ANS653poultry 4

Turkeys: 

Turkeys

Turkeys: 

Turkeys America’s most important avian contribution to global economy. Spanish explorers brought turkeys from Central America to Spain in early 1500s. English colonists brought them back to North America.

Slide3: 

Narragansett Turkey

Three Major Genetic Changes in Commercial Turkeys: 

Three Major Genetic Changes in Commercial Turkeys Broad breasted White plumage c - recessive white at color locus Large BW (further processing)

Slide5: 

Bronze Turkey

Slide6: 

White Holland Turkey

Increases in Poult Number: 

Increases in Poult Number A.I. (90%) Photoperiod regulation Nutrition Incubator (80% hatchability)

Turkey Quantitative Traits: 

Turkey Quantitative Traits Trait Heritability Body weight .40 Body conformation # Sexual maturity .50 Semen volume .36 Broodiness .35 Egg number .25

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Trait Heritability Fertility .35 Hatchability .25 Viability .05 Egg weight .50 Feed efficiency .30 Edible meat yield # Phenotypic deformities

Heritability Estimates of Edible Yield in Turkeys: 

Heritability Estimates of Edible Yield in Turkeys

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A = shank length B = keel length C = body depth

Conformation Trait Heritabilities and Correlations with Turkey Body Weight: 

Conformation Trait Heritabilities and Correlations with Turkey Body Weight

Turkey Market Weight: 

Turkey Market Weight W.M. Muir and S.E Aggrey , eds., Poultry Genetics, Breeding and Biotechnology, CABI Publ. 2003

DUCK BREEDING: 

DUCK BREEDING Three Commercial Types Domestic duck – Anas platyrhynchos Muscovy duck – Cairina moschata Mulard – sterile cross Major Products Meat Eggs Down/feathers

GOOSE BREEDING: 

GOOSE BREEDING Extremely small total market Little global distribution Low reproductive traits Down/feathers of some breeds have more value than the meat

OSTRICH BREEDING: 

OSTRICH BREEDING Until recently, monopolized by S. Africa In US, limited germplasm and scientific knowledge Challenges: high early mortality, poor hatchability 3 varieties Red-neck (largest) Blue-neck S. African blacks (best feathers) Products Meat Hide Feathers Proven breeding pairs (2-year-olds) can sell for up to $10,000 - $25,000