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Virtual Learning & Personality : 

Virtual Learning andamp; Personality Susan A. Santo Doctoral Student University of Virginia October 1999

Introduction: 

Introduction Virtual learning is 'simply a better way to teach and learn.' - Phillips, V. (1996). Internet World, September. … But is it better for everyone? Who is likely to succeed? Can we help students likely to have difficulties?

Research Question: 

Research Question What role does personality play in influencing an individual’s experiences in an asynchronous course?

Pilot Study: 

Pilot Study Qualitative study at George Mason University, Fairfax, Va. Advanced Composition online course Spring andamp; Summer semesters, 1999 Instructor: Mary Lou Crouch 8 case studies

Personality Traits: 

Personality Traits Dimensions of individual differences in tendencies to show consistent patterns of thoughts, feelings, andamp; actions

NEO Personality Inventory - Revised (PI-R): 

NEO Personality Inventory - Revised (PI-R) Developed by Paul Costa, Jr., andamp; Jeff McCrae Measures normal adult personality 5 factors of personality 6 facet traits within each factor Personality change rare after 30

The Five Factors of Personality: 

The Five Factors of Personality Neuroticism Extraversion Openness Agreeableness Conscientiousness

Distribution of traits in population is along a continuum.: 

Distribution of traits in population is along a continuum.

1) Neuroticism: 

1) Neuroticism Anxiety Angry Hostility Depression Self-Consciousness Impulsiveness Vulnerability

2) Extraversion: 

2) Extraversion Warmth Gregariousness Assertiveness Activity Excitement-Seeking Positive Emotions

3) Openness: 

3) Openness Fantasy Aesthetics Feelings Actions Ideas Values

4) Agreeableness: 

4) Agreeableness Trust Straightforwardness Altruism Compliance Modesty Tender-mindedness

5) Conscientiousness: 

5) Conscientiousness Competence Order Dutifulness Achievement Striving Self-Discipline Deliberation

Virtual Learning Problems: 

Virtual Learning Problems Low participation Lack of collaboration Panic rather than problem solving Not following directions Language andamp; culture Convenience as motivator

Implications: 

Implications Personality acts as a filter of experience. Anxiety about technological problems was an impediment. Students who were self-conscious and introverted preferred online communication. Openness affects willingness to learn new technology.

Implications (cont.): 

Implications (cont.) Online learning was seen as isolating andamp; task-oriented, not person-oriented. Online communication magnified problems of group work, possibly due to low agreeableness. Some students lacked the self-discipline to complete work on time that met standards.

Recommendations: 

Recommendations Give a pre-course tutorial on Internet skills. Provide an online Help Desk. Offer pre-course counseling for students, including peer counseling. Limit class size for greater instructor/student communication.

Recommendations (cont.): 

Recommendations (cont.) Be as specific as possible with instructions andamp; requirements. Use online icebreakers. Require a certain level of online participation per week. Discuss typical group work problems andamp; how to solve them.