AGROFORESTRY Updated on 06/05/2012) (www.agrowmania.blogspot.com)

Vishnusankar

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The basic Agroforestry practices, cropping patterns, fodder giving trees, Nitrogen fixing trees, list of economically important fast growing tree species, trees that have gained wide spread acceptance among the farmers, list of long standing, hard wood trees that have good market value and the Govt. subsidy for medicinal value trees are discussed in this presentation. For more information, visit: www.agrowmania.blogspot.com

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Slide 1:

W E L C O M E

Slide 2:

P r e s e n t a t i o n b y: A.Vishnu Sankar Agriculturist Panaiyoor-627761 Sankarankovil- Tk Tirunelveli – Dt E-mail ID: vishnusankar@ymail.com Blog: http://agrowmania.blogspot.com

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YEAR ‘FS’ All India Total; Based on ‘NCRB’ data 1997 – 2002 (6 Years) - 96,708 2003 – 2005 (3 Years) . 52536 2006 – 2007 (2 Years) - 33692 2008 – (1 Year alone) - 16196 Total - (1997 to 2008)-199132 What are these “FS” figures? Any guess?

‘FS’ stands for FARM SUICIDES :

‘FS’ stands for FARM SUICIDES

External factors that affects us:1. Decline in investment in Agriculture.2. Soaring input prices.3. Explosion of cultivation costs.4. Commercialisation of countryside. :

External factors that affects us:1. Decline in investment in Agriculture.2. Soaring input prices.3. Explosion of cultivation costs.4. Commercialisation of countryside.

External factors that affects us:5. Withdrawal of bank credit.6. Shifting to very risky cash crop only cultivation.7. Corporate hijack of Seed business. :

External factors that affects us:5. Withdrawal of bank credit.6. Shifting to very risky cash crop only cultivation.7. Corporate hijack of Seed business.

So, the crisis is still with us. Loan Waiver is a cosmetic solution. - Is there a way to insure us from these external factors? :

So, the crisis is still with us. Loan Waiver is a cosmetic solution. - Is there a way to insure us from these external factors?

Slide 8:

for all your doubts There is an answer and there is only one way...

Adopt : :

Adopt : Agroforestry …... and discover profits from unlikely places.

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Any move towards cultivating only ‘Money spinning Trees’ will aggravate the problem of farm suicides. agrowmania.blogspot.com

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Don’t imagine ! Be realistic !

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Then why Trees ?

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Trees agrowmania.blogspot.com

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The main benefit of Incorporating trees in farming system called as ‘AGROFORESTRY’ is to increase organic carbon content of the soil. The main benefit:

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Soul of infinite life ! SOIL has become Soil of inert life ! Within 4 decades (1960s to 2000) to agrowmania.blogspot.com

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‘Organic agriculture’ ‘Chemical agriculture’ ‘Biotech agriculture’ ‘Zero budget farming’ ‘Do Nothing farming’ Basic concept of all is about the importance of O.M and O.C

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Organic Matter of Plant origin : Cheaper and abundantly available. Organic matter of animal origin : Costlier. Applying little is enough. agrowmania.blogspot.com

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Soil weight of 6” depth x 1 Acre area = 10 Lakh Kgs. In that mass if you add 200 tons of dry matter, you will get 20 tons of Organic matter (OM), that will give 10 tons of Organic Carbon (OC) that’s called 1% OC

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O.C - Organic Carbon, Good - 0.5, Excellent - 1 O.M - Organic Matter is always double of O.C O.C is getting reduced every year at alarming level.

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Decline in soil organic matter - OM Status of TN

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Soil organic matter buildup OC level when compost alone was applied

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To enhance soil fertility.... Green manures Organic manures Vermicompost Biocompost Crop rotations Biofertilizers Soil amendments And if necessary apply Chemical fertilizers. agrowmania.blogspot.com

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Organic Manures FYM, Compost, Bio compost Green manure, Crop residue Soil Nutrient Reserves Bio - fertilizers Reserves of Primary, Secondary and Micro Nutrients. NFB PSB KSB VAM Vermi Soil amendments Rock - Phosphate, Gypsum, Lime and Chemical Fertilizers if Necessary. Soil Fertility Mere application of Chemicals will lead to detoriation in Soil quality. Integrated plant nutrient supply system

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Agriculture 14% How we contribute to Green house gases: Ploughing, Burning Agri wastes, Usage of Chemical fertilizers Etc. agrowmania.blogspot.com

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agrowmania.blogspot.com

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The concept of 33 % Reservation. 33:33:33 (or) 33:33:11:11:6:6

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33 % - Agri. 33 % - Horti. 11 % - ‘N’ fixing trees. 11 % - Trees for fodder. 6 % - Short duration trees. 6 % - Long duration trees. 100 % - Viability in farming.

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33 % of tree cover for a healthy nation Same for our farm also.

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33 % of tree cover in our farm… ...will replenish the lost O.C.

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agrowmania.blogspot.com

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As wind Breaker / Shelterbelts

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Trees as Wind breaker Gliricidia as Windbreaker cum fence

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agrowmania.blogspot.com

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Do you want me to continue

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agrowmania.blogspot.com

F o r e s t f a r m i n g i n s h a d e: :

F o r e s t f a r m i n g i n s h a d e: Cultivation of shade loving crops under the tree canopy. It will provide periodic income before harvesting the trees for wood products. The forest cover has to be periodically modified to provide the correct level of shade to the shade tolerant varieties underneath.

Uses of trees in cropping systemsFOR SHADE :

Uses of trees in cropping systemsFOR SHADE For shade, mulch and timber

Uses of trees in cropping systemsFOR SHADE :

Uses of trees in cropping systemsFOR SHADE Integrate with plants that loves shade

Multitier cropping system: :

Multitier cropping system: agrowmania.blogspot.com

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agrowmania.blogspot.com

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Alley cropping : Growing Agri, Horti, Forage crops between rows of trees Annual crop gets shelter from wind. Tree crop gets proper nutrition and irrigation. 3. Soil gets mulch from Trees 4. Farmer gets regular extra income.

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Alley cropping :

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Alley cropping : Ailanthus Casuarina Teak Eucalyptus

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agrowmania.blogspot.com

Riparian Forest Buffers :

Riparian Forest Buffers Riparian buffers are strips of perennial vegetation (trees/shrubs/grass) planted between cropland and streams, lakes or ponds. 2. They reduce runoff by trapping sediment, filtering excess nutrients, and degrading pesticides. 3. They can also stabilize Stream banks, protect floodplains and enhance wildlife habitat.

Slide 53:

agrowmania.blogspot.com

Riparian Forest Buffers :

Riparian Forest Buffers Buffer strip on the Riverbank

Woody Crop Plantations: :

Woody Crop Plantations:

Uses of trees in cropping systemsFOR FUEL WOOD :

Uses of trees in cropping systemsFOR FUEL WOOD MANY TREES HAVE COPPICE CAPABILITY

Uses of trees in cropping systemsFOR FUEL WOOD :

Uses of trees in cropping systemsFOR FUEL WOOD

Slide 60:

S I L V O P A S T U R E Trees are intentionally selected and managed Combining trees with forage and livestock production. The over story trees provide shade and wind shelter for grazing livestock. Tree branches and leaves can be pruned and fed directly to livestock.

Uses of trees in cropping systemsFOR FODDER :

Uses of trees in cropping systemsFOR FODDER

List of some fodder giving trees: :

List of some fodder giving trees: Acacia auriculiformis - Kathi savukku Acacia mangium - Maan sevi karuvai Acacia leucopholea - Velvael Albizia lebbeck - Vagai Albizzia amara - Usila maram Cassia siamea - Manja Konnai Erythrina indica - Mullu murungai Gliricidia sepium - Gliricidia Leucaena leucocephala - Subapul, Savundal Sesbania grandiflora - Agathi Sesbania sesban - Sesbania agathi Ficus - (Aala maram), Dalbergia sissoo - (Sisu), Dalbergia paniculata - (Pani vagai),

Uses of trees in cropping systems :Nitrogen fixing trees :

Uses of trees in cropping systems :Nitrogen fixing trees

List of some Nitrogen fixing trees :

List of some Nitrogen fixing trees Acacia auriculiformis - Kathi Savukku Acacia mangium - Mangium Albizia lebbeck - Vagai Albizia falcataria - Kattumaram Casuarina equisetifolia - Savukku Dalbergia sissoo - Sissu Gliricidia sepium - Gliricidia Leucaena leucocephala - Subapul, Savundal Pongamia pinnata - Pungan Sesbania grandiflora - Agathi Sesbania sesban - Sesbania Agathi

Slide 65:

Importance of Mulching: To preserve moisture around the basin. To increase organic carbon content of the soil. Wetness and organic matter promotes the growth of beneficial bacterial & fungal content in the soil. To suppress weed growth.

TIMBER SEEDLINGS BEING RAISED IN PROTRAYS :

TIMBER SEEDLINGS BEING RAISED IN PROTRAYS agrowmania.blogspot.com

Economically important fast growing tree species as recommended by the Forest Dept: :

Economically important fast growing tree species as recommended by the Forest Dept: Ailanthus excelsa - Perumaram Melia dubia - Malai vembu Kaya senegalensis - Kaya (Senegal Mahogany) Anthocephalus cadamba- Vellai Kadambu Alstronia scholaris - Aelilai palai

Economically important fast growing tree species as recommended by the Forest Dept: :

Economically important fast growing tree species as recommended by the Forest Dept: Albizia richardiana - A ‘Vagai’ variety Acrocarpus fraxinifolius- Nellarai, Kalingi Casuarina junghuniana- Junguniana Savukku Bamboo (Malocanna baccifera, Bambusa nutans, B. Bamboos, B. tulda, B. vulgaris, B. Balcooa)

Trees that have gained wide spread acceptance among farmers: :

Trees that have gained wide spread acceptance among farmers: Gmelina arborea - Kumil, Kumul Grewia tiliaefolia - Thadasu, Sadachi Albizia falcataria - Kattumaram Acacia auriculiformis - Kathi/ elai karuvel Eucalyptus - Thaila maram

Long standing, hard wood trees that have good market value: :

Long standing, hard wood trees that have good market value: Tectona grandis - Thaekku Pterocarpus santalinus- Sivappu santhanam Pterocarpus marsupium- Vengai Santalum album - Santhana maram Swietenia macrophylla- Peruvian Mahogany Swietenia mahogany - Jamaican Mahogany Haldinia cardifolia - Manja Kadambu Dalbergia latifolia - Thothakaththi, Eeti

NMMP subsidy for Medicinal value trees: :

NMMP subsidy for Medicinal value trees: No. Name Tamil Unit cost/Acre Subsidy% Emblica officinalis – Amla 26000 - Terminalia arjuna- Maruthu 18000 20 Aegle marmelos - Vilvam 16000 50 Terminalia bellirica - Thani 16000 20 Gmelina arborea - Kumil 18000 50 Azadiracta indica - Neem 15000 20 Albizzia lebbeck – Vaagai 15000 50

NMMP subsidy for Medicinal value trees: :

NMMP subsidy for Medicinal value trees: No. Name Tamil Unit cost/Acre Subsidy% Caesalpinia sappan – Pathimugam - 20 Alstronia scholaris - Aelilai palai - 50 Pterocarpus marsupium- Vengai - 50 Pterocarpus santalinus- Sivappu santhanam- 75 Santalum album - Santhanam - 75 (Economics on cultivation cost norms for some plants are yet to be calculated by ICAR, ICFRE and Forest Department)

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Let us join hands and bring back the smiles to the farmers It is your social responsibility!

AGROFORESTRY Updated on 06/05/2012) (www.agrowmania.blogspot.com)

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Presentation Transcript

Slide 1:

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‘FS’ stands for FARM SUICIDES :

External factors that affects us:1. Decline in investment in Agriculture.2. Soaring input prices.3. Explosion of cultivation costs.4. Commercialisation of countryside. :

External factors that affects us:5. Withdrawal of bank credit.6. Shifting to very risky cash crop only cultivation.7. Corporate hijack of Seed business. :

So, the crisis is still with us. Loan Waiver is a cosmetic solution. - Is there a way to insure us from these external factors? :

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Adopt : :

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F o r e s t f a r m i n g i n s h a d e: :

Uses of trees in cropping systemsFOR SHADE :

Uses of trees in cropping systemsFOR SHADE :

Multitier cropping system: :

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Riparian Forest Buffers :

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Riparian Forest Buffers :

Woody Crop Plantations: :

Uses of trees in cropping systemsFOR FUEL WOOD :

Uses of trees in cropping systemsFOR FUEL WOOD :

Slide 60:

Uses of trees in cropping systemsFOR FODDER :

List of some fodder giving trees: :

Uses of trees in cropping systems :Nitrogen fixing trees :

List of some Nitrogen fixing trees :

Slide 65:

TIMBER SEEDLINGS BEING RAISED IN PROTRAYS :

Economically important fast growing tree species as recommended by the Forest Dept: :

Economically important fast growing tree species as recommended by the Forest Dept: :

Trees that have gained wide spread acceptance among farmers: :

Long standing, hard wood trees that have good market value: :

NMMP subsidy for Medicinal value trees: :

NMMP subsidy for Medicinal value trees: :

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