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Geography of Africa: Geography of Africa Africa Unit
The Continent of Africa: The Continent of Africa
Five Geographic Regions of Africa: Five Geographic Regions of Africa Africa Unit
North Africa: North Africa
North Africa: North Africa
West Africa: West Africa
West Africa: West Africa
East Africa: East Africa
East Africa: East Africa
South Africa: South Africa
South Africa: South Africa
Central Africa: Central Africa
Central Africa: Central Africa
Countries of Africa: Countries of Africa Africa Unit
Slide16: How well do you know the countries of Africa? Click on the words above to play a review game.
Desertification: Desertification Desertification – The spreading of a desert region
The region of Sahel is most affected by the spreading desert.
Great Rift Valley: Great Rift Valley Great Rift Valley – 4,000 mile giant fault, or break in the earth’s crust. From Red Sea to Zambezi River.
Evidence has found that the earliest Africans first lived in this area.
Rivers: Rivers
Climate and Diversity: Climate and Diversity
Geography of Africa Review: Geography of Africa Review
Early Civilizations of Africa: Early Civilizations of Africa Africa Unit
Where Civilization Began: Where Civilization Began
Bantu Migration: Bantu Migration
Kingdom of Kush (Nubia): Kingdom of Kush (Nubia) Approximately 2000 B.C. – 200 A.D.
Kush and Nubia are the same place
It developed along the Nile River in present day Sudan
Fought with Egypt over control of the Nile River
Kingdom of Kush (Nubia): Kingdom of Kush (Nubia)
Slide34: These are the pyramid of Ancient Nubia. They were used as tombs. Although they are similar to those of Ancient Egypt, they have some differences. Compare these pyramids with those of ancient Egypt.
Slide35: Nubian Pyramids
Slide36: I K W T N D One reason little was known about the culture was that they did not write down their history until late in ancient times. Another reason is that they were isolated geographically. Outside people would need to cross harsh desert or many waterfalls, called cataracts, to reach Nubia. Nubian writing was similar to Egyptian writing but developed into a completely separate language later in time.
Kingdom of Axum: Kingdom of Axum Black Africans
Approximately 300 A.D. – 900 A.D.
Important center of trade
Kingdom of Axum: Kingdom of Axum
Axum / Kush Venn Diagram: Axum / Kush Venn Diagram
The Gold – Salt Trade: The Gold – Salt Trade
Slide42: Ghana became a rich and powerful nation, especially when the camel began to be used as a source of transport. Ghana relied on trade and trade was made faster and bigger with the use of the camel.
Empire of Ghana: Empire of Ghana
Empire of Ghana: Empire of Ghana
The Empire of Ghana: The Empire of Ghana
Slide47: After 700 AD, the religion of Islam began to spread over northern Africa. Followers of this religion are called Muslims. Muslim warriors came into Ghana and fought with the non-Islamic people there. This weakened the great civilization of Ghana. Local warriors then decided to break away from the power of Ghana and form their own local kingdoms. This ended many of the trade networks. This eventually weakened the civilization of Ancient Ghana. Islamic Mosque in Ghana
Empire of Ghana Falls: Empire of Ghana Falls
The Empire of Mali is Born: The Empire of Mali is Born
The Empire of Mali: The Empire of Mali
Influence of Islam: Influence of Islam
Slide53: Perhaps the greatest king of Mali was Mansa Musa (1307-1337). He developed the gold and salt trade of Mali and his kingdom became very powerful and rich. In 1324 Mansa Musa made a pilgrimage to Mecca, with 60,000 followers and 80 camels carrying more than 4,000 pounds of gold to be distributed among the poor.
Slide54: When Mansa Musa died there were no kings as powerful as he was to follow. Eventually a group of people known as Berbers came into the area and other people came up from the south to form the kingdom of Songhay. The Berbers still live in North Africa. This picture, taken in 1893, shows a Berber group.
Ghana / Mali Venn Diagram: Ghana / Mali Venn Diagram
Kingdom of Songhay (Songhai): Kingdom of Songhay (Songhai) 1450A.D. – 1600A.D.
The Golden Age of Africa
The people of Songhay were farmers and fisherman who lived along the Niger River of West Africa.
Sunni Ali: Sunni Ali By 1464 – Sunni Ali, gained power in Gao
Because of the fall of Mali traders could not travel safely
Sunni Ali was looking to restore order
Sunni Ali based his military on a cavalry that conquered Timbuktu, and the other major cities of the Mali.
Askia Muhammad: Askia Muhammad
Kingdom of Songhai: Kingdom of Songhai
The Fall of Songhay: The Fall of Songhay Songhai fell in 1591 to invaders from Morocco
They were attracted to Mali’s wealth
The Morocco soldiers won because they had guns and cannons
Why was this the Golden Age?: Why was this the Golden Age?
The Forest Kingdom of Benin: The Forest Kingdom of Benin
The Forest Kingdom of Benin (Bronze Art): The Forest Kingdom of Benin (Bronze Art)
Early African Culture: Early African Culture Africa Unit
Family Ties: Family Ties Farming and herding societies consisted of extended families
Kinships created strong bonds and a sense of community
Structure of African Society: Structure of African Society
Inheritance and Descent: Inheritance and Descent
Status of Women: Status of Women
Patterns of Government: Patterns of Government
Economic Organization: Economic Organization Most villagers were subsistence farmers – They produced only enough food for their own needs with little or no surplus
Fallow – allowing the land to regenerate important minerals needed to grow crops
Land was community property
The Age Grade System: The Age Grade System
African Religions: African Religions
Animism: Animism
Diviners and Healers: Diviners and Healers Rooted in Tradition
Their purpose was to explain the cause of misfortune
Experts in herbal medicine
Today, doctors study the roots and herbs used in traditional African healing
The Slave Trade: The Slave Trade Africa Unit
How Does The Slave Trade Begin?: How Does The Slave Trade Begin?
How Does The Slave Trade Begin?: How Does The Slave Trade Begin?
Triangular Slave Trade: Triangular Slave Trade
Triangular Slave Trade: Triangular Slave Trade
The Middle Passage: The Middle Passage
Triangular Slave Trade: Triangular Slave Trade
The Atlantic Slave Trade: The Atlantic Slave Trade
Negros for Sale?: Negros for Sale?
Why was there a slave trade?: Why was there a slave trade?
Ending the Slave Trade: Ending the Slave Trade
Why did the slave trade end?: Why did the slave trade end?
African Diaspora: African Diaspora The slave trade sent millions of Africans overseas this created a scattering of individuals
Survivors struggled to hold on to their culture
African people and their culture of food, music, dance, and tradition was spread across a wide area.
Age of Imperialism: Age of Imperialism Africa Unit
Imperialism (Colonialism) (Colonization): Imperialism (Colonialism) (Colonization)
Main Cause of African Imperialism: Main Cause of African Imperialism
Causes of African Imperialism: Causes of African Imperialism
Slide97: The White Man's Burden
By Rudyard Kipling
Take up the White Man's burden-- Send forth the best ye breed-- Go, bind your sons to exile To serve your captives' need; To wait, in heavy harness, On fluttered folk and wild-- Your new-caught sullen peoples, Half devil and half child. Take up the White Man's burden-- In patience to abide, To veil the threat of terror And check the show of pride; By open speech and simple, An hundred times made plain, To seek another's profit And work another's gain. Take up the White Man's burden-- The savage wars of peace-- Fill full the mouth of Famine, And bid the sickness cease; And when your goal is nearest (The end for others sought) Watch sloth and heathen folly Bring all your hope to nought. Take up the White Man's burden-- No iron rule of kings, But toil of serf and sweeper-- The tale of common things. The ports ye shall not enter, The roads ye shall not tread, Go, make them with your living And mark them with your dead. Take up the White Man's burden, And reap his old reward.
Boers (Dutch) vs. British: Boers (Dutch) vs. British
The Berlin Conference: The Berlin Conference
The Scramble for Colonies: The Scramble for Colonies
New Patterns of Government: New Patterns of Government
African Independence : African Independence Africa Unit
Steps to African Independence: Steps to African Independence
Steps to African Independence: Steps to African Independence
Kenya Fights for Independence: Kenya Fights for Independence
Kenya Fights for Independence: Kenya Fights for Independence
Apartheid in South Africa: Apartheid in South Africa Africa Unit
Origins of Apartheid: Origins of Apartheid
The Republic of South Africa: The Republic of South Africa
Struggle Against Apartheid: Struggle Against Apartheid
Apartheid Ends: Apartheid Ends
If Everyone Cared No. 1 on VH1’s Top 20 01/20/2007: If Everyone Cared No. 1 on VH1’s Top 20 01/20/2007