Internet/Broadband-an overview: Internet/Broadband-an overview Faculty of RTTC Jaipur


Brief History of the Internet: Brief History of the Internet 1968 - DARPA (Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency) contracts with BBN (Bolt, Beranek & Newman) to create ARPAnet 1970 - First five nodes: UCLA Stanford UC Santa Barbara U of Utah, and BBN 1974 - TCP specification by Vint Cerf 1984 – On January 1, the Internet with its 1000 hosts converts en masse to using TCP/IP for its messaging


Evolution of the Internet: Evolution of the Internet 1945 1995 Memex Conceived 1945 WWW Created 1989 Mosaic Created 1993 A Mathematical Theory of Communication 1948 Packet Switching Invented 1964 Silicon Chip 1958 First Vast Computer Network Envisioned 1962 ARPANET 1969 TCP/IP Created 1972 Internet Named and Goes TCP/IP 1984 Hypertext Invented 1965 Age of eCommerce Begins 1995


Internet Growth Trends: Internet Growth Trends 1977: 111 hosts on Internet 1981: 213 hosts 1983: 562 hosts 1984: 1,000 hosts 1986: 5,000 hosts 1987: 10,000 hosts 1989: 100,000 hosts 1992: 1,000,000 hosts 2001: 150 – 175 million hosts 2002: over 200 million hosts By 2010, about 80% of the planet will be on the Internet


Slide5: Sept. 1, 2002 Dot-Com Bust Begins


Internet Users-Region Wise: Internet Users-Region Wise


Growth Rate % (2000-2004): Growth Rate % (2000-2004)


Internet Access-World Share: Internet Access-World Share


Internet Penetration %: Internet Penetration %


Internet (Penetration% - Asia%): Internet (Penetration% - Asia%)


Internet Users-2000 & 2004: Internet Users-2000 & 2004


Growth Rate % (2000-2004): Growth Rate % (2000-2004)


Broadband Policy-2004: Broadband Policy-2004 Broadband connectivity as defined in Broadband policy-2004 is an “always on” data connection that is able to support interactive services including Internet access and has the capability of minimum download speed of 256 kbps to an individual subscriber from the POP of the service provider


Broadband Policy-2004 : Broadband Policy-2004 Salient Features: De-licensing of 2.40-2.48 Ghz band for outdoor low output Enabling VSAT operators to transmit data up to 2 Mbps (At present 512 Kbps in CUG domestic network) Allowing DTH operators to give one way Internet facility. For bi-directional VSAT license will be required. BSNL & MTNL to utilise copper and allowing them to enter into arrangement with private players to utilise copper and content creation


Broadband Services: Broadband Services High speed Internet Access Video-on-Demand Interactive Games Share market dealing & personal banking News, travel & leisure information Music/Movie Download Chatrooms & newsgroups


Broadband Services: Broadband Services E-mail & instant messaging Personal websites and online magazines Educational materials & research resources Tele-medicine Work at home Internet radio & webcast concerts


Broadband Users: Broadband Users There are about 100 million Broadband subscriber worldwide and are increasing by about 2,00,000 every month Asia Pacific – 45% USA – 30% Europe, Middle East & Africa – 25%


Broadband Penetration %: Broadband Penetration %


Internet v Broadband Sub’s in India: Internet v Broadband Sub’s in India


Broadband Technologies: Broadband Technologies


Wireless LAN Standards: Wireless LAN Standards


Broadband Wireless Technologies: Broadband Wireless Technologies 3G Mobile Based on WCDMA & CDMA Supports data rates 144 kbps for outdoor mobile environment 384 kbps in low mobility environment 2 mbps in indoor environment Wi-Fi (Wireless Fidelity) Wireless LAN with Broadband option Most widely used LAN standard (IEEE 802.11b) Uses 2.4 Ghz band & delivers 11 mbps of data over distances of 100 meters


Broadband Wireless Technologies: Broadband Wireless Technologies WiMAX-Worldwide interoperability for Microwave Access IEEE 802.16 standard defines the Wireless MAN air interface specification Complements Wi-Fi by providing wireless broadband backhaul to 802.11 hotspots and last mile Service area range of 50 kms Provides shared data rates up to 70 mbps in 2-11 Ghz band


Broadband Wireless Technologies: Broadband Wireless Technologies LMDS & MMDS Provides point-to-multipoint two way broadband service LMDS-Local Multipoint Distribution System Operates in various bands such as 10.5 Ghz (8 kms) and 26 & 28 Ghz (3 kms) Provides various interfaces at user end like E1, 4xE1, 10/100 BaseT Ethernet etc. MMDS-Multichannel Multipoint Distribution System Operates in 2-3 Ghz (20-40 kms radius) Provides high speed data rates upto 10 Mbps


Broadband Wireless Technologies: Broadband Wireless Technologies FSO (Free Space Optics) Also known as FSP (Free Space Photonics) or Optical wireless Enables optical transmission of data through open space at near infrared wavelengths (Tera Hz) Offers 10 Mbps-2 Gbps over few kilometers


Broadband Wireless Technologies: Broadband Wireless Technologies Satellite Uses VSAT (very Small Aperture Terminals) & DTH (Direct To Home) terminals C, Ku & Ka bands are used for services involving fixed terminals L band is used for mobile services Offers data rates 9.6 Kbps for a handheld terminal and 60 Mbps for a fixed VSAT terminal Future will support up to 155 Mbps


Broadband Wireline Technologies: Broadband Wireline Technologies DSL-Digital Subscriber line Technology for high bandwidth to home and small businesses over ordinary copper telephone lines Achievable data rate depends on the distance and cable impairments


DSL Technologies: DSL Technologies


Broadband Wireline Technologies: Broadband Wireline Technologies Cable Modem Allows high speed access to the Internet via a cable television network Uses cable modem technology through the use of Set-Top-Box at the customer premises


Broadband Wireline Technologies: Broadband Wireline Technologies Optical Fibre Technologies Optical fibre with its unmatched capacity to carry enormous amount of information over unlimited distances can be deployed for broadband access in: PON (Passive Optical Network) FTTH (Fibre-To-The-Home) FTTC (Fibre-To-The-Curb) HFC (Hybrid Fibre Co-axial)


Broadband Wireline Technologies: Broadband Wireline Technologies PLC-Power Line Communication Also referred as BPL (Broadband over Power Lines) Can provide broadband Internet access through ordinary power lines Most extensive networks in the world, surpassing the phone network as well as the cable network in size and coverage Suffers from technological challenges due to interference with noise, radio and television etc.