logging in or signing up visual perception 1 Ulisse Download Post to : URL : Related Presentations : Share Add to Flag Embed Email Send to Blogs and Networks Add to Channel Uploaded from authorPOINTLite Insert YouTube videos in PowerPont slides with aS Desktop Copy embed code: Embed: Flash iPad Dynamic Copy Does not support media & animations Automatically changes to Flash or non-Flash embed WordPress Embed Customize Embed URL: Copy Thumbnail: Copy The presentation is successfully added In Your Favorites. Views: 5572 Category: Entertainment License: All Rights Reserved Like it (2) Dislike it (0) Added: January 14, 2008 This Presentation is Public Favorites: 7 Presentation Description No description available. Comments Posting comment... By: isniatun (26 month(s) ago) Hi... I need this PPT. can you share it to my email please Saving..... Post Reply Close Saving..... 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The brain An Introduction to Visual Perception! The brain: THE BRAIN The brain receives information from the retina, then using a hierarchical method processes this information using different parts of the brain e.g. lateral geniculate nucleus and the primary and secondary visual cortex of the brain. The main problem with visual perception is that it is not simply a translation of the image seen by the retina, making it difficult for scientists to explain what we actually see. The brainSlide4: This can be altered by previous experiences. The Chairs theory It can effect the way you see a situation. The Taxi theory It is used in media to make you have the opinion of someone that they want you to have. The Bad guys/good guys theorySlide5: Human Vision Human vision is not the only way the world is seen, Animals see the world in different ways. some animals don’t even see the world but rely on other senses e.g. bats and dolphins Flies have what’s known as composite eyes, a TV run at 25 frames per second but to a fly this is very slow. birds such as hawks can see up to 8 times further than a human. The range of distance is measured in dioptres, a child’s is 14, an old persons is 1, however a diving bird’s vision is 50 dioptres. field of vision also is limited on a human to between 160-240, where as a hare’s field of vision is 360. Different creatures vary the amount of brain is dedicated to vision, the octopus dedicates 50% to sight but we still don’t know how other creatures make sense of what there eyes see. No single creature can see all what others can. We forget that the human world of vision is only one such world. Slide6: Homo significans The world is seen in different ways by different creatures, as humans we put a large emphasis on visuals. We do not always believe our eyes, we know that a pencil in a glass jar will look bent and that a moon closer to the horizon will appear bigger and that there are such things as optical illusions. Humans as a species are driven by a desire to find meaning. This relates to the title, because as humans we are all “homo significans”- meaning makers. This is proved with a few simple shapes and lines, that the mind strives to find meaning in. What do you see here: Your more likely to see five pairs close together than 4 pairs more spaced with a line either side spare. We do this because the brain puts the closer objects together.herman: Hermann Von Helmholtz, seen as the founder of visual perception studies believed vision was a form of unconscious inference, (Inference is the act or process of deriving a conclusion based solely on what one already knows) Two well known assumptions are that light comes from above and that objects are viewed from above, not below. Visual illusions are where this process goes wrong e.g… Hermann Von Helmholtz hermanThe Scintillating grid illusion: The Scintillating grid illusion Black spots will seem to appear very quickly at the intersections.Optical illusion: Optical illusion Focus on the black dot and move your head back and forth This creates the illusion that two circles are movingGestalt Theory: Gestalt Theory The Gestalt Theory originally came about in the 1890’s. Gestalt is German for “Shape/Form/Likeness” There are 3 main Gestalt psychologists: Max Wertheimer (Is credited as the founder of the movement of Gestalt Psychology) Wolfgang Köhler Kurt Koffka The concept of Gestalts Psychology was originally foundered by an Austrian psychologist called Christian Freiherr von Ehrenfels The major problem with the Gestalt laws and principles are that they are mainly descriptive and not explanatory.Gestalt Theory: Gestalt Theory The Gestalt Principles can be split into 3 groups: Figure and Ground Similarity, Proximity, Common Fate and Good Continuity Closure, Area and Symmetry Gestalt Theory: Gestalt Theory Figure and Ground explains how we put different elements together to make one scene or a whole image. “Figure” is the more dominant shape. “Ground” can be referred to as the Background. What do you see this image as? A Goblet on a Black background A Black Silhouetted Profile on a White background. Once you have identified the figure, the rest of the image becomes the ground. Camouflage is most likely a breakdown in the figure ground perception. When the dominant shape is so much like the ground it disappears from view. Can you spot the bird? FIGURE AND GROUND The most famous “Figure and Ground” image is the one by the Danish psychologist Edgar Rubin. Gestalt Theory: Gestalt Theory When we have similar objects of size, shape and colour again we form groups. This image is grouped together Squares and Circles by colours SIMILARITYGestalt Theory: Gestalt Theory When objects which are closer to each other we tend to associate them together to form groups. You will see columns rather than You will see rows rather than rows columns Real life example. MTV Music awards. We group this image into 2 parts, the top left this shows us this is the MTV music awards, and the bottom right which groups together the sponsors of the awards. PROXIMITYGestalt Theory: Gestalt Theory Objects which are facing the same direction or appear to be travelling in the same direction are usually grouped together. The arrows which are pointing in a Again the lines facing upwards tend common direction are usually grouped to be grouped together. together. COMMON FATEGestalt Theory: Gestalt Theory Seeing things as a whole is important however seeing in a whole is not necessarily what we are meant to see. What do you see here? CONTINUITYGestalt Theory: Gestalt Theory Seeing things as a whole is important however seeing in a whole is not necessarily what we are meant to see. What do you see here? Well there are two answers. Continuity makes us see 2 lines crossing BUT Is it actually 4 lines, A-O, O-D, C-O and O-B CONTINUITYGestalt Theory: Gestalt Theory If we have a large pattern with missing components we tend to fill in the missing parts to create the image we actually see. When joined you can see a triangle. This image can be seen as an “S” shape Looking at this object we tend to form a 3D sphere. If you look closely this image looks like the snake. These two images can be closed together to form a circle and a square. Real Life example. WWF Logo / IBM Logo This image can be closed This image creates the to make a panda illusion of 3 letters, I, B and M CLOSUREGestalt Theory: Gestalt Theory This principle shows us that when areas are overlapping, the smallest area is seen as the figure and the larger is the ground. When we look at this object, we see this as one object on top of the another instead of a hole in the larger area. We can reverse this perception by adding shading. On a black larger object we now see is hole. AREAGestalt Theory: Gestalt Theory Objects which are symmetrical, we are more likely to group them together. This principle also describes looking at an image and perceiving it as a whole figure instead of it’s individual parts. What do you see here? 2 Overlapping diamonds 2 Large diamonds and 1 small diamond 2 L-Shapes and 1 diamonds If you are viewing this according to the principle you are Most likely viewing this as 2 overlapping diamonds. SYMMETRYGestalt Views In Psychology: Gestalt Views In PsychologyConclusion: ConclusionAny Questions?: Any Questions? Watch the black cross To see the green circle You do not have the permission to view this presentation. In order to view it, please contact the author of the presentation.
visual perception 1 Ulisse Download Post to : URL : Related Presentations : Share Add to Flag Embed Email Send to Blogs and Networks Add to Channel Uploaded from authorPOINTLite Insert YouTube videos in PowerPont slides with aS Desktop Copy embed code: Embed: Flash iPad Dynamic Copy Does not support media & animations Automatically changes to Flash or non-Flash embed WordPress Embed Customize Embed URL: Copy Thumbnail: Copy The presentation is successfully added In Your Favorites. Views: 5572 Category: Entertainment License: All Rights Reserved Like it (2) Dislike it (0) Added: January 14, 2008 This Presentation is Public Favorites: 7 Presentation Description No description available. Comments Posting comment... By: isniatun (26 month(s) ago) Hi... I need this PPT. can you share it to my email please Saving..... Post Reply Close Saving..... Edit Comment Close By: umanashte (27 month(s) ago) hi,ppt is excellent it is very helpful for me and its very urgent can u send this ppt to umanashte@gmail.com ,it helping me a lot,thanks Saving..... Post Reply Close Saving..... Edit Comment Close By: bryan26june (28 month(s) ago) plss i need thois.. can you help me plss send it to my e mail Saving..... Post Reply Close Saving..... Edit Comment Close By: lightwave (30 month(s) ago) Hi, can you share your ppt and send to junaedi_mulawardana@yahoo.com, it helping me a lot.. thanks Saving..... Post Reply Close Saving..... Edit Comment Close By: rageswarireddy (30 month(s) ago) ppt is excellent-rghv.prasad@gmail.com Saving..... Post Reply Close Saving..... Edit Comment Close loading.... See all Premium member Presentation Transcript Front page: Front pageThe brain: What is visual perception? “visual perception is the end product of vision” It can be described as the way the brain interprets what the eyes see. The brain An Introduction to Visual Perception! The brain: THE BRAIN The brain receives information from the retina, then using a hierarchical method processes this information using different parts of the brain e.g. lateral geniculate nucleus and the primary and secondary visual cortex of the brain. The main problem with visual perception is that it is not simply a translation of the image seen by the retina, making it difficult for scientists to explain what we actually see. The brainSlide4: This can be altered by previous experiences. The Chairs theory It can effect the way you see a situation. The Taxi theory It is used in media to make you have the opinion of someone that they want you to have. The Bad guys/good guys theorySlide5: Human Vision Human vision is not the only way the world is seen, Animals see the world in different ways. some animals don’t even see the world but rely on other senses e.g. bats and dolphins Flies have what’s known as composite eyes, a TV run at 25 frames per second but to a fly this is very slow. birds such as hawks can see up to 8 times further than a human. The range of distance is measured in dioptres, a child’s is 14, an old persons is 1, however a diving bird’s vision is 50 dioptres. field of vision also is limited on a human to between 160-240, where as a hare’s field of vision is 360. Different creatures vary the amount of brain is dedicated to vision, the octopus dedicates 50% to sight but we still don’t know how other creatures make sense of what there eyes see. No single creature can see all what others can. We forget that the human world of vision is only one such world. Slide6: Homo significans The world is seen in different ways by different creatures, as humans we put a large emphasis on visuals. We do not always believe our eyes, we know that a pencil in a glass jar will look bent and that a moon closer to the horizon will appear bigger and that there are such things as optical illusions. Humans as a species are driven by a desire to find meaning. This relates to the title, because as humans we are all “homo significans”- meaning makers. This is proved with a few simple shapes and lines, that the mind strives to find meaning in. What do you see here: Your more likely to see five pairs close together than 4 pairs more spaced with a line either side spare. We do this because the brain puts the closer objects together.herman: Hermann Von Helmholtz, seen as the founder of visual perception studies believed vision was a form of unconscious inference, (Inference is the act or process of deriving a conclusion based solely on what one already knows) Two well known assumptions are that light comes from above and that objects are viewed from above, not below. Visual illusions are where this process goes wrong e.g… Hermann Von Helmholtz hermanThe Scintillating grid illusion: The Scintillating grid illusion Black spots will seem to appear very quickly at the intersections.Optical illusion: Optical illusion Focus on the black dot and move your head back and forth This creates the illusion that two circles are movingGestalt Theory: Gestalt Theory The Gestalt Theory originally came about in the 1890’s. Gestalt is German for “Shape/Form/Likeness” There are 3 main Gestalt psychologists: Max Wertheimer (Is credited as the founder of the movement of Gestalt Psychology) Wolfgang Köhler Kurt Koffka The concept of Gestalts Psychology was originally foundered by an Austrian psychologist called Christian Freiherr von Ehrenfels The major problem with the Gestalt laws and principles are that they are mainly descriptive and not explanatory.Gestalt Theory: Gestalt Theory The Gestalt Principles can be split into 3 groups: Figure and Ground Similarity, Proximity, Common Fate and Good Continuity Closure, Area and Symmetry Gestalt Theory: Gestalt Theory Figure and Ground explains how we put different elements together to make one scene or a whole image. “Figure” is the more dominant shape. “Ground” can be referred to as the Background. What do you see this image as? A Goblet on a Black background A Black Silhouetted Profile on a White background. Once you have identified the figure, the rest of the image becomes the ground. Camouflage is most likely a breakdown in the figure ground perception. When the dominant shape is so much like the ground it disappears from view. Can you spot the bird? FIGURE AND GROUND The most famous “Figure and Ground” image is the one by the Danish psychologist Edgar Rubin. Gestalt Theory: Gestalt Theory When we have similar objects of size, shape and colour again we form groups. This image is grouped together Squares and Circles by colours SIMILARITYGestalt Theory: Gestalt Theory When objects which are closer to each other we tend to associate them together to form groups. You will see columns rather than You will see rows rather than rows columns Real life example. MTV Music awards. We group this image into 2 parts, the top left this shows us this is the MTV music awards, and the bottom right which groups together the sponsors of the awards. PROXIMITYGestalt Theory: Gestalt Theory Objects which are facing the same direction or appear to be travelling in the same direction are usually grouped together. The arrows which are pointing in a Again the lines facing upwards tend common direction are usually grouped to be grouped together. together. COMMON FATEGestalt Theory: Gestalt Theory Seeing things as a whole is important however seeing in a whole is not necessarily what we are meant to see. What do you see here? CONTINUITYGestalt Theory: Gestalt Theory Seeing things as a whole is important however seeing in a whole is not necessarily what we are meant to see. What do you see here? Well there are two answers. Continuity makes us see 2 lines crossing BUT Is it actually 4 lines, A-O, O-D, C-O and O-B CONTINUITYGestalt Theory: Gestalt Theory If we have a large pattern with missing components we tend to fill in the missing parts to create the image we actually see. When joined you can see a triangle. This image can be seen as an “S” shape Looking at this object we tend to form a 3D sphere. If you look closely this image looks like the snake. These two images can be closed together to form a circle and a square. Real Life example. WWF Logo / IBM Logo This image can be closed This image creates the to make a panda illusion of 3 letters, I, B and M CLOSUREGestalt Theory: Gestalt Theory This principle shows us that when areas are overlapping, the smallest area is seen as the figure and the larger is the ground. When we look at this object, we see this as one object on top of the another instead of a hole in the larger area. We can reverse this perception by adding shading. On a black larger object we now see is hole. AREAGestalt Theory: Gestalt Theory Objects which are symmetrical, we are more likely to group them together. This principle also describes looking at an image and perceiving it as a whole figure instead of it’s individual parts. What do you see here? 2 Overlapping diamonds 2 Large diamonds and 1 small diamond 2 L-Shapes and 1 diamonds If you are viewing this according to the principle you are Most likely viewing this as 2 overlapping diamonds. SYMMETRYGestalt Views In Psychology: Gestalt Views In PsychologyConclusion: ConclusionAny Questions?: Any Questions? Watch the black cross To see the green circle