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Premium member Presentation Transcript Production of Ethyl Esters from Crude and Refined Vegetable Oils: Production of Ethyl Esters from Crude and Refined Vegetable Oils Centro de Pesquisa em Química Aplicada Department of Chemistry, Federal University of Paraná – UFPR lramos@quimica.ufpr.br Luiz Pereira RamosSlide2: Soybeans Sunflower Brassica sp. Colza Peanut Corn Olive Cottonseed Sesame seeds Jatropha curcas Ricinus communis Jojoba Linseed Used cooking oils Avocado White tremoço Pequi Macaúba Buriti Dendê Palmiste Babaçu Oil content and composition Technology required for extraction Nutritional value of the oil cake Productivity per unit area Agronomic data and plant cycle Suitability for biodiesel production Are there valuable co-products?Slide4: Source: ABIOVE, 2001/02 III Brazil/Germany Workshop, 2005Slide5: BIODIESEL PROGRAM Production Near to comsumption sites Near to production sitesSlide6: BIODIESEL PROGRAM Synergy with ethanol facilitiesSlide7: BIODIESEL PROGRAM Synergy with oil refineriesSlide8: Ethanolysis of crude and refined vegetable oils ETHYL ESTERS Process optimization Optimization based on experimental designs Reduction of alkali requirement for alcoholysis Decrease in the need for water washing Induction of phase separation Substitution of NaOH for KOH at low alkali loadings Improvement of oxidation stability and cold flow propertiesSlide9: ETHYL ESTERS Ethanolysis of crude oils Crude oils may contain 1 to 5% of non-glyceride compounds such as sterols, tocopherol, phospholipids and free fatty acids (these mostly originated from the extraction procedure and/or improper storage) These compounds may strongly interfere with ethanolysis and decrease reaction yields Pretreatment methods are advisable to minimize detrimental effects such as emulsification Different types of crude oils may require different reaction conditions to produced a good quality biodieselSlide10: ETHYL ESTERS Process optimization CRUDE WILD TURNIP OIL CENTRAL COMPOSITE DESIGN PRELIMINARY OPTIMIZATION SIMPLE BUT IMPORTANT CHANGES IN PROCESS VARIABLES MAY STRONGLY INTERFERE WITH ITS ECONOMICS AND TECHNICAL VIABILITYSlide11: ETHYL ESTERS Response surface ETHYL ESTERS Yield = 96.30 + 27.16RM + 22.78C – 1.15T – 14.51RM2 – 24.68(RM)C + 0.35(RM)T – 16.31C2 + 0.03CT + 1.01T2 CRUDE WILD TURNIP OILSlide12: ETHYL ESTERS Response surface Molar Ratio Catalyst (%) Yield = 96.30 + 27.16RM + 22.78C – 1.15T – 14.51RM2 – 24.68(RM)C + 0.35(RM)T – 16.31C2 + 0.03CT + 1.01T2 CRUDE WILD TURNIP OIL ETHYL ESTERSSlide13: ETHYL ESTERS Response surface CRUDE WILD TURNIP OIL Slide14: ETHYL ESTERS Performing the second stage … Physical treatment of methyl esters with magnesium sulfate facilitates biodiesel purification by reducing the amount of water required for washing and by removing important biodiesel contaminants such as soap, free glycerin, unreacted glycerides and moisture Now, if that is so, what if this treatment is used to eliminate water washing after the first stage of ethanolysis? Our hope was to produce an ester phase that would be readily converted to biodiesel upon a second ethanolysis stage under milder alkaline conditionsSlide15: ETHYL ESTERS Preliminary specification CRUDE WILD TURNIP OILSlide16: ETHYL ESTERS Preliminary specification REFINED SOYBEAN OILSlide17: BIODIESEL Process developmentSlide18: STARCH-BASED COMPOSITES WITH NATURAL FIBRES COMPOSTING OF OIL CAKES FOR FERTILIZERS PROTONIC MEMBRANES FOR FUEL CELL APPLICATIONS BIOTECHNOLOGY VALORIZATION OF OIL CAKES STARCH-BASED BIOFILMS WITH GLYCERIN LIPASES & BIOSURFACTANTS PVC & BIOFILMS OPTIMIZATION OF ETHANOLYSIS IN ALKALINE MEDIUM GENERATION OF ELECTRICITY IN STATIONARY SYSTEMS ADDITIVES FOR INCREASING OXIDATION STABILITY ENHANCEMENT OF BIODIESELCOLD-FLOW PROPERTIES ALTERNATIVE USES FOR ETHYL ESTERS PAINTS & PLASTICIZERS LIPASES, RESINS, HDLs E ZEOLITES DEVELOPMENT OF HETEROGENEOUS CATALYSIS TECPAR EMBRAPA DA-UFPR LACTEC DEM-UFPR LACTEC LACTEC TECPAR LACTEC Slide19: Apresentação do grupo EQUIPE Luiz Pereira Ramos Nádia Krieger Fernando Wypych Kestur Gundappa Satyanarayana Maria Aparecida F. César-Oliveira LABPOL Sonia Faria Zawadzki LABPOL Shirley Nakagaki Bastos LABIOIN Maria Rita Sierakowski BIOPOL Helena M. Wilhelm LACTECSlide21: Department of Chemistry, UFPR lramos@quimica.ufpr.br You do not have the permission to view this presentation. In order to view it, please contact the author of the presentation.
luiz ramos Veronica1 Download Post to : URL : Related Presentations : Share Add to Flag Embed Email Send to Blogs and Networks Add to Channel Uploaded from authorPOINTLite Insert YouTube videos in PowerPont slides with aS Desktop Copy embed code: (To copy code, click on the text box) Embed: URL: Thumbnail: WordPress Embed Customize Embed The presentation is successfully added In Your Favorites. Views: 155 Category: Education License: All Rights Reserved Like it (0) Dislike it (0) Added: January 23, 2008 This Presentation is Public Favorites: 0 Presentation Description No description available. Comments Posting comment... Premium member Presentation Transcript Production of Ethyl Esters from Crude and Refined Vegetable Oils: Production of Ethyl Esters from Crude and Refined Vegetable Oils Centro de Pesquisa em Química Aplicada Department of Chemistry, Federal University of Paraná – UFPR lramos@quimica.ufpr.br Luiz Pereira RamosSlide2: Soybeans Sunflower Brassica sp. Colza Peanut Corn Olive Cottonseed Sesame seeds Jatropha curcas Ricinus communis Jojoba Linseed Used cooking oils Avocado White tremoço Pequi Macaúba Buriti Dendê Palmiste Babaçu Oil content and composition Technology required for extraction Nutritional value of the oil cake Productivity per unit area Agronomic data and plant cycle Suitability for biodiesel production Are there valuable co-products?Slide4: Source: ABIOVE, 2001/02 III Brazil/Germany Workshop, 2005Slide5: BIODIESEL PROGRAM Production Near to comsumption sites Near to production sitesSlide6: BIODIESEL PROGRAM Synergy with ethanol facilitiesSlide7: BIODIESEL PROGRAM Synergy with oil refineriesSlide8: Ethanolysis of crude and refined vegetable oils ETHYL ESTERS Process optimization Optimization based on experimental designs Reduction of alkali requirement for alcoholysis Decrease in the need for water washing Induction of phase separation Substitution of NaOH for KOH at low alkali loadings Improvement of oxidation stability and cold flow propertiesSlide9: ETHYL ESTERS Ethanolysis of crude oils Crude oils may contain 1 to 5% of non-glyceride compounds such as sterols, tocopherol, phospholipids and free fatty acids (these mostly originated from the extraction procedure and/or improper storage) These compounds may strongly interfere with ethanolysis and decrease reaction yields Pretreatment methods are advisable to minimize detrimental effects such as emulsification Different types of crude oils may require different reaction conditions to produced a good quality biodieselSlide10: ETHYL ESTERS Process optimization CRUDE WILD TURNIP OIL CENTRAL COMPOSITE DESIGN PRELIMINARY OPTIMIZATION SIMPLE BUT IMPORTANT CHANGES IN PROCESS VARIABLES MAY STRONGLY INTERFERE WITH ITS ECONOMICS AND TECHNICAL VIABILITYSlide11: ETHYL ESTERS Response surface ETHYL ESTERS Yield = 96.30 + 27.16RM + 22.78C – 1.15T – 14.51RM2 – 24.68(RM)C + 0.35(RM)T – 16.31C2 + 0.03CT + 1.01T2 CRUDE WILD TURNIP OILSlide12: ETHYL ESTERS Response surface Molar Ratio Catalyst (%) Yield = 96.30 + 27.16RM + 22.78C – 1.15T – 14.51RM2 – 24.68(RM)C + 0.35(RM)T – 16.31C2 + 0.03CT + 1.01T2 CRUDE WILD TURNIP OIL ETHYL ESTERSSlide13: ETHYL ESTERS Response surface CRUDE WILD TURNIP OIL Slide14: ETHYL ESTERS Performing the second stage … Physical treatment of methyl esters with magnesium sulfate facilitates biodiesel purification by reducing the amount of water required for washing and by removing important biodiesel contaminants such as soap, free glycerin, unreacted glycerides and moisture Now, if that is so, what if this treatment is used to eliminate water washing after the first stage of ethanolysis? Our hope was to produce an ester phase that would be readily converted to biodiesel upon a second ethanolysis stage under milder alkaline conditionsSlide15: ETHYL ESTERS Preliminary specification CRUDE WILD TURNIP OILSlide16: ETHYL ESTERS Preliminary specification REFINED SOYBEAN OILSlide17: BIODIESEL Process developmentSlide18: STARCH-BASED COMPOSITES WITH NATURAL FIBRES COMPOSTING OF OIL CAKES FOR FERTILIZERS PROTONIC MEMBRANES FOR FUEL CELL APPLICATIONS BIOTECHNOLOGY VALORIZATION OF OIL CAKES STARCH-BASED BIOFILMS WITH GLYCERIN LIPASES & BIOSURFACTANTS PVC & BIOFILMS OPTIMIZATION OF ETHANOLYSIS IN ALKALINE MEDIUM GENERATION OF ELECTRICITY IN STATIONARY SYSTEMS ADDITIVES FOR INCREASING OXIDATION STABILITY ENHANCEMENT OF BIODIESELCOLD-FLOW PROPERTIES ALTERNATIVE USES FOR ETHYL ESTERS PAINTS & PLASTICIZERS LIPASES, RESINS, HDLs E ZEOLITES DEVELOPMENT OF HETEROGENEOUS CATALYSIS TECPAR EMBRAPA DA-UFPR LACTEC DEM-UFPR LACTEC LACTEC TECPAR LACTEC Slide19: Apresentação do grupo EQUIPE Luiz Pereira Ramos Nádia Krieger Fernando Wypych Kestur Gundappa Satyanarayana Maria Aparecida F. César-Oliveira LABPOL Sonia Faria Zawadzki LABPOL Shirley Nakagaki Bastos LABIOIN Maria Rita Sierakowski BIOPOL Helena M. Wilhelm LACTECSlide21: Department of Chemistry, UFPR lramos@quimica.ufpr.br