Cigarette Smoking and Its Ill Effects

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Visited “RESOURCE CENTRE FOR TOBACCO CONTROL”, Chennai. Visited German clinic in “DUBAI HEALTH CARE CITY” and collected valuable research material. A visit to APOLLO HOSPITAL, Chennai. Conducted interviews with experts in the field of medicine. Discussion with a few smokers in the city of Chennai. An Interview with a Duty Free Shopkeeper in the Jeddah International Airport. An interview with a quitter at the Tobacco Cessation clinic in Chennai. A visit to the Ragas Dental College, Chennai.

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Smoking is a process by which a substance, most commonly tobacco is burned or tasted…….is the Wikipedia definition… Let us dump Wikipedia for a moment and look at the REAL facts… About 80, 000 adolescents start smoking everyday. (WHO 2010) Every 8 seconds someone dies from tobacco use.(WHO 2010) About 10 million cigarettes are sold every minute.(WHO 2010)

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Article 4: It is not allowed for any person to promote or advertise for any tobacco products in any way that encourages its consumption, as per the regulation. Article 5: It is prohibited to do any of the following activities: It is prohibited to do any of the following acts: 1. Sell or attempt to sell tobacco or any of its products to those less than 18 years of age. The vendor selling tobacco has the right to request from the buyer to present evidences of his/her age. 2. Sell or attempt to sell sweets and toys that look like tobacco or any of its products. Sale or attempted sale of sweets and games that are similar to tobacco products. 3. Smoking while driving with the present of a child less than 12 years of age. Smoking during driving the private car in presence of child did not exceed twelve-years-old. Article 7: It is prohibited to smoke in closed public spaces. The Federal Law Governing Smoking in The UAE – A Few Major Articles

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ILL EFFECTS GRAPHICALLY

Cigarette, Cigarette In My Mouth, I Don’t Know What You Are Made Up Of Till Now: 

Cigarette, Cigarette In My Mouth, I Don’t Know What You Are Made Up Of Till Now

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A smoker ingests a full cup of tar into his lungs every day. Only about 30 percent of cigarette tar is sent back into the air through exhalation; the rest sticks to your throat and lungs like chewing gum. Tar kills healthy lung cells. Deep inside the lungs, cigarette smoke damages the alveoli.

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The blood vessels in the skin constrict when you light up, limiting the amount of oxygen the skin gets. ‘Smoker's face’ is a condition long-term smokers suffer from. The skin may also appear gray in colour, and facial features may appear gaunt. Effects of Nicotine Appetite Suppression Increased Heart Rate Increased Energy Expenditure Increased Growth Hormone Increased Muscle Blood Flow

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Smokers not only commit suicide but murder as well. Almost half of children regularly breathe air polluted by tobacco smoke Over 40% of children have at least one smoking parent Second-hand smoke causes 600, 000 premature deaths per year. In a nutshell, smoking has a very adverse effect on the community.

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The Student Council in keeping with its motto “Inspire-Innovate-Invent" organised an anti-smoking play to spread awareness about the ill effects of smoking. It was a play conducted by the student council members in the senior quadrangle. It focused on the theme of how smoking destroys young lives which had so much potential. It was profoundly insightful and inspiring.

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Lack of Awareness – About 30% of the smokers are not aware of the consequences of smoking and just start smoking. For this what we need is the fineprint at the bottom of the pack to be done away with and be replaced with huge pictures. Peer Pressure – Another 30% of the people get into this habit because of influence from their friends. It is a very widely known fact that some students in our school smoke too.

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Curiosity – It is the experimentation attitude of adolescents that makes them start smoking. They do not care about the consequences and ‘just’ try it out. Think about curiosity kills the cat… Nicotine – The final reason is nicotine addiction which is the most important reason for addiction. Nicotine is highly addictive and provides a platform for tobacco addiction.

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QUITTING –THE AFTERMATH

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Walking along the roads of Chennai we saw a very common sight. Of every 3 people we saw, at least one had a cigarette in hand. So, we fortunately got the chance to interview not 1 but 2 smokers, the first one being a college graduate and the second one being an auto rickshaw driver.

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When did you start smoking? In the 3 rd year of college Are you aware of the consequences of smoking? Yes, I am aware of that, I am trying to quit but… Yes, that’s what I’m trying to do. Have you thought about the money you can save if you quit it? Yes…. But it just costs 5 rupees a day to smoke and… Yes, we can save money in one way but I’m hooked. Have you tried any of the alternatives to help you quit? I know about them but I don’t know whether they are really helpful as I have not tried them. According to you, why do people get addicted to tobacco? Well, they believe that smoking relieves them of tension and stress which is not actually true. And who influenced you to start smoking? Not influence, actually it was on my own. (Full Interview can be viewed in the attached DVD) Mr. Rajesh

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When did you start smoking? From when I was young, about 8-9 years old. Why did you start smoking? I was influenced by my friends. Are you aware of the consequences of smoking? I just do it for pleasure. What about the money you can save when you don’t smoke? I think that if I earn I can smoke, I don’t take anyone’s permission. (Full Interview can be viewed in the attached DVD with translation) Mr. Deepak

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We conducted interviews with experts at the research centre for tobacco control in Chennai, 1 of the only 6 centres in India. We interviewed, Dr. Vidhubala – Director, Research Centre For Tobacco Control. Dr. Surendran – Member, Research Centre For Tobacco Control. Dr. Haneef , General Practitioner

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What are your views on smoking and its ill effects? Well speaking with facts and not views, tobacco has got 4000 chemicals in it of which 200 are carcinogens. Directly or indirectly, its going to affect the human body in one or other way. There are 54 major diseases associated with tobacco. Tobacco is an accepted social behaviour by adults and as they keep using it the children keep on imitating and there is an endless cycle. 11-20 is the key age for starting the use of tobacco. Hardly 5 % use tobacco after that. Nicotine is highly addictive. Compared to marijuana, hashish, alcohol, nicotine is double the times more addictive than these substances. How fast do you think they get addicted? If a person consumes it for about 4-5 times its enough for him to get addicted. Out of 100 people trying to quit smoking, only 1 succeeds. What steps do you take here to help people quit smoking? We have behavioral counseling, psychological intervention and nicotine replacement therapy. After they quit, we have a support group where quitters can share their experiences with smokers and help them out with troubles they face during smoking. (Full Interview can be viewed in the attached DVD) Dr. Vidhubala

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How soon can people get addicted to tobacco? It depends, for example if a person takes a cigarette a day it is not much, but if he takes about 3 a day it can cause serious, passive smoking. What is the success rate of treatment here? 26 – 30% What are your views on the impact of smoking on the society? Smoking has a very adverse effect on the society. It is just like a disease, it spreads from one person to another. (Full Interview can be viewed in the attached DVD) Dr. Surendran

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What kind of patients do you get here? Smokers!!! All kinds of them. They come complaining about minor problems such as cough, cold etc. but sometimes they even come with major diseases. Do they listen to your advice on quitting smoking? Most of the time they don’t, unfortunately. And what alternative do you suggest? Well I know of the nicotine patch and the nicotine gum. But they are not very successful. If cigarettes are so bad, Why doesn’t the government ban them? Political Pressure. ( Full Interview can be viewed in the attached DVD ) Dr. Haneef

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The doctor at the centre arranged a meeting with a person who had quit smoking and was visiting the centre on that day for diagnosis. Although he did not allow his picture and video to be taken, Here’s what he had to say . For how long had you been smoking? For about 10 years. Why did you decide to quit? My family dragged me to this centre. Ha Ha … And What alternatives did you use to quit? I took… I mean I am taking 4-5 nicotine gums everyday. And what does it take to quit smoking? Tolerance and willpower and it causes irritability.

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A healing therapy for smoking Pharmacotherapy for tobacco cessation. It is divided into: Nicotine Replacement Therapy Non – Nicotine Agents: Anti Craving Medicines. The nicotine replacement therapy includes the use of nicotine gum and patches while non nicotine therapy include medicines such as Bupropion or Nortryptiline or Selegeline .

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Bupropion is a smoking cessation aid. The drug is an antidepressant as its primary pharmacological action is to reduce the craving of smokers for their cigarettes. After 1 -2 weeks of Bupropion treatment a person is ready to quit. The usual target dose is 300 mg a day for adults. Bupropion and More…

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We finally tried to identify and formulate some solutions which targets the core problem of tobacco availability. Here is what we got. It is feasible and viable for tobacco cultivators to switch over to alternative crops such as cotton, chillies, maize, soya bean etc. The tax collected by the government on tobacco could be used for providing free nicotine gum and medicine for all smokers willing to quit. Parental Interference is another solution to the long line of adolescents who begin to smoke. More countries should ban the advertising of tobacco like UAE (Refer Federal Law). Raising the price of tobacco through taxes is also an option. Regulations on smoking in public places have a desired impact on smoking. Forming a committee in every residential locality and spreading awareness about the adverse effects of smoking.

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Smoking is the silent killer. Wasn’t that cancer? Yes, smoking causes cancer. Smoking tars the lungs like water puts out fire. Smoking is the cause of 25% of deaths worldwide. It is also the cause of 95% of the lung cancer deaths worldwide. Still Smoking? I don’t think so…. So that’s it from us. To conclude, we say…

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Dr. Mohamed Haneef , GP To Mr. Deepak, Auto Rickshaw driver... And to Mr. Rajesh, smoker on the street And to ANONYMOUS “a quitter...” Apollo Hospital, Chennai Dubai Healthcare City Resource Centre For Tobacco Control, Chennai Ragas Dental College, ECR Chennai

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Mohamed Uzair Adil – Interviews and Plan Formulation Abdul Badee – Matter Collection Ananthu Kumar – Video and Project Editing Amulya Gupta – Research Matter Abhishek Kiran – Surveyor Aaron Calvin D’Cunha – Ill Effects Of Smoking Adarsh Agarwal – Project Layout Design Anup Rajesh – Research Videos