Ben Lane tax with attitude

Taxing Cars with AttitudeLowCVP - Low Carbon Road Transport Challenge: 

Taxing Cars with Attitude LowCVP - Low Carbon Road Transport Challenge Dr Ben Lane, Ecolane Transport Consultancy Professor Stephen Potter, Open University Dr James Warren, Open University A new approach to designing effective low carbon car taxation

Scope and objectives of presentation: 

140 gCO2/km ACEA target unlikely to be met (T&E 2006) UK annual gCO2/km reduction = 1.1% (SMMT 2006) Scope and objectives of presentation How can we increase rate of adoption of lowC cars? Focus on attitudinal response to price signals Propose graduated distance/PAYD charge (p/mile)

Slide3: 

Decision-making process for private car sector Factors reported when deciding what car to buy (DfT 2004) Attitudes to the environment Awareness and concern about climate change >75% DfT 2003; Walton 2004; DfT/ONS 2006 What interventions are most effective? ‘Attitude-behaviour gap’ Drivers are just as likely to be very concerned for the environment even if they drive a highly polluting vehicle

Slide4: 

Attitudes to emissions Depreciation Sales Package Dealership Environment Vehicle Emissions Road tax Alternative fuels Vehicle Price Fuel consumption Size/Practicality Reliability Comfort/Safety Running costs Style/Appearance DfT 2003; Bibbings/WCC 2004; LowCVP 2005 Education/ information Increase VED bands Car purchase factors Moderate awareness / poor understanding of low carbon options Air quality >important than climate change VED band differentials: ~£150 for 55% shift ~£300 for 72% shift

Slide5: 

Attitudes to costs Depreciation Sales Package Dealership Environment Vehicle Emissions Road tax Alternative fuels Vehicle Price Fuel consumption Size/Practicality Reliability Comfort/Safety Running costs Style/Appearance Increase transparency of ‘mpg’-cost-CO2 link Kurani 2002; ; RAC 2004; LowCVP 2005; DfT 2006 Car purchase factors Accept >£1000/yr increase in annual costs  smaller car Costs too complex to compute (eg ‘mpg’  p/m) Few car buyers use ‘mpg’ when making purchase Motorists use ‘mpg’ as a proxy for running costs and environmental impact

Slide6: 

“Information, on its own, will only change consumer behaviour in a few exceptional cases” (Bibbings/WCC 2004) Collins 2003; Demos 2003; Bibbings/WCC 2004; DEFRA 2005; Santos 2006 Company car tax gradient ~£10/gCO2-yr Increase cost elasticity -0.7–1.0 (London CC) (Santos 2006)

Slide7: 

Vehicle price FED VED Aligning car tax with user attitudes

Slide8: 

Vehicle price FED Aligning car tax with user attitudes PAYD charge banded by vehicle CO2 Shift revenue

Slide9: 

Vehicle price Aligning car tax with user attitudes PAYD charge banded by vehicle CO2 Shift revenue Harmonise FED rates for all fuels

Slide10: 

Aligning car tax with user attitudes PAYD charge banded by vehicle CO2 Shift revenue Harmonise FED rates for all fuels Self-financing system of capital feebates

Slide11: 

Impact of graduated PAYD charge

Slide12: 

Impact of graduated PAYD charge

Slide13: 

Impact of graduated PAYD charge

Slide14: 

Taxing cars with attitude - Summary PAYD charge banded by vehicle CO2 Shift revenue Harmonise FED rates for all fuels Self-financing system of capital feebates

Slide15: 

Taxing cars with attitude - Summary