363 3Explaining the Cold War

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By: jaadi (30 month(s) ago)

nice effort.

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Early Cold War*: 

Early Cold War* 1945: US makes a choice Global power role over regional power role Often described as a choice of internationalism over isolationism (incorrect analysis)

Consistency of US Cold War Policy: 

Consistency of US Cold War Policy 1945-1989: remarkable consistency* Defined by Truman* Anti-communism Containment Bipartisan consensus* Shaken by Viet Nam* Presidential leadership in foreign policy* Shaken by Viet Nam*

Explanations for the Cold War: 

Explanations for the Cold War Realist explanation Idealist/Liberal explanation Constructivist explanation Economic Analysis

1. Realist Explanation: 

1. Realist Explanation End of WW II only two powers survived Power creates rivalry Global struggle for supremacy The natural order of international relations

2. Idealist/Liberal Explanation I: 

2. Idealist/Liberal Explanation I Communism vs. Liberal-Democracy Two systems that cannot co-exist Struggle to remake the world High stakes the fate of political systems throughout the world political, economic, religious freedoms

Idealist/Liberal Explanation II: 

Idealist/Liberal Explanation II Communism Basics: The Theory Marx-Engels: Exploitation Revolution Communism Lenin Communist society Egalitarianism Public property

Idealist/Liberal Explanation III: 

Idealist/Liberal Explanation III Communism: The Reality Lenin, Stalin, Mao Zedong Command Economics Government control, no freedoms Political Dictatorships 30 million killed in USSR 50-75 million killed in China North Korea today

Idealist/Liberal Explanation IV: 

Idealist/Liberal Explanation IV Liberal Democracy Economic freedoms Political freedoms Religious freedoms Ability to reshape political systems Elections Social justice (civil rights)

Idealist/Liberal Explanation V: 

Idealist/Liberal Explanation V Liberal-Democracies feared a world dominated by Communism A new kind of revolutionary fascism A very clear understanding of the stakes if USSR won the Cold War

3. Constructivist Explanation: 

3. Constructivist Explanation US and USSR have political identities Foreign policies defined by history and culture Russian insecurity Need for buffers American exceptionalism Mission to remake the world in its image

4. Economic Analysis I: 

4. Economic Analysis I Communism vs. Liberal Democracy Basic premises of US economic ideas and capitalist system challenged by Communism Private property Economic freedoms Free trade

Economic Analysis II: 

Economic Analysis II Variations on the theme Economic Imperialism Spreading Free Markets

Economic Analysis III: 

Economic Analysis III Economic Imperialism The search for cheap land and labor Markets to exploit Iran, Guatemala, Chile

Economic Analysis IV: 

Economic Analysis IV Spreading Free Markets Belief that economic freedoms preserve political and social freedoms Minimal government intervention in economic life prevents government from using its economic power to curtail political freedoms Economic freedom and innovation, growth, prosperity

What Explains US Foreign Policy?: 

What Explains US Foreign Policy? A debate that will never be settled Contradictions in US Foreign Policy Spreading Democracy, yet friends with anti-communist fascists Overthrowing democratically elected regimes Friendship with China since 1971