9 31

Slide1: 

VOLTAS ENGINEERED OZONE SYSTEMS IN ASSOCIATION WITH RUKS ENGINEERING LIMITED, CANADA PRESENT

WORKSHOP ONENERGY SAVING AND IMPROVEMENT IN INDOOR AIR QUALITY WITH CONTROLLED AND MODULATED  INJECTION OF OZONE  PRESENTED TO : ENERGIUM 2004, MUMBAIByVIJAY M TRILOKEKAR VOLTAS LIMITED : 

WORKSHOP ON ENERGY SAVING AND IMPROVEMENT IN INDOOR AIR QUALITY WITH CONTROLLED AND MODULATED INJECTION OF OZONE PRESENTED TO : ENERGIUM 2004, MUMBAI By VIJAY M TRILOKEKAR VOLTAS LIMITED

Slide6: 

WHY DO WE NEED FRESH AIR ? TO REDUCE THE VOLATILE ORGANIC COMPOUNDS(VOC) TO REMOVE ODOURS TO DILUTE CO2 IN SHORT FRESH AIR IS REQUIRED TO IMPROVE THE INDOOR AIR QUALITY

Slide7: 

HOW DOES FRESH AIR IMPROVE INDOOR AIR QUALITY ? THE OXYGEN IN THE FRESH AIR OXIDISES THE VOC AND ODOURS THE OXYGEN IN THE FRESH AIR ALSO DILUTES THE CO2 IN SHORT , OXYGEN IN THE FRESH AIR DOES THE WORK

Slide8: 

FRESH AIR IS NOT CHEAP ! HOT AND HUMID FRESH AIR NEEDS TO BE COOLED DOWN TO ROOM TEMPERATURE

Slide9: 

LOAD PROFILE OF FRESH AIR 60% TO COOL MOISTURE. WASTED ENERGY 28% TO COOL N2 WASTED ENERGY 12% ENERGY TO COOL OXYGEN THE ONLY USEFUL COMPONENT IN FRESH AIR

Slide11: 

ASHRAE VENTILATION CODE NO 62-1999 MINIMUM 15 CFM PER PERSON 30 CFM PER PERSON IF SMOKING IS PERMITTED

Slide12: 

ENERGY CONSUMED BY FRESH AIR 150 CFM OF FRESH AIR IN MUMBAI WILL REQUIRE 1 TON OF COOLING LOAD THIS WILL CONSUME APPROX. 1 KW ENERGY FOR A WATERCOOLED SYSTEM OR 1.3 KW OF ENERGY FOR AN AIRCOOLED SYSTEM

Slide13: 

HOW CAN WE MINIMISE THIS ENERGY WASTAGE ? USE CONTROLLED INJECTION OF OZONE OZONE IS A POWERFUL OXIDANT. OZONE WILL REMOVE ODOUR, VOC AND EVEN FUNGI BY OXIDATION THUS OXYGEN IN THE FRESH AIR IS PRESERVED.

Slide14: 

HOW CAN WE MINIMISE THIS ENERGY WASTAGE ? AIR QUALITY IMPROVES DRAMATICALLY. OXYGEN IS THUS REQUIRED ONLY TO DILUTE THE CO2 . THIS IS A MUCH SMALLER REQUIREMENT. THUS FRESH AIR CAN BE MODULATED RATIONALLY DOWN TO 5 CFM OR LESS PER PERSON.

Slide15: 

HOW CAN WE MINIMISE THIS ENERGY WASTAGE ? THIS WILL REDUCE THE OVERALL PLANT CAPACITY BY UP-TO 25 %

SCHEMATIC DIAGRAM: 

SCHEMATIC DIAGRAM

Slide19: 

BASICS OF OZONE Ozone Is a Molecule Formed by 3 Atoms of Oxygen With 2 Bonds Oxygen (We Breathe) Is a Molecule Formed With 2 Atoms of Oxygen, and Has 2 Bonds. O2 Is a Very Stable Compound With 2 Bonds Attached. Atomic Binding Is High and Is Difficult to Break. Ozone Is a Very Unstable Compound. Due to the Bonds Not Fully Closed, It Has Great Ability to Draw an Atom of Oxygen From VOC and Stabilize Itself. This Property Is Called Oxidation. Ozone Is the Best Known Oxidizing Compound (56% More Than Chlorine). This Property Is Exploited to Remove VOC From Indoor Space. Ozone Has a Very Short Half Life. At 75 Deg F, It Is 10 Minutes. If Not Oxidized in This Time, It Combines With Another Ozone Molecule and Reverts Back to Oxygen. O3 + O3 = 3O2

PERMISSIBLE OZONE CONCENTRATION: 

PERMISSIBLE OZONE CONCENTRATION If residual concentration exceeds, Ozone is a toxic gas. maximum Permissible Concentration in Occupied space: OSHA: 0.1 ppm ( 100 PPB) Exposure of 8 Hr /day, 5 days a week ASHRAE: 0.05 ppm (50 ppb) FDA: 0.05 ppm ( 50 ppb) Continuous exposure 24 hr/day 365 Days a year

METHODS TO ENSURE CONCENTRATION WITHIN LIMITS: 

METHODS TO ENSURE CONCENTRATION WITHIN LIMITS Use Auto VOC Sensor and Controller Based on the residual VOC Regulate output of ozone Generator Use Ozone Monitor to alarm / trip Ozone Generator in the event of high concentration

MOST IMPORTANT OF ALL: 

MOST IMPORTANT OF ALL Use Multi plate type Corona and DO NOT use Annular tube type Corona Apply line frequency (50/60Hz) and DO NOT apply elevated Frequency on Corona Density of Air Flow over Corona = Density of Air in the Air Duct DO NOT Apply higher Air Density over Corona Sense residual VOC and Ozone in the same gaseous medium as the Corona is in.

Slide23: 

TRANSLATED TO PRACTICAL TERMS, THIS MEANS Use plate type Corona – NOT Annular tube type Mount generator in the Air Duct. DO NOT use Portable or externally mounted generators VOC Sensor, Ozone Sensor and generator should be in the same Air Stream. THESE ARE VERY CRITICAL IN ENSURING RESIDUAL CONCENTRATION IS WELL WITHIN LIMITS.

IMPORTANT FACTORS: 

IMPORTANT FACTORS Production Density of Ozone per Sq In (Sq Cm) of Corona Surface Should be as Low as possible Yet Adequate Ozone Production should be Available This is Assured only by Plate Type Corona and not by Annular Tube Type Corona (For detailed discussion on Plate Type Vs Annular Type Corona, See Ruks Engineering Technical Binder)

Slide25: 

ANNULAR CORONA GENERATOR FIG 1 M = MASS FLOW OF AIR OVER CORONA TUBE V = APPLIED VOLTAGE ACROSS DIELECTRIC F = APPLIED FREQUENCY ACROSS DIELECTRIC Air Flow From Fan M M V, F V, F Annular Corona Tube Applied Line Power Applied Electricity to Corona Tube Solid State Frequency Converter Transformer VOC Sensor Ozone Injection Tube to HVAC Duct

Slide26: 

ANNULAR CORONA GENERATOR FIG 2 INDOOR AIR SPACE RESIDUAL OZONE = 03 RESIDUAL VOC = V SUPPLY AIR DUCT AHU RETURN AIR DUCT VOC SENSOR ANNULAR TUBE OZONE GENERATOR

Slide27: 

PLATE TYPE CORONA GENERATOR FIG 3A M = MASS FLOW OF AIR ACROSS CORONA PLATE V = VOLTAGE ACROSS CORONA PLATE F = FREQUENCY ACROSS CORONA PLATE Supply Air Duct AHU Return Air Duct VOC Sensor M Plate Type Corona (Multiple Plates) M FIG 3 B Typical Corona Plate V, F v V,F

Slide28: 

TYPICAL GRAPH OF VOC AND O3 OVER TIME (WITH ANNULAR TYPE CORONA DISCHARGE) TYPICAL GRAPH OF VOC AND O3 OVER TIME (WITH PLATE TYPE CORONA DISCHARGE) RESIDUAL OZONE REGULATORY MAX.03 RESIDUAL VOC

REDUCTION IN CAPITAL AND OPERATING COSTS: 

REDUCTION IN CAPITAL AND OPERATING COSTS CAPITAL COST Reduction in Fresh Air Reduces HVAC plant capacity size. This reduces the size of: 1 Chiller 2 Cooling Tower 3 Condenser water and chilled water pumps 4 Condenser & chilled water pipe sizes and insulation 5 Electric/Steam Duct Heaters

REDUCTION IN CAPITAL AND OPERATING COSTS(CONTD): 

REDUCTION IN CAPITAL AND OPERATING COSTS (CONTD) THIS ALSO REDUCES THE SIZE OF: 6 Electrical panel board 7 Transformer 8 Cables 9 Stand by diesel generator 10 Plant Room Space (Real Estate)

Slide31: 

TYPICAL REDUCTION IN HVAC PLANT SIZE ATTAINABLE 20 to 30% IS POSSIBLE (Depends on Application, country of operation and other variables) Reduction in Capital Cost of HVAC is often Less Than total investment in Ozone System, Controls and Monitors( excluding import duty )

REDUCTION IN OPERATING COST: 

REDUCTION IN OPERATING COST REDUCTION IN HVAC CAPACITY RESULTS IN REDUCTION OF: Energy used to run HVAC System Water to run HVAC System Cost of Maintenance (Labor and Material) Noise level Rent (Lease) of Real Estate

RETURN ON INVESTMENT: 

RETURN ON INVESTMENT RETURN ON INVESTMENT BASED ON OPERATING COSTS ONLY IS OFTEN LESS THAN 2 YEARS RETURN ON INVESTMENT BASED ON CAPITAL COSTS ONLY COST OF OZONE SYSTEM MAY BE LOWER THAN REDUCTION IN HVAC COST SAVINGS

RETURN ON INVESTMENT: 

RETURN ON INVESTMENT Savings in Operating Costs is Continuous and ongoing savings This compounds Year after Year Investment based only on operating cost is less than 2 years. (Sooner if cost of electricity and water are high)

CONCLUSION: 

CONCLUSION RUKS ENGINEERED OZONE SYSTEM ACHIEVES Dramatic reduction in build up of HC,Toxic Gases, and VOC Dramatic Reduction in Odor Near Total Elimination of Cigarette Smoke. Depletion of Microbial Colonies (Fungi) in Ducts and AHU cooling coils. Eliminates duct cleaning Depletion of Microbial (Fungi) Indoor

CONCLUSION (CONTD): 

CONCLUSION (CONTD) RUKS ENGINEERED SYSTEMS ACHIEVE CO2 Level within limits Significantly improved Indoor Air Quality Elimination of SBS

CONCLUSION (CONTD)ECONOMIC BENEFITS: 

CONCLUSION (CONTD) ECONOMIC BENEFITS DIRECT ECONOMIC BENFITS OF RUKS ENGINEERED OZONE SYSTEMS CAPITAL COST SAVINGS Reduced size and capacity of HVAC systems. Cost of Ruks Engineered Ozone System is often lower than Savings in HVAC plant reduction Net Result: REDUCED CAPITAL COST

CONCLUSION (CONTD)ECONOMIC BENEFITS: 

CONCLUSION (CONTD) ECONOMIC BENEFITS DIRECT ECONOMIC BENFITS OF RUKS ENGINEERED OZONE SYSTEMS OPERATING COST SAVINGS Reduced Energy Cost Reduced Water Cost Reduced Steam/Hot Water Cost Reduced Maintenance Cost

CONCLUSION (CONTD): 

CONCLUSION (CONTD) ENVIRONMENTAL BENEFITS Reduced Fungi and Microbes in Ducts, Cooling Coils and Indoor Reduced Allergy Related Disorders Cleaner Indoor, Cleaner Ducts

Thank You: 

Thank You