Inspection in Japan

Environmental Inspection in Japan: 

Environmental Inspection in Japan -Case Study of Cement Production Factory and Mine-　 Michiko TSUBUKU Science and Technology Promotion Unit, Policy Planning and Developing Division, Kanagawa Prefectural Government, Japan 　

Summary of Kanagawa Prefecture: 

Summary of Kanagawa Prefecture Japan is divided 47 prefectures Kanagawa prefecture Land Area 2,415 km2 Population 8.7 million (as of 2003) No. of factories 14,082 (as of 2001)

Scope and items of inspection: 

Scope and items of inspection Scope of onsite inspection Onsite inspection is carried out to the extent necessary to execute the law/ordinance. Items to be inspected in factories/business establishment Specified facilities and related facilities. Treatment facilities of wastewater, polluted gas, etc. and related facilities. Material used in specified facilities. Soil and ground water Waste Related documents and books Obtaining samples for emission gas, effluent water, waste, soil, etc.

Types of onsite inspection: 

Types of onsite inspection 1 Onsite inspection related to examination Inspection to check/confirm items related to an application for permission or notification 2 Regular Onsite inspection Periodical inspection of compliance with the standards based on law/ordinance 3 Onsite inspection as needed 3-1 Onsite inspection related to administrative penalty, etc. Inspection to check remedial actions 3-2 Onsite inspection related to complaints, accidents etc. Inspection carried out to respond to complaints or reports of accidents 4 Onsite inspection related to inspection tour or guidance Routine –run surveillance

Structure of onsite inspection in Kanagawa prefecture: 

Structure of onsite inspection in Kanagawa prefecture Factories/business places Inspection guidance Annual 　 　implementation 　plan Reporting the 　 　result

Flow of onsite inspection: 

Flow of onsite inspection 1 Making onsite inspection plan 　Making annual implementation plan based on the onsite inspection standards, considering types of facilities, past records of advice, result of effluents/emission gas measurement, handling of hazardous substances, discharging area 2 Preparation for inspection Checking pollution sources and pollutants, treatment facilities, drainage/emission ways and outlets, hazardous substances etc,. ( Reference: the notification forms, records of past measurement date and records of past guidance) Preparing sampling tools and materials (sampling vessel, portable pH-meter, etc.) 3 Inspection at site Examination of documents (Checking the results of voluntary measurement, operation and maintenance record, documents related to fuel and materials, etc. ) Site inspection (Checking the facilities which discharges polluted water/air and treatment facilities, Obtaining samples) Giving guidance if there is a change in the notified items. Giving guidance on compliance with the standards. 4 After inspection Making report of the inspection and enter the result in the register. Measuring the samples and checking the result. Checking/conforming the improvement or collective measures by guidance.

Onsite inspection standards: 

Onsite inspection standards Water Factories/ businesses handling hazardous substances (limited to discharging pubic water areas) Once a year All effluent standard items for protecting human health Factories/ businesses handling hazardous chemical substances other than above Once every 3 years Factories/ businesses discharging more than 50Nm3/d of efflunent Once every 3 years pH value, BOD, COD, SS, e-coli Waste Waste incinerator Once every year Hg, Cd, Pb, CrⅥ, As, CN, org-P in dust Landfill Once every year All effluent standard items in infiltrating water Other waste treatment facilities Once every 3-5 years Factories/businesses discharging wastes more than1000t (in case of hazardous wastes more than 50t) properly Air Soot and smoke emitting facility Facility emitting hazardous substances contaminated dust Asbestos discharging facility Once every year Dioxins in emission gas (incinerator, if it needed)

Flow of onsite inspection: 

Flow of onsite inspection Advance preparation (check with notification forms, etc) Step into the factory Examination of documents, etc. Site inspection Creating report Advice/order Another advice confirming improvement measure *Contact information of the factory (address, tell, name of person in charge) *Specified facilities, regulation standards *Treatment facilities, area drainage/gas discharged *Record of past guidance and improvement *Preparing sampling tools, portable meter *Explain the purpose of the inspection *Interview investigation of operation flow and sates of specified facilities and treatment facilities. *Check the voluntary measurement result (emission gas, effluent water, noise, frequency, etc.) , operation and maintenance records of facilities, documents related to fuel/material quality and comsumption, etc., ) , systems of measure at the accident, records of employees education for pollution/labor safety, etc. *Check the condition of specified facilities, treatment facilities, monitoring devices *Check the measure to prevent hazardous substances from seeping/scattering/overflowing. *Examine (simplified measuring methods) and obtain sample (effluent, emission gas, waste, fuel) *Making the report the inspection and enter the result in the register. *Request for analysis of the sampling. If there is any violation, give another advice/order. *Follow-up the advice/order by receiving the plan and confirming the improvement measure.

Result of environmental inspection in Kanagawa prefecture (FY2005): 

Result of environmental inspection in Kanagawa prefecture (FY2005)

Summary of cement production factory in Kawasaki: 

Summary of cement production factory in Kawasaki Place: kawasaki city, kanagawa Site aria: 103,161m2 No. of employees: 95 Production capacity: approx. 2000,000t/y

Flow sheet of cement production process: 

Flow sheet of cement production process Material process Firing process Finishing process Roller mill Finishing mill Kiln Suspension pre-heater Cooler Drying furnace Gas treatment facility crusher Gas treatment facility Material

Pollution sources in cement production factory: 

Pollution sources in cement production factory Air Kiln, Drying furnace Dust Crusher, Mill, Screen, Stock yard, Conveyer belt/bucket Water Cleansing facility/ wet dust collecting facility related to Kiln, Drying furnace Noise/Vibration Crusher, Mill, Screen, Conveyer belt/bucket, compressor

Soot and smoke emitting facility and pollution substances : 

Soot and smoke emitting facility and pollution substances SOx NOx CO2 Dioxins, HCl Dust De-carbonation of limestone, combustion of fuel combustion of S in fuel Combustion ( N2 in air) combustion of fuel and minerals, materials combustion of fuel (plastic) and minerals in materials NH3 solution(25%)

Examination of documents: 

Examination of documents １ Factory information and production flow No. of employees, capital, presidents, person in charge of pollution control Current state of operation (products, production, operation flow, materials, material consumption) 2 Specified facilities and treatment facility Sort of facility , setup date, power/capacity, etc. Time of operation per day Maintenance of treatment facility. Handling of hazardous substances and consumption of them. 3 Voluntary measurement result of emission gas, effluent water, noise, vibration, etc. Values (compared with the regulation standards), frequencies (stipulated in law/ordinance), measurement methods, name of measurement company 4 Other Management system of factory operation, system for accidents, education records of employment for pollution control/labor safety

Air pollution items and frequencies of voluntary measurement: 

Air pollution items and frequencies of voluntary measurement Any soot and smoke emitting person shall measure and keep record of the volume and density of the soot and smoke generated by his soot and smoke emitting facility.

Inspection for soot and smoke emitting facility: 

Inspection for soot and smoke emitting facility Check the current condition of the specified facilities and treatment facilities along the flow of treatment process or manufacturing process in comparison with the content of notification. Check duct from the pollution discharging facility to the outlet where there is leak or mis-connection. Check gauge panels and meters (thermometer, NOx/Sox/O2/CO conc. meter, gas flow volume meter, dust meter, current meter, etc.) Sampling emission gas at the place which there is stable gas flow and no branch behind.

Inspection for facility generating general dust : 

Inspection for facility generating general dust Check facilities meeting the standard regarding to structure, use and administration of facilities. Standard of structure *Installation of a dust collector, *Installation of a dust protection cover or a food, *Installation of water spray

Example of Check sheet ( for Soot and smoke facility): 

Example of Check sheet ( for Soot and smoke facility)

Mine (Open pit, waste/sludge dump): 

Mine (Open pit, waste/sludge dump)

Drainage generated at mine: 

Drainage generated at mine facility Drainage Facility drainage Mine drainage Infiltrating water

Mine drainage and counter measures: 

Mine drainage and counter measures Characteristic of drainage Metal mine Suspended solids *Preventing mine water penetrating the ground (receiving pond/dumping site lined water-repellent sheet) *Installing acid and metal rich drainage treatment system *Decreasing mine water by preventing rainwater flowing-in the mine Counter measures for mine water pollution Metals Low pH values Suspended solids Limestone/coal mine *Installing sludge water treatment system *mine waste dumping site (preventing land slip)

National effluent standards : 

National effluent standards

Measures in pollution generation stage for metal mine: 

Measures in pollution generation stage for metal mine Shutdown of Adit Mountainside channel Covering, planting *Reducing water *Improving water quality *Preventing outflow of soil

Example of Limestone mine drainage treatment flow: 

Example of Limestone mine drainage treatment flow Raw material pH, SS Water Cleansing Solid liquid separation tank Dehydrator Sludge Screen Crusher Water Drainage from mine and sludge/waste dumping site product Effluent Landfill

Example of metal mine drainage treatment flow: 

Example of metal mine drainage treatment flow Metals, pH, SS, Solid liquid separation tank Dehydrator Metal rich Sludge Drainage from mine and sludge/waste dumping site Drainage from mine facility Effluent Neutralization tank Coagulation reaction tank Controlled tailings dam/landfill

Slide26: 

Flow Sheet of treatment of Iron mine drainage

Inspection for water treatment facility: 

Inspection for water treatment facility Checking drainage way/pipe and outlets The volume and pollution states of drainage (for each outlets). (color, smell, turbidity) The number and place of outlets and drainage ways Managing polluted water and cooling water/rainwater separately, etc. Corrosion, break, mis-connection in pipes/channels Structural possibility of polluted water flow-into the rainwater channels Leaking from drainage way/pipe Sampling Sapling in the presence of person in charge of managing factory environment. Sampling at final drainage outlet (if there are several outlet, sampling at all outlets except rain water/ cooling water outlets) Measuring ph, water temperature, SS using portable meter, at site ( if it is needed.)

Slide28: 

Thank you