SAAS Gianessi

Slide1: 

U.S. Biotech Crop Adoption: Who Decides? Leonard Gianessi Crop Protection Research Institute, CropLife Foundation

Transgenic Crops Introduced in the U.S.: 

Transgenic Crops Introduced in the U.S. Herbicide Tolerant Insect Resistant Virus Resistant

Pest Management Decisions: 

Pest Management Decisions What is the most cost-effective solution to pest problems? compare costs compare efficacy What is acceptable for buyers?

U.S. Biotech Crops: 

U.S. Biotech Crops Year % of Acres Introduced 2003 Herbicide Tolerant Soybeans 1996 80 Corn 1997 12 Canola 1999 91 Cotton 1995 75 Insect Resistant Corn 1996 29 Cotton 1996 40 Sweet Corn 1998 <1 Virus Resistant Papaya 1998 52 Squash 1995 ?

Roundup Ready Soybeans:U.S. Adoption: 

Roundup Ready Soybeans: U.S. Adoption % Acres

Roundup Advantages in Soybeans: 

Roundup Advantages in Soybeans Better weed control Improved crop safety Fewer application trips No need for tillage Fewer active ingredients Taller weeds can be killed Less expensive

Canola : 

Canola Biotech Herbicide Tolerant Conventional

Slide8: 

Glyphosate Application 8 Days After Glyphosate Application 5 Weeks After Glyphosate Application

Cotton Weed Control:Mississippi: 

Cotton Weed Control: Mississippi (Pre 1997) # of Herbicide Applications 5/A # of Active Ingredients 5/A # of Tillage Passes 3/A

Cotton: 

Cotton Untreated Biotech Herbicide Tolerant Impact: + $ 132 million in net income

Grower Benefits ofBT Field Corn: 

Grower Benefits of BT Field Corn Borer Pressure Low High Per Acre Yield Increase (bu) + 5 + 10 Benefit + $2 + $12 USEPA, 2001

Slide12: 

Adoption of Bt Corn

Bt CornValue: 

Bt CornValue (bu/A) Low High Texas 3 40 Kansas 5 40 Oklahoma 8 18 Colorado 7 23 Louisiana 4 30

Bt Corn : 

Bt Corn Biotech Insect Resistant Insect Susceptible Impact: + 3.5 billion Lbs./year production

Bt Cotton: 

Bt Cotton Insect Susceptible Biotech Insect Resistant Impact: -1.9 million lbs/yr insecticide use

Roundup Ready Corn Adoption: 

Roundup Ready Corn Adoption % U.S. Acres

Roundup Ready Corn: 

Roundup Ready Corn Low-cost broad spectrum alternatives being used Not available in all important varieties (until recently) Not approved in the European Union

Roundup Ready Corn Adoption: 2003: 

Roundup Ready Corn Adoption: 2003 % Acres

Slide19: 

The genetically modified papaya plants are already being credited with saving an industry that was on its way out New York Times July 20, 1999

Papaya: Infected Tree Removal: 

Papaya: Infected Tree Removal

Papaya: 

Papaya Virus Susceptible Biotech Virus Resistant

Squash: 

Squash Virus Susceptible Biotech Virus Resistant

Sweet Corn: 

Sweet Corn Insect Susceptible Biotech Insect Resistant

Florida Sweet Corn Production: 

Florida Sweet Corn Production Million Lbs/Yr

Spraying Sweet Corn: Florida: 

Spraying Sweet Corn: Florida

Florida Sweet Corn Experiment: 

Florida Sweet Corn Experiment

Bt Sweet Corn Projection: Florida: 

Bt Sweet Corn Projection: Florida 80% of Acreage Reduction of 10 Insecticide Applications/Acre Insect Control Cost Reduction of $40/Acre Production Increase of $125/Acre

Bt Fresh Sweet Corn: 

Bt Fresh Sweet Corn

Future Insect Control Options: Florida Fresh Sweet Corn: 

Future Insect Control Options: Florida Fresh Sweet Corn Continued Use of 10 Insecticide Treatments/Acre? Transgenic Bt Sweet Corn?

Slide30: 

Attribute® brand sweet corn Photo courtesy of Syngenta Seeds

Biotech Crops Approved but not Planted in the U.S.: 

Biotech Crops Approved but not Planted in the U.S. Current Status Sugarbeet: Herbicide Tolerant Seed Available Potato: Insect Resistant No Seed Available Virus Resistant No Seed Available

Sugarbeet: US: 

Sugarbeet: US Conventional Biotech Herbicide Tolerant Potential Impact: - $93 million/year weed control costs

Biotech Herbicide Tolerant Sugarbeets: U.S.: 

Biotech Herbicide Tolerant Sugarbeets: U.S. % Acres Planted 1999 0 2000 0 2001 0 2002 0 2003 0

Slide34: 

Colorado Potato Beetle

Potato: 

Potato Biotech Insect Resistant Insect Susceptible

Potato: 

Potato Biotech Virus Resistant Virus Susceptible

U.S. Acreage:Insect/Virus Resistant Potatoes: 

U.S. Acreage: Insect/Virus Resistant Potatoes 1999 4 % 2000 2 % 2001 0 % 2002 0 %

Insect/Virus Resistant Potatoes: Washington: 

Insect/Virus Resistant Potatoes: Washington Potential Impacts Insecticide Use -130,000 Lb/Yr Insect Control Costs -$600,000/Yr Potato Production +$5 Million/Yr +90 million lbs/Yr

Potato: 

Potato Late Blight Damage

Slide40: 

Fungal Resistant Potato Biotech Fungal Resistant Conventional Fungal Susceptible

Citrus: Texas: 

Citrus: Texas Virus Susceptible Biotech Virus Resistant

Citrus Canker Eradication Programs: Florida: 

Citrus Canker Eradication Programs: Florida Trees Destroyed 1910-1933 258,000 Commercial 1986-1994 88,000 Commercial 1996- 1,200,000 Commercial 600,000 Residential

Citrus Canker: 

Citrus Canker Biotech Bacteria Resistant Bacteria Susceptible

Spraying Antibiotics :Apples: 

Spraying Antibiotics :Apples

Apple: 

Apple Bacteria Susceptible Biotech Bacteria Resistant Potential Impact: 100% reduction in antibiotic use

Florida: Potential Grape Production: 

Florida: Potential Grape Production Florida Ranks #2-3 in Grape/Wine Consumer Purchases Florida has Climate/Soils for Successful Grape Production Currently Florida accounts for 0.01% of U.S. Grape Production U.S. Wine Industry: $ 36 billion/year

Slide48: 

TAMU

Biotech Grape: Bacterial Resistant Gene Marking: 

Biotech Grape: Bacterial Resistant Gene Marking

Tomato Geminiviruses: Florida: 

Tomato Geminiviruses: Florida Reduced Tomato Production by 20% in 1990-1991 At Low Incidence Because of Increased Insecticide Use

Biotech Tomato: 

Biotech Tomato Biotech Virus Resistant Virus Susceptible Under Development at the University of Florida

Current Impacts (8 Case Studies): 

Current Impacts (8 Case Studies) Food and Fiber Production + 4 Billion Lbs. Farm Income + $ 1.5 Billion Pesticide Use - 46 Million Lbs.

Potential Impacts (32 Case Studies): 

Potential Impacts (32 Case Studies) Food and Fiber Production + 10 Billion Lbs. Farm Income + $ 1 Billion Pesticide Use - 117 Million Lbs.