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Introduction: 

Introduction Farmers have become more vulnerable lawsuits than at any time in the past. Lawsuits may be filed by property owners that have suffered damages. And some states they aren’t directly damages. Civil and criminal penalties, including heavy fines and imprisonment. The Insurance carried by farmers may not cover environmental liability. So it is wise to keep written records.

Slide2: 

Another area of growing concern for farmers and ranchers is the Endangered Species Act. When a species is declared to be endangered and a particular area is considered to be a critical habitat for that species, than all humans activity in that area must be stopped. This includes all farmers or ranching activities.

Slide3: 

Property rights of individuals are coming under increasing attack by environmental groups that are urging more government control. Some farm groups are working to secure legislation that will help protect private rights.

Slide4: 

Some states are more closely regulating the disposal of medical waste such as needles, syringes, scalpel blades, and blood vials that are used in the treatment of livestock. Containers that are puncture and leak resistant are available from veterinarians and local health departments. The medical waste is placed in the special container and then shipped to an approved infectious medical waste facility.

Slide5: 

Animals smells do harm the environment. And that can also damage the livestock. And over all they are the right kind of investment for the farmers.

The Solid Waste Act of 1965: 

The Solid Waste Act of 1965 It was amended in 1970 The act sets up federal guidelines for solid waste management It includes the management of animal manure

Objectives to waste management: 

Objectives to waste management

Objectives of waste management: 

Objectives of waste management Animal manure must be handled so that odors, dust, flies, rodents,and other nuisances are controlled. Nitrate problems in water supply caused by nitrogen in the manure must also be prevented.

Slide9: 

The system of waste handling must not allow the waste to be dumped into streams, rivers, lakes, or reservoirs. The waste must be in a form that is easily handled and disposed of without causing health and safety hazards to people or animals. The main objective of manure handling is to prevent surface and ground water pollution. Biological and chemical treatments of animal waste are to expensive for farmers to use. Generally, the waste musts be held in some way until they can be properly disposed of on the land.

Slide10: 

http://www.ianr.unl.edu/pubs/wastemgt/g531.htm

Answer to number 3: 

Answer to number 3 The Federal Water Quality Act of 1965, requires states to have water quality standards. The Refuse Act of 1899, gives the United States Army Corps of Engineers control over some animal waste pollution problems. The Solid Waste Act of 1965, sets up federal guidelines for solid waste management. The Federal Clean Air Act, establishes national air quality standards. makes the states primarily responsible for making sure that these standards are met. State Laws, Most states have set up some type of environmental protection agency.

Manure: 

Manure Gases and odors are given off by animal manure. This is caused by anaerobic bacteria breaking down the organic part of the manure.anaerobic bacteria work when no oxygen is present. The gases produced can be dangerous to people and animals in a confinement facility. Odors may cause people who live close to the farm to take legal action against the farmer.

Manure: 

Manure Holding pond is a temporary storage area for runoff. It is not designed for waste treatment. It should be big enough to hold the runoff from the maximum 24-hour rainfall expected once in 10 years. In drier parts of the United States, the holding pound can be an evaporation.

Feedlot Runoff Control: 

Feedlot Runoff Control

In open Feedlot: 

In open Feedlot Runoff is caused by rainfall or snow melting. A great deal of manure is carried off the feedlot by running water. Many states have laws to prevent runoffs from being channeled to a stream.

Five ways to prevents runoffs: 

Five ways to prevents runoffs Diversion prevent surface water form getting into the feedlot Drainage having the waste drained to a bit Debris Basins used to catch runoffs from the pen including solids Detention ponds temporary storage for the waste Disposal taking the animal waste and using it to fertilize the land

Horse manure: 

Horse manure Horse manure in streams and wetlands causes a heavy impact on the environment. It clouds the water and the high nutrient content causes an unbalanced vegetation growth. This lowers the water quality and creates a poor environment for fish and other wildlife. Even if you don't have a stream on your property, contaminated runoffs from manure and soil erosion can eventually make their way into a local lake or creek. Poor management of horses can cause other damage to the environment such as eroded stream banks and slopes, overgrazed pastures, compaction of soil, and weed invasion