logging in or signing up 1900 1914 Progressivism Labor Venere Download Post to : URL : Related Presentations : Share Add to Flag Embed Email Send to Blogs and Networks Add to Channel Uploaded from authorPOINTLite Insert YouTube videos in PowerPont slides with aS Desktop Copy embed code: (To copy code, click on the text box) Embed: URL: Thumbnail: WordPress Embed Customize Embed The presentation is successfully added In Your Favorites. Views: 1885 Category: Education License: All Rights Reserved Like it (2) Dislike it (0) Added: January 09, 2008 This Presentation is Public Favorites: 1 Presentation Description No description available. Comments Posting comment... By: joyellewills (46 month(s) ago) This is the best powerpoint I have found yet on progressivism. I would love to use it for my classroom. Could you please email me a downloadable copy? Thank you so much! joyellewills@gmail.com Saving..... Post Reply Close Saving..... Edit Comment Close Premium member Presentation Transcript Labor in the Progressive Era: Labor in the Progressive Era after Haymarket Prepared by Tom Conry, Madison High School Portland, ORLabor – three possibilities: Labor – three possibilities Moderate – the American Federation of Labor, headed by Samuel Gompers, craft union Socialists – Socialist Party headed by Eugene Debs, works through elections Radicals – International Workers of the World, headed by “Big Bill” Haywood, wants direct actionAmerican Federation of Labor (AFL) Samuel Gompers : American Federation of Labor (AFL) Samuel Gompers Craft union Mostly white men More conservative Wanted shorter hours, higher wages, better working conditions What does labor want? "More“ Change will come through collective bargainingAmerican Socialist Party Eugene Debs: American Socialist Party Eugene Debs Learned from failure of 1894 Pullman Strike Formed political party, worked through elections Diverse membership, many women Wanted government ownership of big industry, vote for women, no child labor, right to strike Change will come through electionsIndustrial Workers of the World Big Bill Haywood et al.: Industrial Workers of the World Big Bill Haywood et al. "The Wobblies" Industrial union, came out of Western mining strikes Especially big in Oregon and Washington Used strikes, boycotts, songs, and education Rejected political parties and elections Change will come through a general strike and the workers will take overJoe Hill of the IWW (Wobblies): Joe Hill of the IWW (Wobblies) Swedish immigrant (born Hillstrom) IWW songwriter Framed for murder and executed "Don't mourn – organize!"Elizabeth Gurley Flynn of the IWW the original Wobbly "Rebel Girl": Elizabeth Gurley Flynn of the IWW the original Wobbly "Rebel Girl" Joined the Wobblies at age 16 Great public speaker Helped to organize the 1912 Lawrence, Mass. "Bread and Roses" strike A founder of the American Civil Liberties UnionWhat the Wobblies wanted: Against capitalism Revolutionary union “One big union” Workers should own industries Distrust of electoral politics Work toward a national general strike What the Wobblies wantedWhy was labor angry?: Why was labor angry?sweatshop working conditions: sweatshop working conditionschild labor: child laborSupreme Court decisions against labor: Supreme Court decisions against labor Based on “liberty of contract” doctrine (14th and 5th Amendments) Lochner v. New York (1905) states were not allowed to restrict work hours Danbury Hatters case (1908) unions were not allowed to boycott Before the Clayton Antitrust Act, striking was against the lawThree events revitalize labor: Three events revitalize labor 1902 Anthracite strike (TR supports miners against capital) 1911 Triangle Shirtwaist fire (sweatshop working conditions exposed) 1912 Bread and Roses textile strike, Lawrence, Massachusetts (high point of the IWW)The Great Anthracite Coal Strike of 1902: The Great Anthracite Coal Strike of 1902King Coal: King Coal Used in furnaces for heating Used in stoves for cooking Powered the railroads Powered factories Used in power-generating stations Anthracite operators led by George “Divine Right” Baer: Anthracite operators led by George “Divine Right” Baer Installed by J.P. Morgan as head of the Philadelphia and Reading Railroad Social Darwinist Told TR there was "nothing to negotiate" How "Divine Right" Baer got his nickname: How "Divine Right" Baer got his nickname “The rights and interests of the laboring man will be protected and cared for, not by the labor agitators, but by the Christian men to whom God in His infinite wisdom has given control of the property interests of the country” [open letter to the press during the 1902 strike]Workers’ demands: Workers’ demands Eight-hour day 10% raise Owners must recognize and bargain with the unionWhat happened?: What happened? United Mine Workers president John Mitchell calls for arbitration (a presidential commission to settle the strike) George “Divine Right” Baer refuses (and insults TR) TR leans on J.P. Morgan to make Baer accept the commissionAt the commission, Baer is disastrous: At the commission, Baer is disastrous Insults TR Gets bad press for the owners by declaring: “They don’t suffer; they can’t even speak English.” (Baer on the miners’ situation)Public sentiment favors the miners: Public sentiment favors the minersThe result: miners win!: The result: miners win! The commission accepts most of the union demands (but not union recognition) TR becomes famous for the “square deal” Establishes the principle of presidential intervention in important strikes and labor strugglesWhy the Anthracite Strike of 1902 matters: previous presidents had sided with capital: Why the Anthracite Strike of 1902 matters: previous presidents had sided with capital Andrew Jackson in 1834 sent troops to break strike on the construction of the Chesapeake and Ohio Canal War Department employees took over the Philadelphia and Reading Railroad during the Civil War Rutherford B. Hayes sent troops to break the Great Railroad Strike of 1877 Grover Cleveland used troops to break the Pullman Strike of 1894Now TR was offering a “Square Deal” to both management and labor: Now TR was offering a “Square Deal” to both management and labor The "Square Deal" – Reforms increase Federal Power, ended Laissez Faire "Let the watchwords of all our people be the old familiar watchwords of honesty, decency, fair-dealing, and commonsense."... "We must treat each man on his worth and merits as a man. We must see that each is given a square deal, because he is entitled to no more and should receive no less.""The welfare of each of us is dependent fundamentally upon the welfare of all of us." --New York State Fair, Syracuse September 7, 19031911 Triangle Shirtwaist Fire: 1911 Triangle Shirtwaist FireReaction: ReactionThe Disaster that Ended Tammany Hall: The Disaster that Ended Tammany Hall 146 dead, mostly young women Most are Jewish or Italian Catholics Doors were locked People saw that machine politics were inadequate1912 Lawrence, MA "Bread and Roses" textile strike: 1912 Lawrence, MA "Bread and Roses" textile strikeLawrence 1912 – what happened? : Lawrence 1912 – what happened? American Woolen Company speeded up production and reduced wages Mostly women workers Diverse immigrant workforce IWW asked to organize strikeHow the IWW organized: How the IWW organized Set up democratic committee of 50 workers, all nationalities Union supplied food and fuel for 50,000 workers Governor declared martial law IWW says: "Bayonets cannot weave cloth"The Children's Exodus: The Children's Exodus Company tries to starve workers IWW & Socialist Party sends children out of town to other workers New law: no children can leaveHow the strikers won: How the strikers won Elizabeth Gurley Flynn takes children out (against the law) Police beat women and children in front of cameras Police riot enrages public American Woolen Company forced to raise wagesBread and Roses (1912) strike song: Bread and Roses (1912) strike song Lyrics James Oppenheim, 1912 Slide35: As we go marching, marching in the beauty of the day, A million darkened kitchens, a thousand mill lofts gray Are touched with all the radiance that a sudden sun discloses, For the people hear us singing: "Bread and Roses! Bread and Roses!" As we go marching, marching we battle too for men, For they are women's children and we mother them again. Our lives shall not be sweated from birth until life closes. Hearts starve as well as bodies; give us bread but give us roses.Slide36: As we go marching, marching we battle too for men, For they are women's children and we mother them again. Our lives shall not be sweated from birth until life closes. Hearts starve as well as bodies; give us bread but give us roses. As we go marching, marching unnumbered woman dead Go crying through our singing their ancient call for bread. Small art and love and beauty their drudging spirits knew. Yes, it is bread we fight for, but we fight for roses too!Slide37: As we go marching, marching we bring the greater days. The rising of the women means the rising of the race, No more the drudge and idler, ten that toil where one reposes But a sharing of life's glories: Bread and roses! Bread and roses! 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1900 1914 Progressivism Labor Venere Download Post to : URL : Related Presentations : Share Add to Flag Embed Email Send to Blogs and Networks Add to Channel Uploaded from authorPOINTLite Insert YouTube videos in PowerPont slides with aS Desktop Copy embed code: (To copy code, click on the text box) Embed: URL: Thumbnail: WordPress Embed Customize Embed The presentation is successfully added In Your Favorites. Views: 1885 Category: Education License: All Rights Reserved Like it (2) Dislike it (0) Added: January 09, 2008 This Presentation is Public Favorites: 1 Presentation Description No description available. Comments Posting comment... By: joyellewills (46 month(s) ago) This is the best powerpoint I have found yet on progressivism. I would love to use it for my classroom. Could you please email me a downloadable copy? Thank you so much! joyellewills@gmail.com Saving..... Post Reply Close Saving..... Edit Comment Close Premium member Presentation Transcript Labor in the Progressive Era: Labor in the Progressive Era after Haymarket Prepared by Tom Conry, Madison High School Portland, ORLabor – three possibilities: Labor – three possibilities Moderate – the American Federation of Labor, headed by Samuel Gompers, craft union Socialists – Socialist Party headed by Eugene Debs, works through elections Radicals – International Workers of the World, headed by “Big Bill” Haywood, wants direct actionAmerican Federation of Labor (AFL) Samuel Gompers : American Federation of Labor (AFL) Samuel Gompers Craft union Mostly white men More conservative Wanted shorter hours, higher wages, better working conditions What does labor want? "More“ Change will come through collective bargainingAmerican Socialist Party Eugene Debs: American Socialist Party Eugene Debs Learned from failure of 1894 Pullman Strike Formed political party, worked through elections Diverse membership, many women Wanted government ownership of big industry, vote for women, no child labor, right to strike Change will come through electionsIndustrial Workers of the World Big Bill Haywood et al.: Industrial Workers of the World Big Bill Haywood et al. "The Wobblies" Industrial union, came out of Western mining strikes Especially big in Oregon and Washington Used strikes, boycotts, songs, and education Rejected political parties and elections Change will come through a general strike and the workers will take overJoe Hill of the IWW (Wobblies): Joe Hill of the IWW (Wobblies) Swedish immigrant (born Hillstrom) IWW songwriter Framed for murder and executed "Don't mourn – organize!"Elizabeth Gurley Flynn of the IWW the original Wobbly "Rebel Girl": Elizabeth Gurley Flynn of the IWW the original Wobbly "Rebel Girl" Joined the Wobblies at age 16 Great public speaker Helped to organize the 1912 Lawrence, Mass. "Bread and Roses" strike A founder of the American Civil Liberties UnionWhat the Wobblies wanted: Against capitalism Revolutionary union “One big union” Workers should own industries Distrust of electoral politics Work toward a national general strike What the Wobblies wantedWhy was labor angry?: Why was labor angry?sweatshop working conditions: sweatshop working conditionschild labor: child laborSupreme Court decisions against labor: Supreme Court decisions against labor Based on “liberty of contract” doctrine (14th and 5th Amendments) Lochner v. New York (1905) states were not allowed to restrict work hours Danbury Hatters case (1908) unions were not allowed to boycott Before the Clayton Antitrust Act, striking was against the lawThree events revitalize labor: Three events revitalize labor 1902 Anthracite strike (TR supports miners against capital) 1911 Triangle Shirtwaist fire (sweatshop working conditions exposed) 1912 Bread and Roses textile strike, Lawrence, Massachusetts (high point of the IWW)The Great Anthracite Coal Strike of 1902: The Great Anthracite Coal Strike of 1902King Coal: King Coal Used in furnaces for heating Used in stoves for cooking Powered the railroads Powered factories Used in power-generating stations Anthracite operators led by George “Divine Right” Baer: Anthracite operators led by George “Divine Right” Baer Installed by J.P. Morgan as head of the Philadelphia and Reading Railroad Social Darwinist Told TR there was "nothing to negotiate" How "Divine Right" Baer got his nickname: How "Divine Right" Baer got his nickname “The rights and interests of the laboring man will be protected and cared for, not by the labor agitators, but by the Christian men to whom God in His infinite wisdom has given control of the property interests of the country” [open letter to the press during the 1902 strike]Workers’ demands: Workers’ demands Eight-hour day 10% raise Owners must recognize and bargain with the unionWhat happened?: What happened? United Mine Workers president John Mitchell calls for arbitration (a presidential commission to settle the strike) George “Divine Right” Baer refuses (and insults TR) TR leans on J.P. Morgan to make Baer accept the commissionAt the commission, Baer is disastrous: At the commission, Baer is disastrous Insults TR Gets bad press for the owners by declaring: “They don’t suffer; they can’t even speak English.” (Baer on the miners’ situation)Public sentiment favors the miners: Public sentiment favors the minersThe result: miners win!: The result: miners win! The commission accepts most of the union demands (but not union recognition) TR becomes famous for the “square deal” Establishes the principle of presidential intervention in important strikes and labor strugglesWhy the Anthracite Strike of 1902 matters: previous presidents had sided with capital: Why the Anthracite Strike of 1902 matters: previous presidents had sided with capital Andrew Jackson in 1834 sent troops to break strike on the construction of the Chesapeake and Ohio Canal War Department employees took over the Philadelphia and Reading Railroad during the Civil War Rutherford B. Hayes sent troops to break the Great Railroad Strike of 1877 Grover Cleveland used troops to break the Pullman Strike of 1894Now TR was offering a “Square Deal” to both management and labor: Now TR was offering a “Square Deal” to both management and labor The "Square Deal" – Reforms increase Federal Power, ended Laissez Faire "Let the watchwords of all our people be the old familiar watchwords of honesty, decency, fair-dealing, and commonsense."... "We must treat each man on his worth and merits as a man. We must see that each is given a square deal, because he is entitled to no more and should receive no less.""The welfare of each of us is dependent fundamentally upon the welfare of all of us." --New York State Fair, Syracuse September 7, 19031911 Triangle Shirtwaist Fire: 1911 Triangle Shirtwaist FireReaction: ReactionThe Disaster that Ended Tammany Hall: The Disaster that Ended Tammany Hall 146 dead, mostly young women Most are Jewish or Italian Catholics Doors were locked People saw that machine politics were inadequate1912 Lawrence, MA "Bread and Roses" textile strike: 1912 Lawrence, MA "Bread and Roses" textile strikeLawrence 1912 – what happened? : Lawrence 1912 – what happened? American Woolen Company speeded up production and reduced wages Mostly women workers Diverse immigrant workforce IWW asked to organize strikeHow the IWW organized: How the IWW organized Set up democratic committee of 50 workers, all nationalities Union supplied food and fuel for 50,000 workers Governor declared martial law IWW says: "Bayonets cannot weave cloth"The Children's Exodus: The Children's Exodus Company tries to starve workers IWW & Socialist Party sends children out of town to other workers New law: no children can leaveHow the strikers won: How the strikers won Elizabeth Gurley Flynn takes children out (against the law) Police beat women and children in front of cameras Police riot enrages public American Woolen Company forced to raise wagesBread and Roses (1912) strike song: Bread and Roses (1912) strike song Lyrics James Oppenheim, 1912 Slide35: As we go marching, marching in the beauty of the day, A million darkened kitchens, a thousand mill lofts gray Are touched with all the radiance that a sudden sun discloses, For the people hear us singing: "Bread and Roses! Bread and Roses!" As we go marching, marching we battle too for men, For they are women's children and we mother them again. Our lives shall not be sweated from birth until life closes. Hearts starve as well as bodies; give us bread but give us roses.Slide36: As we go marching, marching we battle too for men, For they are women's children and we mother them again. Our lives shall not be sweated from birth until life closes. Hearts starve as well as bodies; give us bread but give us roses. As we go marching, marching unnumbered woman dead Go crying through our singing their ancient call for bread. Small art and love and beauty their drudging spirits knew. Yes, it is bread we fight for, but we fight for roses too!Slide37: As we go marching, marching we bring the greater days. The rising of the women means the rising of the race, No more the drudge and idler, ten that toil where one reposes But a sharing of life's glories: Bread and roses! Bread and roses!