Slide 1:www.soulcare.org Sid Galloway Chapter 14 Animal Behavior Section 14.1 Why do animals behave as they do? Section 14.2 Patterns of behavior The Life Science of Creation Studying God’s World (Science) in the Light of God’s Word (Scripture)Mr. Galloway


Slide 2:www.soulcare.org Sid Galloway Dr. Robert Beach, MD Mr. Galloway’s High School Biology Teacher from 1974 Dr. Beach is now the director of the Nephrology Department at the University of Texas Medical School


Remember, competition and survival of the cruelest was NOT God’s design!:www.soulcare.org Sid Galloway Remember, competition and survival of the cruelest was NOT God’s design!


Section 14.1 Why do animals behave as they do?:www.soulcare.org Sid Galloway Section 14.1 Why do animals behave as they do? Nephesh = the biblical (Hebrew) term for creatures who can think and feel. The same term is translated as living soul for humans and creature for animals. Plants do not have nephesh and are merely organic machines designed for food. Animals (at least complex ones) have nephesh life But animals cannot think about God. So they cannot sin against God.


Slide 5:www.soulcare.org Sid Galloway Behavior = consists of all the actions an animal performs Stimulus is a signal that causes an organism to react in some way. Response is the reaction of the organism to the stimulus


Slide 6:www.soulcare.org Sid Galloway Reproductive Survival – Most behaviors help an animal survive in order to reproduce. (Examples: ducklings follow mother, earthworms avoid light, etc) Instinct = an inborn behavior pattern that the animal performs correctly the first time. instincts do not need to be learned Examples: obtaining food, avoiding predators, finding a mate, etc


Slide 7:www.soulcare.org Sid Galloway Learning = process that leads to change in behavior as a result of practice or experience Conditioned Learning associates or connects a stimulus with a good or bad event Example: Pavlov’s dog drooling when he heard a bell associated with meat


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More on Learning . . .:www.soulcare.org Sid Galloway More on Learning . . . Trial and Error Learning occurs through repeated practice, like riding a bike. Examples: young lions must play hunt and practice hunting to be successful at it Insight Learning occurs when a problem is solved in the mind, without trial and error. Example: a chimp that thinks up a way to stack boxes to get food on a high shelf


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Even more on Learning . . .:www.soulcare.org Sid Galloway Even more on Learning . . . Imprinting = involves both instinct and learning and occurs when very young animals learn to follow and bond with the first moving object they see. It helps to ensure bonding with the animal’s own species. Once imprinting occurs, it cannot be changed. A bird who imprinted on a scientist, Kondrad Lorenz, regularly tried to feed him worms, which is an instinctive behavior among social birds.


Imprinting of Ducklings:www.soulcare.org Sid Galloway Imprinting of Ducklings


Geese Imprinted on Lorenz:www.soulcare.org Sid Galloway Geese Imprinted on Lorenz


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Section 14.2 Patterns of behavior:www.soulcare.org Sid Galloway Section 14.2 Patterns of behavior Aggression – used to compete for limited resources, like food or shelter Territories – established to exclude competing members of the same species


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Courtship – ensures males and females of the same species recognize one another and mate:www.soulcare.org Sid Galloway Courtship – ensures males and females of the same species recognize one another and mate


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Slide 22:www.soulcare.org Sid Galloway Cooperation as a group can have survival advantage in protection, getting food, etc Society = a group of closely related animals of the same species working together for the benefit of the whole group


Slide 23:www.soulcare.org Sid Galloway Communication - many different methods of animal communication Chemicals (pheromones) Sounds (elephants’ subsonic sound waves) (tiger chuffing is a friendly greeting) Body postures (a dog or wolf jumping down with its front legs straight out and low to the ground means it wants to play) “The Bee Wiggle Dance” communicates the direction and distance to a food source


Dog Language::www.soulcare.org Sid Galloway Dog Language:


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Cycles of Behavior:www.soulcare.org Sid Galloway Cycles of Behavior Circadian Rhythms = behaviors that occur daily at the same time each day or night Hibernation = a period of inactivity during winter Migration = travel to places each year for better food or for breeding


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