cooperation and integration on development and climate change

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An integrated policy framework for development and climate change: Objectives - Meeting sustainable development - developing countries should be able to meet MDGs and other IADGs and substantially reduce poverty through low carbon development pathways which are appropriate to their capabilities, socio-economic conditions, and development needs and priorities - Atmospheric GHG stabilization - long-term stabilization of GHG concentrations should be achieved and the rate of global warming limited to maximum of 2C by 2050 Framework for global cooperation - global cooperation on development and climate change should be on the basis of equity framework – e.g. in trade, debt, finance, technology transfers, development assistance, compensatory adaptation financing, skills sharing, capacity-building, disaster prevention, etc. – to enhance the capacity of communities and countries, especially in SIDS and LDCs, likely to be most adversely affected or vulnerable to effectively respond or adapt to climate change

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An integrated policy framework for development and climate change: Some characteristics Domestic and global adaptation measures for climate change – focus on minimizing the risks and enhancing the opportunities for development, especially in developing countries and their poorest communities grass-roots and community-based approaches play an important role use sustainable practices – energy, agriculture, natural resource management, environmental protection, etc. – to reduce unsustainable consumption and production development of international policy frameworks for the equitable use and sharing of global public goods such as water and energy support for development of domestic demand- and supply-side capacity for climate-friendly (including renewable energy) goods, technologies and services, in both developed and developing countries facilitated transfers of climate-friendly technologies, goods and services to developing countries, with appropriate policy package for host developing countries to innovate on transferred technologies and make them more appropriate to local conditions provision of compensatory adaptation financing to developing countries, especially SIDS and LDCs enhanced debt relief for developing countries meeting commitments on development assistance trade policy to play a supporting role to enhance economic diversification of, supply-side capacity development in, and increased market access for developing countries enhanced South-South regional integration and cooperation

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An integrated policy framework for development and climate change: Final thoughts Addressing the twin challenges of development and climate change is about equity, not trade-offs: Correcting economic and ecological imbalances arising from recent historical experience - Present and future generations’ future is at stake Now is the time to act

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Thank You Vicente Paolo B. Yu III Programme Coordinator Global Governance for Development Programme South Centre Chemin du Champ d’Anier 17 1211 Geneva 19 Switzerland Tel.: (41)(22)791 8050 Fax: (41)(22)798 8531 Email: yu@southcentre.org Website: www.southcentre.org