logging in or signing up Vermiculture Stella Download Post to : URL : Related Presentations : Share Add to Flag Embed Email Send to Blogs and Networks Add to Channel Uploaded from authorPOINTLite Insert YouTube videos in PowerPont slides with aS Desktop Copy embed code: (To copy code, click on the text box) Embed: URL: Thumbnail: WordPress Embed Customize Embed The presentation is successfully added In Your Favorites. Views: 4466 Category: Education License: All Rights Reserved Like it (10) Dislike it (1) Added: January 10, 2008 This Presentation is Public Favorites: 2 Presentation Description No description available. Comments Posting comment... By: cbinuv (5 month(s) ago) hello, we are an organisation already using vermiculture....wanted to compare your scheme and ours..thanks..cbinuvarghese@gmail.com Saving..... Post Reply Close Saving..... Edit Comment Close By: pvjadav (24 month(s) ago) sir i am a veterinarian working in krishi vigyan kendra in Gujarat(India). we r working for farming community. So for that we need matter of vermiculture and we would like to have your presentation and its really good about your presentation and do the needful. jadavpv@redifmail.com Saving..... Post Reply Close Saving..... Edit Comment Close By: manisha24887 (26 month(s) ago) sir I am student and we have vermicompost as a part of our practicals and I will like to have your presentation for my better understanding. please do the needful. Saving..... Post Reply Close Saving..... Edit Comment Close By: kishan03 (33 month(s) ago) sir we the students are doing a project on vermiculture and we would like to have your presentation and its really good about your presentation and do the needful Saving..... Post Reply Close Saving..... Edit Comment Close Premium member Presentation Transcript Vermiculture: Promote Global Worming!: Vermiculture: Promote Global Worming! Written and designed By Julie Weisenhorn, Teaching Specialist, Department of Horticultural Science, University of Minnesota. December 2000Darwin Earthworms : Darwin Earthworms “The plow is one of the most ancient and most valuable of Man’s inventions; but long before he existed, the land … was regularly ploughed, and still continues to be ploughed, by earthworms. It may be (doubtful) whether there are many other animals which have played so important a part in the history of the world as these lowly, organized creatures. - Charles Darwin, 1881 Presentation Goals: Presentation Goals To understand the importance of the earthworm; To understand the basic biology of the earthworm; To become enthused about the prospects of home vermicomposting. Think about this: : Think about this: How can I change from “waste-ful” to being “waste-free”?Earthworm Taxonomic Details: Earthworm Taxonomic Details Phylum Annelida (Latin for “rings”) Class Chaetopoda Order Oligochaeta Five families Most common to N. America = Lumbricidae 3000 species worldwide Common Species : Common Species Lumbricus terrestis – Night crawler Allolobophora caliginosa – Grey worm Allolobophora chlorotica – Green worm Lumbricus rubellus – Red worm Eisenia fetida – Red Wiggler The Earthworm & History: The Earthworm & History Casts found in Nile River basin = FERTILITY No earthworms native to Minnesota Exotics destroying understory vegetation Darwin, Oliver and Barrett Sir Albert Howard The Rodales Doc Hopp Lifespan of the Earthworm: Lifespan of the Earthworm Lifespan Conservative estimate: 4-8 years Barrett estimates 15+ Mortality by accident Primitive physiology is unchanged Body composition: 70-95% water Balance = protein, fat, minerals absorbed from soil Earthworm Biology 1001: Earthworm Biology 1001 Segmented body “somites” Somites equipped with setae Five “hearts” Cold-blooded Peristonium = mouth Prostonium for pryingEarthworm Biology 1001: Earthworm Biology 1001 Mucus is critical: Holds in moisture Aids in respiration Protects body while burrowing Sperm carrier during reproduction Reproductive System: Reproductive System Hermaphrodites, but not self-fertilizing Mutual exchange of sperm Ova are fertilized in cocoons Clitellum: light-colored band - produces cocoons Cocoons contain ~ 4 eggs Eggs incubate 3 weeks Regeneration: Regeneration Myth: Cut a worm in half and you’ll have two worms Worm needs at least 13 segments Will re-grow body segments (equal number) Nervous System: Nervous System Brain = a knot of nerves Ganglion serve as impulse centers Super sensitive to touch Allows worm to select food, avoid predators and objects, and reproduce; Can feel bird’s footsteps Eyes are sensitive to blue light and skin to ultravoilet rays = burrowing actionDigestive System: Digestive System Eats weight in soil & OM daily Processed in alimentary canal Muscular mixing with enzymes releasing amino acids, sugars, organic molecules; Includes microorganisms Molecules absorbed through intestinal membranes Result: CASTINGS The Internal Earthworm: The Internal EarthwormVermiculture & Vermicomposting: Vermiculture & Vermicomposting Vermiculture is … “the culture of earthworms” Vermicomposting is … “using earthworms and microorganisms to convert organic waste into black, earthy-smelling, nutrient-rich humus.” - Mary AppelhofWhy?: Why? Year-round compost & organic plant fertilizer Reduce, reuse, recycle Non-polluting Profitable commercial business Interesting for all ages Comparison of Composting: Comparison of Composting Organic Matter Temperature Compost bin = 130-160° F; 6-8 months Worm bin = 59-70° F; year-round Air circulation Compost bin = vents + turning Worm bin = vents + worm churnComparison of Composting: Comparison of Composting Moisture Compost bin = rain, hose, organic matter Worm bin = foodstock Microorganisms Compost bin = bacteria + fungi + some worms Worm bin = worm mass + bacteria + fungi, etc. Comparison of Composting: Comparison of Composting Time Compost bin = few months; depends on weather Worm bin = few monthsHow can I vermicompost?: How can I vermicompost? Three E’s: Education Equipment Environment 1st E: Education: 1st E: Education Books Worms Eat My Garbage by Mary Appelhof The Earthworm Book: How to Raise and Use Earthworms for Your Farm and Garden, by Jerry Minnich Extension office bulletins “Earthworm Biology and Production” by the University of California Cooperative Extension, leaflet #28281st E: Education: 1st E: Education Resources on the Internet: The Compost Resource Page http://www.oldgrowth.org/compost Worm Digest http://www.wormdigest.org Cityfarmer http://www.cityfarmer.org Worm Woman (Mary Appelhof’s site) http://www.wormwoman.com 2nd E: Equipment: 2nd E: Equipment Suppliers: The Happy D Worm Ranch http://www.happydranch.com Biological Home Grown Farm http://www.worm-publications.com/biologicalhome.htm The Worm Farm http://www.empnet.com/worms/welcome.htm Worm Bins: Worm Bins Size Construction Plastic vs. Wood construction Commercial Can-O-Worms™ Worm-A-Way® Worm-A-Roo™ Worm Bins: Worm Bins Size Track food waste for a week Allow one square foot of surface per pound of waste Example problem: Five pounds of food waste per week will require 5 ft² of surface. Bin should measure 1’ x 2’ x 3’ (6 ft²) Bin Construction: Bin Construction Wooden Bin Organic Breathes Heavy Deteriorates faster Can be built as furniture No treated lumber or fragrant woods (ie: cedar) Plastic Bin Lightweight Holds moisture Will not rot Requires more holes for aeration Inexpensive Many bins availableCommercial Bins: Commercial Bins Can-O-Worms™ Most popular Enclosed tier system Bottom catch tray & spigot Stackable mesh trays Worms migrate vertically Easy to harvest castings $130.00 incl. shippingCommercial Bins: Commercial Bins Worm-A-Way® Plastic Ventilated Several sizes Lightweight $90-$100 incl. Worms & shipping Commercial Bins: Commercial Bins Worm-A-Roo™ Double bin system Plastic “Migration device” Lightweight $140-$170 incl. Supplies, worms, and shipping 3rd E: Environment: 3rd E: Environment A worm bin must be: Convenient Easily accessible In a well-ventilated location Covered and protected from wind, sun, and animalsBedding: Bedding Various materials: Shredded newspaper Sphagnum Peat Moss Manure Leaf litter Coir (Coconut fiber) Wood chips Dampen bedding with tap water Mix wellBedding: Bedding Possible additions to bedding Calcium carbonate to control pH Do NOT use slaked or hydrated lime Rock dust for grit Zeolite – for grit; also balances pH, controls odors, absorbs ammoniaBin Temperature: Bin Temperature Recommended: 59-77° F A cooler bin … Stays moist Worms appear more active Bedding is thicker May have more mites Easier to maintain consistent conditions A warmer bin Dries out quickly Worms appear more lethargic Bedding appears to be settled Harder to maintain non-ambient temperature Additional moisture requiredBin Care & Maintenance: Bin Care & Maintenance Provide adequate bin and bedding mixture Maintain moisture level Maintain temperature 60-65° F Provide air circulation in bin via adequate holes Provides aeration Controls odors by eliminating anaerobic conditionsFoodstock: Foodstock Variety Bury foodstock under bedding Don’t overload system Maintain aerobic conditions C/N ratioFoodstock: Foodstock DO’s Fruit & vegetable scraps Banana peels Grains & cereals, pasta Tea bags & leaves Cooked eggs & shells Coffee grounds & filters Onions & potatoes Pancakes Banana bread, cake Leaves Plant cuttings DON’Ts Non-Biodegradables Plastic Glass Rubber Pet feces (cats) Toxic materials Ex: orange peels Plant cuttings treated with herbicides or insecticidesFoodstock: Foodstock Meat & Dairy products Worms will consume Not a good idea for indoor system (odiferous) May attract undesirables Can grind up bones (high nitrogen) High N! Other Organisms: Other Organisms Mites & flies Predatory planarians Centipedes & millipedes Enchytraeids (white worms) Springtails Isopods (ie: sowbugs) Bacteria, mold, fungi, etc. Harvesting Vermicompost: Harvesting Vermicompost Worm castings vs. Vermicompost Worm castings are deposits that have moved through the worm’s digestive system; Vermicompost is a combination of : Worm castings OM and bedding at various stages of decomposition Organisms such as worms and cocoons Microorganisms Harvesting Vermicompost: Harvesting Vermicompost Vermicompost supplies: Nutrient-rich organic fertilizer Humus is beneficial to plant growth Humic acid Binding site for plant nutrients Increases soil texture and aggregation Improves permeabilityHarvest Methods: Harvest Methods Dump & Hand Sort Method Lateral Method Vertical MethodThere is no such thing as waste, for one organism’s waste is another’s resource. How can YOU be more waste-free?: There is no such thing as waste, for one organism’s waste is another’s resource. How can YOU be more waste-free? You do not have the permission to view this presentation. In order to view it, please contact the author of the presentation.
Vermiculture Stella Download Post to : URL : Related Presentations : Share Add to Flag Embed Email Send to Blogs and Networks Add to Channel Uploaded from authorPOINTLite Insert YouTube videos in PowerPont slides with aS Desktop Copy embed code: (To copy code, click on the text box) Embed: URL: Thumbnail: WordPress Embed Customize Embed The presentation is successfully added In Your Favorites. Views: 4466 Category: Education License: All Rights Reserved Like it (10) Dislike it (1) Added: January 10, 2008 This Presentation is Public Favorites: 2 Presentation Description No description available. Comments Posting comment... By: cbinuv (5 month(s) ago) hello, we are an organisation already using vermiculture....wanted to compare your scheme and ours..thanks..cbinuvarghese@gmail.com Saving..... Post Reply Close Saving..... Edit Comment Close By: pvjadav (24 month(s) ago) sir i am a veterinarian working in krishi vigyan kendra in Gujarat(India). we r working for farming community. So for that we need matter of vermiculture and we would like to have your presentation and its really good about your presentation and do the needful. jadavpv@redifmail.com Saving..... Post Reply Close Saving..... Edit Comment Close By: manisha24887 (26 month(s) ago) sir I am student and we have vermicompost as a part of our practicals and I will like to have your presentation for my better understanding. please do the needful. Saving..... Post Reply Close Saving..... Edit Comment Close By: kishan03 (33 month(s) ago) sir we the students are doing a project on vermiculture and we would like to have your presentation and its really good about your presentation and do the needful Saving..... Post Reply Close Saving..... Edit Comment Close Premium member Presentation Transcript Vermiculture: Promote Global Worming!: Vermiculture: Promote Global Worming! Written and designed By Julie Weisenhorn, Teaching Specialist, Department of Horticultural Science, University of Minnesota. December 2000Darwin Earthworms : Darwin Earthworms “The plow is one of the most ancient and most valuable of Man’s inventions; but long before he existed, the land … was regularly ploughed, and still continues to be ploughed, by earthworms. It may be (doubtful) whether there are many other animals which have played so important a part in the history of the world as these lowly, organized creatures. - Charles Darwin, 1881 Presentation Goals: Presentation Goals To understand the importance of the earthworm; To understand the basic biology of the earthworm; To become enthused about the prospects of home vermicomposting. Think about this: : Think about this: How can I change from “waste-ful” to being “waste-free”?Earthworm Taxonomic Details: Earthworm Taxonomic Details Phylum Annelida (Latin for “rings”) Class Chaetopoda Order Oligochaeta Five families Most common to N. America = Lumbricidae 3000 species worldwide Common Species : Common Species Lumbricus terrestis – Night crawler Allolobophora caliginosa – Grey worm Allolobophora chlorotica – Green worm Lumbricus rubellus – Red worm Eisenia fetida – Red Wiggler The Earthworm & History: The Earthworm & History Casts found in Nile River basin = FERTILITY No earthworms native to Minnesota Exotics destroying understory vegetation Darwin, Oliver and Barrett Sir Albert Howard The Rodales Doc Hopp Lifespan of the Earthworm: Lifespan of the Earthworm Lifespan Conservative estimate: 4-8 years Barrett estimates 15+ Mortality by accident Primitive physiology is unchanged Body composition: 70-95% water Balance = protein, fat, minerals absorbed from soil Earthworm Biology 1001: Earthworm Biology 1001 Segmented body “somites” Somites equipped with setae Five “hearts” Cold-blooded Peristonium = mouth Prostonium for pryingEarthworm Biology 1001: Earthworm Biology 1001 Mucus is critical: Holds in moisture Aids in respiration Protects body while burrowing Sperm carrier during reproduction Reproductive System: Reproductive System Hermaphrodites, but not self-fertilizing Mutual exchange of sperm Ova are fertilized in cocoons Clitellum: light-colored band - produces cocoons Cocoons contain ~ 4 eggs Eggs incubate 3 weeks Regeneration: Regeneration Myth: Cut a worm in half and you’ll have two worms Worm needs at least 13 segments Will re-grow body segments (equal number) Nervous System: Nervous System Brain = a knot of nerves Ganglion serve as impulse centers Super sensitive to touch Allows worm to select food, avoid predators and objects, and reproduce; Can feel bird’s footsteps Eyes are sensitive to blue light and skin to ultravoilet rays = burrowing actionDigestive System: Digestive System Eats weight in soil & OM daily Processed in alimentary canal Muscular mixing with enzymes releasing amino acids, sugars, organic molecules; Includes microorganisms Molecules absorbed through intestinal membranes Result: CASTINGS The Internal Earthworm: The Internal EarthwormVermiculture & Vermicomposting: Vermiculture & Vermicomposting Vermiculture is … “the culture of earthworms” Vermicomposting is … “using earthworms and microorganisms to convert organic waste into black, earthy-smelling, nutrient-rich humus.” - Mary AppelhofWhy?: Why? Year-round compost & organic plant fertilizer Reduce, reuse, recycle Non-polluting Profitable commercial business Interesting for all ages Comparison of Composting: Comparison of Composting Organic Matter Temperature Compost bin = 130-160° F; 6-8 months Worm bin = 59-70° F; year-round Air circulation Compost bin = vents + turning Worm bin = vents + worm churnComparison of Composting: Comparison of Composting Moisture Compost bin = rain, hose, organic matter Worm bin = foodstock Microorganisms Compost bin = bacteria + fungi + some worms Worm bin = worm mass + bacteria + fungi, etc. Comparison of Composting: Comparison of Composting Time Compost bin = few months; depends on weather Worm bin = few monthsHow can I vermicompost?: How can I vermicompost? Three E’s: Education Equipment Environment 1st E: Education: 1st E: Education Books Worms Eat My Garbage by Mary Appelhof The Earthworm Book: How to Raise and Use Earthworms for Your Farm and Garden, by Jerry Minnich Extension office bulletins “Earthworm Biology and Production” by the University of California Cooperative Extension, leaflet #28281st E: Education: 1st E: Education Resources on the Internet: The Compost Resource Page http://www.oldgrowth.org/compost Worm Digest http://www.wormdigest.org Cityfarmer http://www.cityfarmer.org Worm Woman (Mary Appelhof’s site) http://www.wormwoman.com 2nd E: Equipment: 2nd E: Equipment Suppliers: The Happy D Worm Ranch http://www.happydranch.com Biological Home Grown Farm http://www.worm-publications.com/biologicalhome.htm The Worm Farm http://www.empnet.com/worms/welcome.htm Worm Bins: Worm Bins Size Construction Plastic vs. Wood construction Commercial Can-O-Worms™ Worm-A-Way® Worm-A-Roo™ Worm Bins: Worm Bins Size Track food waste for a week Allow one square foot of surface per pound of waste Example problem: Five pounds of food waste per week will require 5 ft² of surface. Bin should measure 1’ x 2’ x 3’ (6 ft²) Bin Construction: Bin Construction Wooden Bin Organic Breathes Heavy Deteriorates faster Can be built as furniture No treated lumber or fragrant woods (ie: cedar) Plastic Bin Lightweight Holds moisture Will not rot Requires more holes for aeration Inexpensive Many bins availableCommercial Bins: Commercial Bins Can-O-Worms™ Most popular Enclosed tier system Bottom catch tray & spigot Stackable mesh trays Worms migrate vertically Easy to harvest castings $130.00 incl. shippingCommercial Bins: Commercial Bins Worm-A-Way® Plastic Ventilated Several sizes Lightweight $90-$100 incl. Worms & shipping Commercial Bins: Commercial Bins Worm-A-Roo™ Double bin system Plastic “Migration device” Lightweight $140-$170 incl. Supplies, worms, and shipping 3rd E: Environment: 3rd E: Environment A worm bin must be: Convenient Easily accessible In a well-ventilated location Covered and protected from wind, sun, and animalsBedding: Bedding Various materials: Shredded newspaper Sphagnum Peat Moss Manure Leaf litter Coir (Coconut fiber) Wood chips Dampen bedding with tap water Mix wellBedding: Bedding Possible additions to bedding Calcium carbonate to control pH Do NOT use slaked or hydrated lime Rock dust for grit Zeolite – for grit; also balances pH, controls odors, absorbs ammoniaBin Temperature: Bin Temperature Recommended: 59-77° F A cooler bin … Stays moist Worms appear more active Bedding is thicker May have more mites Easier to maintain consistent conditions A warmer bin Dries out quickly Worms appear more lethargic Bedding appears to be settled Harder to maintain non-ambient temperature Additional moisture requiredBin Care & Maintenance: Bin Care & Maintenance Provide adequate bin and bedding mixture Maintain moisture level Maintain temperature 60-65° F Provide air circulation in bin via adequate holes Provides aeration Controls odors by eliminating anaerobic conditionsFoodstock: Foodstock Variety Bury foodstock under bedding Don’t overload system Maintain aerobic conditions C/N ratioFoodstock: Foodstock DO’s Fruit & vegetable scraps Banana peels Grains & cereals, pasta Tea bags & leaves Cooked eggs & shells Coffee grounds & filters Onions & potatoes Pancakes Banana bread, cake Leaves Plant cuttings DON’Ts Non-Biodegradables Plastic Glass Rubber Pet feces (cats) Toxic materials Ex: orange peels Plant cuttings treated with herbicides or insecticidesFoodstock: Foodstock Meat & Dairy products Worms will consume Not a good idea for indoor system (odiferous) May attract undesirables Can grind up bones (high nitrogen) High N! Other Organisms: Other Organisms Mites & flies Predatory planarians Centipedes & millipedes Enchytraeids (white worms) Springtails Isopods (ie: sowbugs) Bacteria, mold, fungi, etc. Harvesting Vermicompost: Harvesting Vermicompost Worm castings vs. Vermicompost Worm castings are deposits that have moved through the worm’s digestive system; Vermicompost is a combination of : Worm castings OM and bedding at various stages of decomposition Organisms such as worms and cocoons Microorganisms Harvesting Vermicompost: Harvesting Vermicompost Vermicompost supplies: Nutrient-rich organic fertilizer Humus is beneficial to plant growth Humic acid Binding site for plant nutrients Increases soil texture and aggregation Improves permeabilityHarvest Methods: Harvest Methods Dump & Hand Sort Method Lateral Method Vertical MethodThere is no such thing as waste, for one organism’s waste is another’s resource. How can YOU be more waste-free?: There is no such thing as waste, for one organism’s waste is another’s resource. How can YOU be more waste-free?