ShipToAverage

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Slide1: 

“Ship-to-Average“ by Matthias Pauli Thomas Drtil Claus Reeker Stefan Lier Christopher Vine Fernando Cruz BMW Project

Plant Spartanburg: 

Plant Spartanburg ~140,000 vehicles in 2004 Over 6,000 part numbers for X5 70% option driven 40% of parts from Europe

Slide3: 

Supply Chain

Challenges: 

Challenges

Demand Variability*: 

Demand Variability* Standard Deviation: 42/day Mean Demand: 78/day *) Data of engine #7781905-00, high runner

BMW policy: Ship-to-forecast: 

Order Arrival BMW policy: Ship-to-forecast

Inventory: 

Inventory On-hand inventory* with ship-to-forecast: constant level? *) Data of engine #7781905-00, high runner

Forecast error: 

Forecast error Why try to chase the daily forecast? %

Different forecasts*: 

Different forecasts* *) Data of engine #7781905-00 , high runner

Approach: Ship-to-average: 

Approach: Ship-to-average Don’t ship to daily forecast Consider a longer forecast period instead “Keep shipments constant, let the inventory swing“ Goals: #1) Minimum impact on total avoidable costs #2) More stability for the supply chain

Basic Implementation: 

Basic Implementation Always ship average quantity! What happens to the inventory*? *) Data of engine #7781905-00, high runner

How to control the inventory?: 

How to control the inventory? Inventory Position Time Max. Inventory Position Inflate shipments: Avg. forecast (x weeks) * inflation factor Deflate shipments: Avg. forecast (x weeks) * deflation factor (almost) constant shipment quantities !

Which Part analyzed?: 

Which Part analyzed? Part Engine #7781905-00 High runner Policy # of weeks for average: 3 Max. Inventory Position: 2509 Inflation/deflation: 1.8%

Performance Overview: 

Performance Overview How does ship-to-average perform for this engine:

Shipment Comparison: 

Shipment Comparison ship-to-forecast ship-to-average (shipment adjustment: 66%) (shipment adjustment: 14%) = shipment quantity changes more than 10% compared to previous one Shipment adjustments happen in 14% of all shipments

What’s next?: 

What’s next? Goals achieved! Optimized policy works. But how robust is the result? What are the trade-offs? How do the 3 parameter… # of weeks for average Max. inventory position Inflation/deflation factor … influence the result?

Sensitivity Analysis: 

# of weeks for average: Sensitivity Analysis

Sensitivity Analysis: 

Sensitivity Analysis Max. Inventory Position:

Sensitivity Analysis: 

Sensitivity Analysis Inflation/deflation factor:

Summary Table : 

Summary Table

Advantages: 

Advantages Small cost reduction compared to current ship-to-forecast policy Less variation in order quantities Less bullwhip effect Easier operations for Spartanburg/ Wackersdorf/ upstream suppliers Facilitates negotiation with transportation partner

Limitations of the study: 

Limitations of the study Simulation vs. reality Restricted original data sets provided Small number of parts considered Constant shipment frequency assumed (once per week)

Recommendations: 

Recommendations Run pilot to check performance: pick high runner with relatively stable demand over time Analyze larger set of parts Evaluate cost savings upstream Evaluate trade-off between higher savings and increasing expediting

Q&A: 

Q&A