notes gilded Age

Slide1: 

The French Lesson for Today…. Laissez-Faire: “________________________” Why Learn This??? During the late 1800’s, the government wanted to spur __________________________________________________ * They put limited restrictions on businesses Think of all the restrictions our government gives businesses… 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. We must come up with 5 good ones before we move on!

Slide2: 

Headlines: A SCANDLE IN WASHINGTON Credit Mobilier Company __________________________ Credit Mobilier Company (CMC)- Outside Company _____________________to lay track for the transcontinental railroad (Sub-Contractor) - CMC knew that the government was paying money for the cost of the railroad Charged Way ____________ than what was actually needed to cover supplies and labor Gave money to politicians to keep their mouth shut (___________________________) How Could this Happen

Slide3: 

Republican President R.B. Hayes fought against the patronage system that was causing all the corruption Who do you suppose he upset by making this decision? (as a class you have 30 seconds to raise your hand and come up with the right answers) Hayes had a noble cause but it split up his party ____________________ __________________________ _____________ ______________________________________ __________________ _____________________________________ Republicans chose Half-Breed: James A. Garfield as nominee Strategically chose Chester A. Arthur (Stalwart) as V.P. candidate How Out of Control Can it Get?

Slide4: 

_________________ “I am a Stalwart and Arthur is President now!” Arthur passed ___________________Act in memory of Garfield Tested applicants before they could take government jobs

Slide5: 

1884 Cleveland Becomes President (Democrat) Goes after the Railroad companies with the _________________________________- required all rates on railroad to be public so people couldn’t be taken advantage of Interstate Commerce Commission was established to oversee Act

Slide6: 

Immigration Push Factors a. _________________ b. _____________________ c. _____________________ Pull Factors _________________________ _________________________ __________________________ Immigration

Leaving Europe for America: 

Leaving Europe for America ________________ ___________ Day Journey __________Steerage What would you take with?

The Eye Exam: 

The Eye Exam Eyes were special treatment Each person had their eyes examined, usually with a hook to flip them up. They were looking for _________________

Trachoma & Fauves: 

Trachoma & Fauves Trachoma & Fauves were the 2 main diseases that would send you home Fauves is a ________________ Trachoma is a version of “_______________”

The Questions: 

The Questions Asked a Series of 29 Questions The Same as Were Asked Before Leaving Europe To See if Your Story Remained the Same

The Mental Exam: 

The Mental Exam Immigrants who Looked “__________________” Were Given Mental Exams If You Failed the Exams (3 Chances), You Were Deported

Making it: 

Making it Once All the Testing Was Done, You Were Allowed to Leave the Island & Become an American

Too Many Undesirables: 

Too Many Undesirables The Chinese Exclusion Act of 1882 effectively ends Chinese immigration A growing Nativist movement grips the nation

Slide14: 

Urbanization Americans Migrate to the _____________ Urban population tripled from 1870 to 1900 (______________________) ________________, located in a great location, grew from 30,000 1850 to 1.7 Million in 1900 a. 57 times larger in 40 years 131 cities by 1840; 1700 cities in 1900 ________________ stayed in cities 5. Farmers moved to the city New Urban Environment ___________________________ L Train in Chicago and New York, Subways in Boston and NYC

Slide15: 

Working Class ___________________ Lived in tenements _______________________; forced families to send kids to work in factories in the process denying them the education needed for a better life Vs.

Slide16: 

C. Urban Problems Growing cities created new problems ______________________________ From sewers to roads to murder the problems were vast Immigrants took the blame from Nativists _________________________ How the Other Half Lives Actually the other 90% Blamed cyclical poverty as a breeding ground of problems Initiated _____________________ This is the legendary collection by pioneering photographer, journalist and reformer Jacob Riis, whose photographs of the slum life of the Lower East Side at the turn-of-the-century helped create changes and establish laws protecting the poor from horrific living conditions.

Slide17: 

D. Urban Politics _____________________________- maintained control through power and corruption Fraud ran rampant graft Tammany Hall (NYC) “BOSS” Tweed and the _______________________ Provided services to the poor to increase (↑) their popularity “Tweed maintained personal popularity because of his openhandedness and charity to the poor.” Got very rich through __________________

Slide18: 

________________________________- provided religious rationale for the ending of the social problems in the cities “The great ends of the church are the proclamation of the gospel for the salvation of humankind; the shelter, nurture, and spiritual fellowship of the children of God; the maintenance of divine worship; the preservation of truth; the promotion of social righteousness; and the exhibition of the Kingdom of Heaven to the world. “ –Presbyterian Statement in 1910 __________________________________________ Instead of blaming immigrants for the drinking, gambling and other issues, they sought to end the problems that led to these activities  Walter Rauschenbusch- Baptist minister who believed that individuals would only be helped if society as a whole was not cleaned up

Slide19: 

Jane Addams took the ideas of Rauschenbusch and created a settlement house- community center offering social services _________________________(run down mansion in Chicago) Addams and Ellen Gates Starr wanted to witness poverty (discovering need) led to offering help (offering service that directly meets the need) _______________________, playgrounds, clubs, summer camps for youth, services for legal aid, health care clinics, etc. Settlement houses soon became common throughout the country (by 1910 there were 400) These were _________________________working for the betterment of society. Who, for the most part, has this role now?

Slide20: 

Temperance Movement- organized campaign to eliminate alcohol consumption _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Woman’s Christian Temperance Movement- opposed drinking on the grounds that it led to personal tragedy. Desired Prohibition- a ban on the manufacture and sale of alcoholic beverages Prohibitionists sought to ban alcohol each town and city at a time. By 1890 three states were completely “dry”. (Maine, Kansas, North Dakota) Discussion Topic: Are we witnessing a modern day temperance movement on smoking? How is it the same, how is it different? Will this just be a flash in the pan of American History like banning the consumption of alcohol?