WNVEnterpriseGIS Chicago

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West Nile Virus Surveillance Comprehensive IT Solution Kevin Gibbs GIS Coordinator City of Chicago, Department of Public Health gibbs_kevin@cdph.org 312-747-9610 1

Why West Nile Virus: 

West Nile Virus Surveillance Why West Nile Virus Emerging Complex Health Issue Highly Linked to Geography Using GIS can Prevent Human Infection and Death Creation of a GIS Centric Surveillance Tool was the IT Solution: Integrated Disparate Data Sources Automated Routine Processes Combined Operational and Statistical Analysis while Readying Data for Public Distribution. Team Initiated and Developed by Front Line Staff 2

16+ Participating Organizations: 

West Nile Virus Surveillance 16+ Participating Organizations Chicago Department of Public Health: Environmental Health Communicable Disease Epidemiology Office of Management Information Systems Chicago Business and Information Services, GIS Division Chicago Department of Streets and Sanitation Mayor’s Office and Mayor’s Office WNV Task Force 311 City Services Clarke Mosquito Control Illinois Department of Public Health Centers for Disease Control Illinois Natural History Survey Neighboring Mosquito Abatement Districts (MADs) 3

Program Goal – Why we do this: 

West Nile Virus Surveillance Program Goal – Why we do this The Goal of the West Nile Virus Surveillance Project is to: Help us decide if, when and where to implement control measures which minimize the transmission of the virus to the human population. We do this by: Detecting areas of high West Nile activity Assessing risks 4

Initial Solution Requirements/Goals: 

West Nile Virus Surveillance Initial Solution Requirements/Goals 2002 Illustrated the Need to: Maintain a Single Data Repository Automate Geographic Data Capitalize on Additional Data Standardize Reporting Application Goals: Gather Data from Various Sources in Real-time Process and Summarize Geographic Information Standardize and Disseminate Reports Fully Functional GIS: Analysis (Operational vs. Statistical solution) Management (flexible enough to answer complex queries from media, citizens, and other officials) Media Distribution: Improve speed 5

Initial Solution Achievements: 

West Nile Virus Surveillance Initial Solution Achievements Leverages: Existing City Business Processes and Tools Available Hardware and Software Zero-Cost Seasonal Role-Out (June 1) Achieves: Simplicity Integration of Processes from Disparate Components Real Surveillance Value! 6

Data Sources: 

West Nile Virus Surveillance Data Sources Mosquito Abatement Program: Mosquito Trap Tests 100+ sites Located using GIS and GPS Bi-weekly collections by 10 summer staff Larvicide/Standing Water (200,000+ sites) Adulticide Treatment Areas Communicable Disease Office: Human Cases = Reported to Health Department Geographic Identifier = Patient’s Home Address 311/City Non-Emergency Hotline: Citizen Generated Dead Bird Reports = 25-40 calls/day Streets Dept Collected Dead Bird Samples/Tests = 2 Positives per Ward 7

Process Flow: 

West Nile Virus Surveillance Process Flow 8

Components of the Solution: 

West Nile Virus Surveillance Components of the Solution Hardware: WNV Server (Windows XP) PC Workstations (Windows 2000 & XP) Front End: Microsoft Access Back End Database: Oracle 9i database GIS: ESRI ArcView 9.1 SatScan (v4.0.3) for spatial analysis Trimble GeoXM GPS Other Components: Visual Basic 6.0 Dynamic Link Libraries FTP client Intelligence Dispatcher geocoding engine Java clients for geocoding addresses City of Chicago Non-Emergency hotline, aka 311 or CSR Business Objects Server Communicable Diseases Human Case Database 9

GIS Timeline of Surveillance Week 35, 2005: 

West Nile Virus Surveillance GIS Timeline of Surveillance Week 35, 2005 10

GIS Analysis – 311 Citizen Reported Dead Birds: 

West Nile Virus Surveillance GIS Analysis – 311 Citizen Reported Dead Birds 11

GIS Analysis – 1 Week of 311 Dead Bird Calls: 

West Nile Virus Surveillance GIS Analysis – 1 Week of 311 Dead Bird Calls 12

GIS Analysis – 311 Calls are Summarized to Census Tracts by Kulldorff Spatial Scan Statistic: 

West Nile Virus Surveillance GIS Analysis – 311 Calls are Summarized to Census Tracts by Kulldorff Spatial Scan Statistic 13

GIS Analysis – All Sources of Data Build a Picture of Activity: 

West Nile Virus Surveillance GIS Analysis – All Sources of Data Build a Picture of Activity 14

GIS Analysis – Process Summary & Publication: 

West Nile Virus Surveillance GIS Analysis – Process Summary & Publication 1 2 3 4 5 15

GIS Analysis – Reasoning: 

West Nile Virus Surveillance GIS Analysis – Reasoning 16

Monitoring the Effects of the Intervention (Spraying): 

West Nile Virus Surveillance Monitoring the Effects of the Intervention (Spraying) 17

Why Adopt a GIS Enterprise Model: 

West Nile Virus Surveillance Why Adopt a GIS Enterprise Model Integrates various city services needed for intervention Broadcasts common message and consistent analysis to: Decision makers Operational staff Analytical Staff Public Leverages technology tools developed for use by other city departments for completely different business solutions 18

Strategy for GIS Enterprise Implementation: 

West Nile Virus Surveillance Strategy for GIS Enterprise Implementation 19 CIO’s Role: Facilitate the automation of common processes or surveillance models using a GIS Key Staff: Operational Staff: Define practical need (Field data collection) Analytical Staff: Define process model (Epidemiology) IT Staff: Implement solution, test, and support Use process model to define benefit vs. cost in terms of: Improved ability to target intervention Reduced workload on data entry and analysis Greater functionality of other core IT functions such as billing, reporting, and records management Current project status: Improving data collection through use of GPS and Bar Coding Completing transition to server side processing Web reporting to be added Lessons learned: A GIS Enterprise will greatly improve your ability to quickly and accurately act toward your goal to improve the health of people in your community