OARS CRJ 2006

The Prison Gates Welcome You?: 

The Prison Gates Welcome You? Presented by Leigh Garrett B.Ed , Grad Dip OHSandamp;W M.B.A. CEO OARS SA andamp; The Centre for Restorative Justice

The Agenda: 

The Agenda The OARS SA Perspective OARS History The purpose of Prisons OARS SA Services Restorative Justice Questions

CRJ Development: 

CRJ Development The Centre for Restorative Justice is a Division of OARS SA and has been operating since 1997. It is a venture with key collaborators from the victims movement and government, with beliefs and ideals that hope to bring a balanced approach with respect to the rights and needs of offenders and victims.

CRJ Development: 

CRJ Development The genesis of the CRJ derived from significant community feeling that different approaches to justice were needed to ensure that the current system did not continue to generate damage and harm. This feeling focussed significantly on the issues facing victims of crime and their poor treatment by the criminal justice system.

OARS S.A.: 

OARS S.A. Vision Strengthening communities by reducing crime and its impact. Mission We are a non-government community organisation that values our clients and their diversity. We are dedicated to the provision of excellent services for people involved in, affected by, or at risk of being drawn into the criminal justice system. Restorative Justice Restorative Justice values underpin most of our work at OARS SA.

The First Probation Act 1887: 

The First Probation Act 1887 'The manufacture of gaol-birds is one of the processes which the majority of existing systems of justice and prison discipline carry out to the greatest perfection. The most numerous class of offenders are those that drift into evil courses simply because they have made one false move and it is easier to go on as they have begun than retrace their steps.' Maurice Salom, MLC 1887

OARS SA History: 

OARS SA History 120 years old P.A.A. to O.A.R.S. S.A. 1978 The Freshstart Era OARS SA Now

OARS SA Services: 

OARS SA Services Freshstart Accommodation and Support, WASS Case Management PSP General Counselling/Lifestyle Planning Financial Counselling/EFA POP andamp; COOP Personal Support Program Family Support/ Parent Support/Cadell Bus Prisoner Support Gambling Support Program

Men’s Accommodation Support: 

Men’s Accommodation Support Adult men Regional locations SAAP Post-release Home Detention Home Detention Bail

Accommodation Support for Women: 

Accommodation Support for Women WASS Adelaide Women’s Prison Relationship with Women’s Housing Lack of beds Housing Information and Referral Program

Case Management: 

Case Management DCS Grant Non-parolees Christies Beach Murray Bridge Emergency Assistance Financial Counselling

Partners Of Prisoners: 

Partners Of Prisoners HIV andamp; AIDS Communicable Disease Prevention Boom Gate YLP Family Support Card Deck Hep C Prevention ARC

Personal Support Program: 

Personal Support Program Pre Job Network Personal issues preventing employment Two year Program Places at Adelaide, Christies and Murray Bridge

Family Support: 

Family Support Parent Support Group General Care YLP Canteen Murray Bridge Branch Mobilong Canteen Cadell Bus

Drug & Alcohol Counselling: 

Drug andamp; Alcohol Counselling IDIP Federal Program Post-release Prisoners Drug Court Drug Trafficking Prevention Into Prisons Gambling Prevention Program

Restorative Justice: 

Restorative Justice Principles of Restorative Justice The relevance of RJ Centre for RJ development Practical Applications

Principles of RJ: 

Principles of RJ RESTORATIVE JUSTICE Is a range of processes that advocates that the people most effective at finding a solution to a problem are the people who are most directly impacted by the problem, creating opportunities, for those involved in a conflict to work together to understand, clarify resolve the incident and work together towards repairing the harm caused

Applications of RJ: 

Applications of RJ School Education Behaviour Development Courts both adult and juvenile Community Dispute Resoluiton Pre-release in Prison In-prison behaviour Community Courts or Dispute Centres Community Justice Centres

“Doing With……”: 

'Doing With……' Human Beings are happier, more productive and more likely to make positive changes in their behaviour when those in positions of authority do things WITH them, rather than TO them or FOR them. We maintain that the punitive and authoritarian TO mode andamp; the permissive and paternalistic FOR mode are not as effective as the restorative participatory engaging WITH mode.

Social Control Window: 

Social Control Window Support (encouragement, nurture) FIRMNESS Adapted from Watchtel/McCold from Glasser HIGH LOW FAIRNESS Control(limit setting, discipline) HIGH punitive restorative neglectful permissive TO WITH NOT FOR Authoritarian stigmatizing Authoritative Re-integrative

Slide21: 

Fair Process A Central Idea... ‘….individuals are most likely to trust and co-operate freely with systems - whether they themselves win or lose by those systems - when fair process is observed.’ Kim andamp; Mauborgne, Harvard Business Review, July – August 1997

RJ = Fair Process: 

RJ = Fair Process Restorative Justice is an approach which is relational and contextual, and exhibits in our view all of the essential components of fair process. Engagement Explanatory Expectation Clarity

Fair Process: 

Fair Process Engagement: Involving people in decisions that affect them, by asking for their input so they can tell their story. Kim andamp; Mauborgne, Harvard Business Review, July – August 1997 Principle 1

Fair Process: 

Fair Process Explanation : Everyone involved and affected should understand why final decisions are made as they are. Creates a powerful feedback loop that enhances learning. Principle 2

Fair Process: 

Fair Process Expectation Clarity: Once decisions are made, new rules are clearly stated, so that people understand the new standards and penalties/sanctions for failure to honour undertakings. Kim andamp; Mauborgne, Harvard Business Review, July – August 1997 Principle 3

Shame: 

Shame When shame is not dealt with appropriately, many possible negatives can occur. 'Shame usually is triggered by sudden awareness of something about the self that we didn’t want to know'….(Nathanson)'

Shame Matrix: 

Shame Matrix Eight Categories or Experiences which any of us will feel shame: Matters of personal size, strength, ability and skill. Dependence and independence - feel shame with a sense of helplessness. Competition - feeling good if one is a winner but shameful it one is a loser. Sense of self - 'I am unique only to the extent that I am defective.'

Shame Matrix: 

Shame Matrix 5. Personal attractiveness - ‘I feel I am ugly or deformed; the blush stains my features and makes me even more a target of contempt.’ 6. Sexuality - 'There is something wrong with me sexually.' 7. Issues of seeing and being seen - the urge to escape from the eyes before which we’ve been exposed, the wish for a hole to open up and swallow us. 8. Wishes and fears about closeness - the sense of being shorn from all humanity, a feeling that one is unlovable, the wish to be left alone forever.

Nathanson’s Compass Of Shame: 

Nathanson’s Compass Of Shame WITHDRAWAL AVOIDANCE ATTACK OTHERS ATTACK SELF

Polar responses to Shame: 

Polar responses to Shame WITHDRAWAL : isolating oneself; running and hiding. AVOIDANCE : denial; drugs and alcohol; work alcoholism. ATTACK OTHERS: lashing out verbally or physically; blaming others. ATTACK SELF: self put-down; masochism.

Consequences of Unresolved Shame: 

Consequences of Unresolved Shame The consequences of unresolved shame can be minor or catastrophic. Some shame gets resolved before it gets to the 'attack other' stage, and some will never get to that point. However many of the major catastrophic events in schools in the USA have shown evidence of progressions through the Compass of Shame to the attack other stage.

Precursors to Violence: 

Precursors to Violence Does not feel part of a Group. Does not have behaviours to deal with frustration. Is ashamed of Being ashamed. James Gilligan. 'Violence: Reflections on a National Epidemic (1997)'

Resilience: 

Resilience 'Research has shown that a school can contribute to a young persons resilience by providing an environment where there are caring relationships, high but achievable expectations and opportunities for participation and contribution' APAPDC national Schools Framework project Workbook 2004

Slide34: 

So…………………….. When adolescents feel cared for by people at their school and feel like part of their school, they are less likely to use substances, engage in violence or initiate sexual activity at an early age. Students who feel connected to school in this way also report higher levels of emotional well being. (McNeely, Nonnemaker and Blum 2002)

Emerging Criminal Justice Issues: 

Emerging Criminal Justice Issues The punitive response and victim power. The loss of rehabilitation services. Entrenched political and community attitudes. Action and responses not based on evidence. Housing Remand in custody andamp; prison overcrowidng.

The Prison Gate Closes Behind You: 

The Prison Gate Closes Behind You