Color seminar

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Presented by: 

Presented by American Color Research Center, (ACRC) Inc. Food Colorants

Food Colors In USA: : 

Food Colors In USA: Certified Colors Non-certified Colors

Certified Food Colors : 

Certified Food Colors Every batch has to be certified by FDA Currently listed: Blue #1 Blue #2 Green #3 Red #3 Red #40 Yellow #5 Yellow #6

Non-Certified Colors (natural colors): 

Non-Certified Colors (natural colors) Do not need certificate to sell or use. Most are from nature (Natural Colors) Members Include: Annatto extract Beet juice powder Canthaxanthin Caramel

Non-Certified Colors (natural colors): 

Non-Certified Colors (natural colors) Beta-Apo-8’Carotenal Beta carotene Cochineal extract/carmine Grape color extract Grape skin extract Fruit Juice

Non-Certified Colors (natural colors): 

Non-Certified Colors (natural colors) Vegetable juice Paprika oleoresin Riboflavin Titanium dioxide Turmeric Turmeric oleoresin

Artificial Color vs. Natural Color: 

Artificial Color vs. Natural Color Artificial Colors Obtained by Chemical reactions Relatively stable (in most cases) Less costly to use Health concerns Allergens Cancer risks? Consumer acceptability: Questionable Natural Colors Obtained from nature Processed by physical means May be less stable than synthetic ones May be more costly to use. No health concerns Benefits to health _ Consumer acceptability: Good

Certified Colors (Artificial): 

Certified Colors(Artificial) A Brief Review

Artificial Colors: 

Artificial Colors Blue # 1. Stable Staining: Cloth, mouth, skin

Artificial Colors, cont’d: 

Artificial Colors, cont’d Blue #2: Not stable

Artificial Colors, cont’d: 

Artificial Colors, cont’d Red #3: Purplish red Not stable to acid (precipitation) Not stable to light

Artificial Colors, Cont’d: 

Artificial Colors, Cont’d Red # 40: Strawberry-like red Not stable to reducing agent (ascorbic acid) Reacts with proteins causing discoloration

Artificial Colors, Cont’d: 

Artificial Colors, Cont’d Yellow #5 Bright greenish yellow (lemon-like) Stable to light and heat Not stable to reducing agents Tends to react with proteins—discoloration Health concerns: Allergen Cancer risks? Hyperactivity

Slide 14: 

Yellow #6 Orange-like color Reacts with reducing agents and proteins-discolorations

Non-certified Colors (Natural Colors): 

Non-certified Colors(Natural Colors) A brief review

Annatto: 

Annatto Two forms commercially available: Bixin.

Natural Colors : 

Natural Colors Annatto extract. Extracted from annatto seeds, Bixa orellna L., a tropical bush.

Annatto: 

Annatto Bixin Color in final foods: orange. Solubility: oil soluble. Stability: Light stability: Fair. Heat Stability: good under 130 oC.

Annatto, cont’d : 

Annatto, cont’d Bixin, cont’d Applications: fatty or oily foods, including Snack Cake and other bakery Butter Popcorn oil

Annatto, Cont’d: 

Annatto, Cont’d Norbixin Solubility water soluble in neutral or alkaline solution Precipitates in acidic solutions (pH<5). Stability: Light stability: fair Heat Stability: good under 130 oC Acid stability: poor

Annatto, Cont’d : 

Annatto, Cont’d Norbixin, Cont’d Applications Cheese Bakery Snacks Confectionery Others

Annatto, Cont’d: 

Annatto, Cont’d Problems with annatto applications: Precipitation in acidic solutions “Pinking” in cheese discoloration

Annatto, Cont’d : 

Annatto, Cont’d Our solutions: Non-pinking annatto color for cheese Photo 5. Cheese paste colored with ACRC annatto color (left) and competitor's annatto color (right), and then exposed to partial sun light for 3 weeks.

Annatto, cont’d : 

Annatto, cont’d Our solution: Acid-stable annatto emulsion for beverages

Beet Juice Concentrate: 

Beet Juice Concentrate Obtained from red beet roots

Beet Juice Concentrate: 

Beet Juice Concentrate Solubility: water soluble

Beet Juice Concentrate: 

Beet Juice Concentrate Stability: Light: good Heat: Poor. Will not survive during heat processing in most cases pH: almost no effect

Beet Juice Concentrate: 

Beet Juice Concentrate Applications: Ice Cream Ice bar Hard candy Dry Beverage mixes (in powder form) Noodle/pasta

Beta carotene/natural mixed carotenes: 

Beta carotene/natural mixed carotenes Synthetic or extracted from natural source, plants or algae

Beta carotene/natural mixed carotenes: 

Beta carotene/natural mixed carotenes Solubility Oil soluble Our Solution: Made water-dispersible.

Beta carotene/natural mixed carotenes: 

Beta carotene/natural mixed carotenes Stability: Heat stability: Good Light stability: Poor We have stabilized version of carotene emulsions

Beta carotene/natural mixed carotenes: 

Beta carotene/natural mixed carotenes Photo 1.Stability comparison. Both were boiled, hot filled and exposed to outdoor direct sunlight for 5 days. PH 2.3 Left: ACRC natural carotenes. Right: Control (a competitor’s sample) Our Solution: Stabilization. Left: ACRC, Right: A competitor’s product. Both were exposed to sunlight for 5 days

Beta carotene/natural mixed carotenes: 

Beta carotene/natural mixed carotenes Stability, cont’d Setting: easy to form rings in beverage bottle neck. Our Solution: We have developed ringing-free emulsions for beverage applications.

Caramel: 

Caramel Source: Reaction products of carbohydrates during heating Usually ammonium and sulfate are added Negatively charged Positively charged We supply ammonium- and sulfur-free caramel, the “natural” caramel

Caramel: 

Caramel Stability Light: very stable Heat: very stable Acid: use acid stable type

Caramel : 

Caramel Applications: Beverage Bakery Snack Confectionery Others

Cochineal Extract: 

Cochineal Extract Source Extracted from cochineal (dactylopius coccus costa)

Cochineal Extract: 

Cochineal Extract Stability Light: excellent Heat: excellent pH: poor Orange in acidic pH Purple in neutral pH Blue in alkaline pH

Cochineal Extract: 

Cochineal Extract Acid-stable cochineal extract ACRC developed excellent acid-stability of our cochineal extract: Can be boiled in 10% citric acid or even 0.01N HCL for at least 3 hrs. Does not precipitate in acidic beverages

Cochineal Extract: 

Cochineal Extract Acid-stable cochineal extract Competitors’ acid-proof cochineal extracts: Fade in 0.3% citric acid solution on boiling Precipitate in beverage and cause discoloration

Cochineal Extract : 

Cochineal Extract Left: Control (An acid proof cochineal extract from a competitor) in 0.3% citric acid solution. The original red color faded away after exposure. Center: ACRC 1162-ralb in 1.0% citric acid solution. The original red color did not fade. Right: ACRC 1162-ralb in 0.01N HCL. The original red color did not fade.

Carmine: 

Carmine Source: Aluminum/calcium lake of carminic acid, the coloring component in cochineal extract In powder form, insoluble in water, soluble in alkaline water.

Carmine: 

Carmine

Carmine: 

Carmine Carmine solution is not acid stable: Discoloration Precipitation

Carmine: 

Carmine Applications: Surimi Sea food Pasta Bakery-pie fillings Candy Gelatin Pudding

Grape Color Extract : 

Grape Color Extract Sources: Extract of precipitated lees of Concord grape juice during storage Solubility: Water

Grape Color Extract: 

Grape Color Extract Stability: Light: good Heat: fair pH: poor Acidic: red to purple Neutral: purple Alkaline: blue

Grape Color Extract: 

Grape Color Extract Applications: Non-beverage foods Pie filling Fruit preparation others

Grape Skin Extract (Enochianina): 

Grape Skin Extract (Enochianina) Source Extract of deseeded marc, remaining after grapes have been pressed for juice or wine. Solubility: water

Grape Skin Extract (Enochianina): 

Grape Skin Extract (Enochianina) Stability: Light: good Heat: fair pH: poor Acidic: red to purple Neutral: purple Alkaline: blue

Grape Skin Extract (Enochianina): 

Grape Skin Extract (Enochianina) Applications: Beverages Still Carbonated Alcoholic

Fruit juice: 

Fruit juice Source: Mature, edible fruits Elderberry Black currant Blackberry Others

Fruit juice: 

Fruit juice Coloring components: anthocyanins

Fruit juice: 

Fruit juice Solubility: Water

Fruit Juice: 

Fruit Juice Stability: Light: good Heat: fair pH: color changes heavily as pH changes Acidic: red Neutral: purple Alkaline: Blue

Fruit Juice: 

Fruit Juice Stability, cont’d Heat and light stability also changes as pH changes Acidic: stable Neutral: instable Alkaline: very instable

Fruit Juice: 

Fruit Juice Stability, Cont’d pH Stability The color intense also changes as pH changes The lower the pH is, the darker the color is. Ascorbic acid accelerates anthocyanin degradation.

Fruit juice: 

Fruit juice Applications Beverages Fruit preparation Tomato paste Others

Vegetable Juice : 

Vegetable Juice Source: Fresh or dehydrated vegetables Red cabbage Red radish Black carrot Purple yam

Vegetable juice: 

Vegetable juice Coloring components Anthocyanins

Vegetable Juice: 

Vegetable Juice Solubility: Water

Vegetable juice: 

Vegetable juice Stability: Light: good Heat: fair pH: color changes heavily as pH changes Acidic: red Neutral: purple Alkaline: Blue

Vegetable Juice: 

Vegetable Juice Stability, cont’d Heat and light stability also changes as pH changes Acidic: stable Neutral: instable Alkaline: very instable

Vegetable Juice: 

Vegetable Juice Stability, Cont’d pH Stability The color intense also changes as pH changes The lower the pH is, the more condense the color is. Ascorbic acid accelerates anthocyanin degradation.

Red Cabbage Color: 

Red Cabbage Color

Cabbage Color: 

Cabbage Color One of the most stable anthocyanin colors Purplish red in acidic solution Low odor version available Both liquid and powder forms available

Cabbage Color: 

Cabbage Color Wide applications Beverage Tomato paste Pizza topping Fruit preparations Snack foods Dairy Confectionery

Red Radish Color: 

Red Radish Color

Red Radish Color: 

Red Radish Color One of the most stable anthocyanin colors red in acidic solution Low odor version available Both liquid and powder forms available

Red Radish Color: 

Red Radish Color Keeps red at higher pH up to 6 0038-ralb in a model rice beverage, pH 6.0

Red Radish Color: 

Red Radish Color Wide applications Beverage Tomato paste Pizza topping Fruit preparations Snack foods Dairy Confectionery

Paprika Oleoresin: 

Paprika Oleoresin Source: Extracted from red pepper

Red Pepper: 

Red Pepper Solubility: Oil soluble ACRC made it water dispersible

Paprika Oleoresin: 

Paprika Oleoresin Stability Light: Fair. We have stabilized version Heat: good

Paprika Oleoresin : 

Paprika Oleoresin Special features: Solvent-free, CO2 extracted available Organic-suitable paprika oleoresin available Stabilized version against light is available

Paprika Oleoresin: 

Paprika Oleoresin Applications: Seasoning Snack Salad dressing Popcorn Beverage Confectionery Others

Turmeric Oleoresin (Curcumin): 

Turmeric Oleoresin (Curcumin) Source: Extracted from curcuma longa L., a member of ginger family.

Turmeric Oleoresin (Curcumin): 

Turmeric Oleoresin (Curcumin) Coloring component: Curcumin and curcuminoids

Turmeric Oleoresin (Curcumin): 

Turmeric Oleoresin (Curcumin) Solubility Fat and alcohol soluble Cold water insoluble Commercially dissolve curcumin in polysorbate-80 or –60 to make it water dispersible

Turmeric Oleoresin (Curcumin): 

Turmeric Oleoresin (Curcumin) Stability: Heat: good Light: poor pH: color hue change with pH Greenish in acidic pH Orange yellow in neutral pH More stable in acidic pH than in neutral or alkaline pH

Turmeric Oleoresin (Curcumin): 

Turmeric Oleoresin (Curcumin) Color hue: Bright yellow in acidic solution

Turmeric Oleoresin (Curcumin): 

Turmeric Oleoresin (Curcumin) Applications: Pickle Bakery Confectionery Others Snack Pudding Gelatin Gummy bear Yogurt Popcorn Finger foods

Lutein, Xanthophyll: 

Lutein, Xanthophyll Source: Extracted from marigold flowers Synthetic

Lutein : 

Lutein A member of carotenoids

Lutein: 

Lutein Solubility: Oil soluble We made it water-dispersible

Lutein: 

Lutein

Lutein : 

Lutein Reasons to use lutein Extended studies have proved the importance of lutein to eye health Antioxidant--a free radical scavenger

Lutein: 

Lutein Applications As a nutritional supplement can be added to all foods (plain in taste and flavor) As a natural colorant: can be added to all food (a bright yellow color in water solution)

Lycopene: 

Lycopene Sources: Synthetic Extracted from nature, plants or microorganisms

lycopene: 

lycopene A member of carotenoids

Lycopene: 

Lycopene Solubility Oil soluble by nature We have successfully made it stabilized and water-dispersible—perfect for beverage and other food applications

Lycopene: 

Lycopene Stable non-ringing lycopene in beverage

Lycopene: 

Lycopene Properties Benefit to prevent prostate cancer An antioxidant—free radical scavenger Beautiful orange color in beverage

Lycopene: 

Lycopene Applications As a nutritional supplement, It can fortify every food. As a natural colorant, it can color every food

Our Contributions Emulsions of natural mixed carotens and beta carotene A non-pinking cheese color A Our Achievements : 

Our ContributionsEmulsions of natural mixed carotens and beta caroteneA non-pinking cheese colorA Our Achievements Our Contributions Stable, non-ringing emulsions of natural mixed carotenes beta carotene lutein lycopene paprika

Our Achievements(Con’d): 

Our Achievements(Con’d) A non-pinking cheese color A natural green color (for neutral pH only) A natural blue color (for neutral pH only) A real acid-proof cochineal extract red color A stable orange powder for chewable tablets—plain in taste and flavor

Our Achievements: 

Our Achievements Natural Green Color

Our Achievements: 

Our Achievements A stable orange Color for chewable tablets

Special Items We Offer: 

Special Items We Offer Low odor red cabbage color Low odor red radish color CO2 extracted paprika oleoresin

Factors to consider when coloring: 

Factors to consider when coloring Coloring targets How to match it Stability Storage conditions Shelf-life requirements Process conditions pH Ingredients inter-reactions Color compatibility

Factors to consider when coloring: 

Factors to consider when coloring Color-ingredient compatibility Special chemical existence Ascorbic acid Certain minerals Proteins Kosher requirements Price/costs

Factors to consider when coloring: 

Factors to consider when coloring Consumer acceptability Natural? Artificial

What we can Help: 

What we can Help We do the jobs for you at no extra charge: Custom blending Stabilization Selection right items Custom formulation to fit your requirements Let us take care of your coloring research work!

Flavors : 

Flavors We make all flavors Vanilla fruit vegetable dairy bakery confectionery

Flavors: 

Flavors Beverage Beverage mix Snack others

Thank You For Being with Us!: 

Thank You For Being with Us! Back to Home Page Back to Start