Refraction

Slide1: 

AIR GLASS / WATER Slower Propagating Speed Car ( Sand / Gravel ) ( Plain Road )

Slide2: 

AIR GLASS / WATER Slower Propagating Speed Car ( Sand / Gravel ) ( Plain Road )

Slide3: 

AIR GLASS / WATER Slower Propagating Speed Car ( Sand / Gravel ) ( Plain Road )

Explanation: 

Explanation When the car travelling on a plain road hits the sand/gravel, the right front wheel gets grabbed by the sand/gravel - causing that tire to slow down. Thus the left front tire travels relatively faster than the right, making the car change its direction of motion, as shown on the previous slide.

Slide5: 

AIR GLASS / WATER Slower Propagating Speed Car ( Sand / Gravel )

Slide6: 

AIR GLASS / WATER Slower Propagating Speed Car ( Sand / Gravel )

Slide7: 

AIR GLASS / WATER Slower Propagating Speed NORMAL

Slide8: 

AIR GLASS / WATER Slower Propagating Speed NORMAL LIGHT BENDING TOWARDS THE NORMAL LIGHT RAY

Slide9: 

n2 AIR GLASS / WATER Slower Propagating Speed NORMAL LIGHT BENDING TOWARDS THE NORMAL n1 Snell's Law ( Next Slide )

Slide10: 

Snell's Law                                    Where: VL1 is the longitudinal wave velocity in material 1. VL2 is the longitudinal wave velocity in material 2. Snell's Law describes the relationship between the angles and the velocities of the waves. Snell's law equates the ratio of material velocities V1 and V2 to the ratio of the sine's of incident and refracting angles.

Snell's Law : 

Snell's Law where    and    are the angles from the normal of the incident and refracted waves, respectively. n1,n2 are indices of refraction of the two media respectively. n=(c/v) where : C is the velocity of light and v is the velocity of light in that medium

Slide12: 

GLASS / WATER Car AIR Slower Propagating Speed ( Sand / Gravel )

Slide13: 

GLASS / WATER Car AIR Slower Propagating Speed ( Sand / Gravel )

Slide14: 

GLASS / WATER Car AIR Slower Propagating Speed ( Sand / Gravel )

Slide15: 

AIR Slower Propagating Speed GLASS / WATER NORMAL AGAIN, LIGHT BENDS TOWARDS THE NORMAL upon entering a region with slower speed. LIGHT RAY

Slide16: 

Slower Propagating Speed GLASS / WATER Car AIR ( Sand / Gravel )

Slide17: 

Slower Propagating Speed GLASS / WATER Car AIR ( Sand / Gravel )

Slide18: 

Slower Propagating Speed GLASS / WATER Car AIR ( Sand / Gravel )

Slide19: 

NOW LIGHT BENDS AWAY FROM THE NORMAL Slower Propagating Speed GLASS / WATER AIR LIGHT RAY NORMAL Snell's Law

Slide20: 

AIR Car Slower Propagating Speed ( Sand / Gravel )

Slide21: 

AIR Car Slower Propagating Speed ( Sand / Gravel )

Slide22: 

AIR Car Slower Propagating Speed ( Sand / Gravel )

Slide23: 

AIR Slower Propagating Speed NORMAL LIGHT RAY LIGHT BENDING AWAY FROM THE NORMAL GLASS / WATER Snell's Law

Slide24: 

Summary : Light traveling from a faster medium to a slower medium bends toward the normal; light traveling from a slower medium to a faster medium bends away from the normal.

Slide25: 

Compensating refractions through a slab with parallel faces Light Ray Slab with parallel faces The dotted lines represent the normals to the corresponding surface.

Slide26: 

Passing of Monochromatic light through a Prism LIGHT RAY Bends toward the normal Bends away from the normal

Slide27: 

When light is traveling from air to a glass or plastic prism, red light travels faster in the prism than all other colors and bends the least. Violet light is slowest and bends the most http://www.physlink.com/Education/AskExperts/ae184.cfm http://www.newton.dep.anl.gov/askasci/phy00/phy00081.htm

Slide28: 

Ray bending by a prism

Slide29: 

Dotted lines represent normals LIGHT BENDS TOWARDS THE NORMAL AT EACH POINT

Slide30: 

Dotted lines Represent Normals

Slide31: 

Rays of light from a light source Dotted lines Represent Normals EXITING LIGHT BENDS AWAY FROM THE NORMAL

Slide32: 

Though light bends towards the normal coming into the denser medium and away from the normal going out of the denser into the rarer medium as shown, both rays converge ( bend inward ).

Slide33: 

Dotted lines Represent Normals

Slide34: 

Demos of explanations of refraction of particles and of waves: http://micro.magnet.fsu.edu/primer/java/particleorwave/refraction/index.html http://micro.magnet.fsu.edu/primer/java/refraction/refractionangles/index.html