logging in or signing up e-training p4 Transformations and Height StefanKolev Download Post to : URL : Related Presentations : Share Add to Flag Embed Email Send to Blogs and Networks Add to Channel Uploaded from authorPOINT lite Insert YouTube videos in PowerPont slides with aS Desktop Copy embed code: (To copy code, click on the text box) Embed: URL: Thumbnail: WordPress Embed Customize Embed The presentation is successfully added In Your Favorites. Views: 67 Category: Science & Tech.. License: All Rights Reserved Like it (0) Dislike it (0) Added: January 06, 2009 This Presentation is Public Favorites: 0 Presentation Description No description available. Comments Posting comment... Premium member Presentation Transcript Slide 1: ???2 ??? ???????? ???????????????????? ????: ????????????? ? ????????? ?????? Slide 2: ???????? ?? ?????????? Leica GPS System 500 ???????? ???? (?????) : ???????? ???? (?????) ??????? ? ??????????????? ?????????? , ????? ???-????? ??????????? ???????? ?????? ????. ??????? ? ??????, ?? ??????????? ??????????. ????? ?????? ?? ????????????? ???????????. ???? ?? ?? ????? ? ????????? ????? ?????????. ?????? ??????? ??????? ???? ??????? ?????? ?????????? ???????? ???? (?????) : ???????? ???? (?????) ???????????? ???? ????????? ???????? ?? ??????? ??? ???????? ?????? ???? ? ?? ??????? ????????????. ? ?????????????? ?? ?? ????????? ?????? ??????. ?????????????? ???????? ?? ????????? ? ??????????? ???????????? ???????? ? ?? ? ???????? ?? ????????????? ?????. ???????? : ???????? ???????? ? ????????????? ??????, ????? ???? ?? ???? ?????????? ???? ???????? ?????????: ?????? ?????? (a) ????. 6 378 245 m ? ????? ?????? (b) ??? ??????????? (f) = (a-b)/a ????. a=1/298.3 ???????????? ?????? ??????????? ??????????. ?? ???? ?? ???? ??????? ???? ?????????? ? ??????????. ???????? ? ????? : ???? ??????? ?????? ?????????? ???????? ? ????? ??? ???????? ?? ???????? ?????? WGS84 ???????? : WGS84 ???????? The World Geodetic System 1984 (WGS84) ???-????? ?????? ??????? ?? ?????? A = 6,378,137.000 m 1/f = 298.2572236 ???? ??????? ?????? N ??????? ??????? ?????? ?????????? ??????? ??????????? ??????? : ?? ??????? ??, ???????? ?????????? ????????? ??????? ???????? ?????????? ???????: Swiss co-ordinate system (???????? Bessel ? ?????????? ????????) UK co-ordinate system (???????? Airy ? ???????? ??????????? ????????) ??? ?? ???????? ?? WGS84 ?????????? ??? ??-???????? ?? ?????????? ??????? ??????????? ????? ?????? ?? ???????? ?????????? ?????? ??????????.... ??????? ??????????? ??????? WGS84 ???????? ?????????? ????????????? ? ????????? ???????????????? : ????????????? ? ????????? ???????????????? ???????? ?????? ?????????? ?????? ????????????? ?????????? ?????????? 3D ???????????? (Onestep) ??????????? (Twostep) ???????????? ???????? ??????? ????? WGS84 ????????? ? ???????????? ?????????? : WGS84 ????????? ? ???????????? ?????????? ???? ? ???? ????????? ????? P ???? ?? ??? ???????? ??? WGS84 ?????????? ??????? ??????????? ??????? : ??????? ??????????? ??????? ?????? ????? P ???? ?? ?????????? ? ? ?????? ??????????? ??????? ... ?? ???????? ???????? ????? ?????????? ??????? ??????? P ???? ?? ??? ???????????? WGS84 ????????? ? ??????? ????????? ?????????? ??????????????? (?????? ?? ?????????? 3D) ?????? ????????????? 2-?? ?????????? 3 ???????????? - dx, dy and dz 3 ??????? Rx, Ry, Rz ????? ??????? ? WGS84 ????????? ?????????? : ??????? ? WGS84 ????????? ?????????? ???? ???? ????? ?? ??????????? ????? ??????? ? WGS84 ????????? ?????????? WGS84 ????????? : X, Y, Z P = 4264650.810 X 724089.202 Y 4672014.4546 Z ??????? ????????? ? ???????????? ?????????? : ??????? ????????? ? ???????????? ?????????? ???? ????? ??? ?? ??????????? ????? ????????? ? ???????????? ?????????? ??????? ???????????? ? ???????? ?????????? (1) : ??????? ???????????? ? ???????? ?????????? (1) ...?? ?????????? ?????????? ?? ????? ??-?????????? ?? ???????????? ?? ?? ???????? ?? ??????? ???????????? ? ??????? ???????? ??????????, ?? ? ?????????? ???????? ??????????? ????? ?????? ????????: ???????? ???????????, ??????????, ?????? ?????????? ???????? ????. ?????????? ? ????? ? ?????(Easting; Northing) ? ???????? ?.?. ??????????, ????? ?? ???????? ? ?????????? ??????, ?????? ?? ??????? ? ??????? ?? ????????, ????????? ?????????? ? ??. ???????... ??????? ???????????? ? ???????? ?????????? (2) : ??????? ???????????? ? ???????? ?????????? (2) ? ????...???? ????? ??? ?? ??????????? ?? ??????? ???????????? ??? ??????? ???????? ?????????? ?????????? ?????? ?????????? : ?????????? ?????? ?????????? WGS84 ??? ?? ??????????? ???? ???????? ??????????? ??????? Classic 3D ????????????? : Classic 3D ????????????? WGS84 ?????????? ????? ??????? ?????????? ????? ??????????? ?? Classic 3D ????????????? (1) : ??????????? ?? Classic 3D ????????????? (1) ???????? ?????? ?????? ?????, ?? ?? ????????? ??????????????? WGS84 Co-ordinate Side Local Co-ordinate Side ??????????? ?? Classic 3D ????????????? (2) : ??????????? ??????????, ?? ?? ?????? ??? ?? ?????, ????? ?????? ?? ?? ???????? ?? ???????????? ?????????????????? ????????? ????? ?? ????? ?????? ??????????? ?? Classic 3D ????????????? (2) !!! !!! ????????? ?? Classic 3D ??????????????? : ????????? ?? Classic 3D ??????????????? ???? ?? ?? ??????? ? LGO ? ? GPS ????????? ??????? ???? 3 ???? ?????, ???????? ?? ??????? ? ???????? (???? ?? ?? ??????? ? ? ??-????? ?? 3 ?????, ?? ???? ?? ? ??????????????) ?????? ???????????? ?? ????? ???????? ???????? ? ???????? ???????? ????????? ? ?????????? ?? ????? ?? ????? ??????????? ??????? ???????, ????? ????????? ?????? ???????????? ?? ?? ???????? ?? ??????? ? ???????? Classic 3D ??????????????? ???? ?? ?? ??????? ????? ???????????? ???? ?? ???????? ??? ?????????? ?? ??????, ????? ???????? ??????? ? ???????? ???????? ?????????? ??????????? ??? Classic 3D ??????????????? : ??????????? ??? Classic 3D ??????????????? ?? ???? ?? ?? ???????? ??? ???????? ??????: ?????????? ??????? ?????????? ???????? / ???????? ??-????? ?? 3 ???? ????? ?? ?????? ????? ???? ?????????? ??????? ? ??????? WGS84 ??????? One-step ????????????? : One-step ????????????? One-step ??????????????? ????????? ???????? ??????????? ????? WGS84 ? ??????? ???????? ?????????? WGS84 Co-ordinate Side Local Co-ordinate Side One-step ????????????? : One-step ????????????? ????? ? ????????? ?? ??????..? WGS84 Co-ordinate Side Local Co-ordinate Side ??? ?????? One-step ??????????????? .? : ??? ?????? One-step ??????????????? .? ?? ????????????? ?? ????????? WGS84 ???????????? ?? ?????????? ????? ????????????? ???????, ?? ????? ?? ???????? ???????? ??????????? ?????? ???????? ???? ???? ?? ????????? Classical 2D ????????????? ????????? ? ?????????? ?? ???????? ???????, ?? 1-?????????? ????????????? ???? ?? ?? ??????? ????? ?????????? ???? ????????? ?? One-step ??????????????? : ????????? ?? One-step ??????????????? ???? ?? ?? ??????? ? LGO ? ? GPS ????????? ?? ? ???????????? ????? ???????? ???????? ? ???????? ???????? ???? ?? ?? ??????? ???? ? ???? ???? ????? ?? ?? ?????????? ?? ???? ?? ?? ??????? ????? ? ??????? ???? ?? ?? ????????? ??????? ????? ? ???????? ???? ???????? ?????????? ??????? ???? ?? ?? ???????? ?? Ca?? ???????, ???? ???????? ??? ??????? ? ???????? ..?? ? ????????? ???? ????? ?????????? ???? ?????????????? ? ?? ?? ?? ????????? ?? ????? ??? 10x10 km, ?? ?? ?? ???????? ??????????????, ????????? ?? ???????????? ????????. Two-Step ????????????? : Two-Step ????????????? ????????? ???????????? ?? Classic 3D ? One-step ????????? ? ?????????? ?? ???????? ??????? (????? ??? One-step), ?? ?? ???????? ??? ????????? ? ???????? ???????? ?? ????????? ????? Pre-Classic 3D ????????????? ????????????? ??? ??????????? ?? ??????, ?? ????? ?? ??????? ??????????????? Slide 27: ??? ??????...? Two-Step ????????????? WGS84 Co-ordinate Side Local Co-ordinate Side Slide 28: Two-Step ????????????? ? LGO ? GPS ????????? ????????? ?? Two-step ??????????????? : ???? ?? ?? ??????? ? LGO ? ? GPS ????????? ???????? ?? ????????????? ?????????????, ??? ? ???????? ???? ?? ?? ???????? ? ?????? ????????????? ????????????? ?????? ???????????? ?? ????? ???????? ???????? ? ???????? ???????? ???? ??????? ?? ?? ????????? ????? ? ???????? ???? ???????? ?????????? ??????? ???? ?? ?? ???????? ?? Ca?? ???????, ???? ???????? ??? ??????? ? ???????? ??? ??????????? ?? ??????, ?? ????? ??????????? two-step ????????????? ????????? ?? Two-step ??????????????? ????????? ?? Interpolation ??????????????? : ????????? ?? Interpolation ??????????????? ???? ?? ?? ??????? ? LGO ??????? ???????????????? ?????????, ???????? ?? ?????? ????????????? GPS ???????????? ?? ??????/????????/?????????? ????????, ?? ?? ?? ???????? ??? ???????? ????? ? ????????? ???? ???? ? ???????? ?????? ?? ? ?????/??? ?????? ???? ?? ?? ?????? ?????? ?? ??????????? (level of distortion) ?? ?????? ?? ????? ???????? ???????? ? ???????? ???????? ????????? ? ?????????? ?? ???????? ??????? ??????????? ?? ???? 10x10 km ????????? ?? Step Wise ??????????????? : ????????? ?? Step Wise ??????????????? ???? ?? ?? ??????? ? LGO ????????? ??????????????? Classic 3D ? Interpolation Classic 3D ?? ???????? ?? ?????????????? ?? ??????? ?? ??????? Interpolation ?? ???????? ?? ?????????????? ?? ??????? ?? ???????? ???? ?? ?? ?????? ?????? ?? ??????????? (level of distortion) ????????? ? ?????????? ?? ???????? ??????? ?????? ?? ????? ???????? ???????? ? ???????? ???????? ??? ??????????? ?? ??????, ?? ????? ??????????? step-wise ????????????? ?????? ???????? : ?????? ???????? ???????????? ???????? ?? ??????? ??? ????????? ????? ?????????? ?? ????????????? ? LGO ??? GPS ?????????, ?????? ?? ??????? ???? ?? ??????????, ????? ?????? ?? ??????? ???? ???????? ?????????????? ???????? ?? ??????? ??? ?????? ?????? ????? ??????????(? GPS) ? ????????????(? ??????? ???????) ???????? ?????? ???????? ? ??????????? ??????? : ?????? ???????? ? ??????????? ??????? ???? ????????... ???? ???????? (Height mode) ?? ?????? ? ??????????????? ?????? ????????????? ????? ?? ??????? ? ?????????? ? ???????????? ???????? WGS84 ???????? (???? ??????????) ??????? ???????? ???????????? ??? ?????????? ????????????? (classic 3d, one-step…) ???????????? ??? ?????????? ??????? ?? ???????? ???????? ? GPS ????????? : ??????? ?? ???????? ???????? ? GPS ????????? ????? ? ??????? ? ?????????? ????? ??? ? ?????? ?? ????????? ?? ???????? ??????? Shift F2 - ?? ?? ???????????? ????? ???????? ???????? (??? ??? ??????? ?????) ??????? ?? T??????? ???????? (Height Mode) ? LGO : ??????? ?? T??????? ???????? (Height Mode) ? LGO ????? ?? ????? ?????????? ? ????? ???????? ????????: Points tab view, Property views… ? ?????????? LOCAL ???? ?? ??????? ???????????? ????????? ?? ?????????? ? ???????????? ????????. ? ?????????? 84 – ???? ?????????? ??? ?? ??????? ???? ?? ?????????? (Height Mode)? : ??? ?? ??????? ???? ?? ?????????? (Height Mode)? Leica Geo Office – ??? ????????????? ?? ??????????????? ??? ?? ??????? ???? ?? ?????????? (Height Mode)? : ??? ?? ??????? ???? ?? ?????????? (Height Mode)? GPS ???????? – ?????? ?? ??? ????????????? ?? ?????????? ?????????? ?? ??????????? ??????? (Determine Coordinate System) ???????? ?? ????????????? LGO <-> GPS ???????? ???? ???????? ?? ???????, ?????? ??????????????? ?? ????????? ?? ???????? LGO ??? GPS ?????????, ? ???????. Slide 38: ??? ?? ?????? “??????” ??? ????????? ????????? ????? ?? ?????? (Geoid Model) ! ...?? ??? ?????? ???????? ?????? ??? ????? ????? ?? ???????????? ?????? ???? ?????????? ?? ????????? ????????? (N). ?? ???????????? ????????????, ????? ??????? ?????? ? ????????? ????????? ????????? ???? ?? ???? ??????????? ??? ??????????? ? ?????????? ?? ????, ???? ?????? ? ??? ??? ??? ????????? ? ?????? ?????. ??? ????????? ????????? N ? ???????????? ???????? h ?? ????????, ?????????????? ???????? ???? ?? ???? ??????????. h=H+N Slide 39: ????????????? ? ??????? ????? ????????????? ? ??????? ?????: ??????? ??????????... ?????????? Classic 3D ????????????? ? ??????? ??????? ????? Shift F2 ?? ??????????? ????? ???????? ???????? Slide 40: ???????, ?? ?????? ??????? ?????, ?????????? ???? ????????? ?????? ????? ? ??????? ?????????? ? ????????????? ????????.... ????????????? ????? ???????? ?? ??????? ??????????????? - ???????? ORTHOMETRIC ??????????* ?? ??????????????? ?????? ?????? ?? ?????????? ?? ???????????? ?????? ????? * ??? ?? ??????? ????????? ?? ??????? ? ????????, ????? ?? “????” ???????????????. ????????????? ?????? ?? ??????????? ?? ?????? ?? ?????????????? ???????? ?? ??????????? ?????? ????? ????????????? ? ??????? ????? ????????? ?? ????????????? - ?????????? : ????????? ?? ????????????? - ?????????? ????????????? ?? ?????? ?????, ????. WGS 84 ? ?.?.1970 ?????? ????? ?????? ?? ???????? ?????? ????, ?? ????? ????????? ??????????????? ..?? ?? ????? ?????????? ?????????? ???????? ?? ??????????????? ?? ?? ?????????? ????? ??????, ??????? ?? ?????? ????? ???????? ????????? ??????????? ? ??????????? ?? ???????????? ????? ???????, ????????? ?? ?????? ????? ??????? ????????????? ??????????? ????????????? ??? ?? ??????? ?????????? ?? ??????????? ?????????????? : ??? ?? ??????? ?????????? ?? ??????????? ?????????????? ?????????? ???????????????? ????? ? “??????????” ?? ?????? ?????????? ???? ?? ?????? ????? ?? ???????????? ?? ??????????????? ?????????? ????????? ????????? ??????????? ????? ?????? ????? ? ??????????? ??????? ????????? ?????????? ??????????? ????????? ????? ???????????????? ? ???????? ?????????? ?? ??????????? ????? ????????? ???? ??????? ?? ?????? ???? ????????? ????? ???? ?? ???? ?????????? ????? ??????? ?? ???????? ?? ??????????????? You do not have the permission to view this presentation. In order to view it, please contact the author of the presentation.
e-training p4 Transformations and Height StefanKolev Download Post to : URL : Related Presentations : Share Add to Flag Embed Email Send to Blogs and Networks Add to Channel Uploaded from authorPOINT lite Insert YouTube videos in PowerPont slides with aS Desktop Copy embed code: (To copy code, click on the text box) Embed: URL: Thumbnail: WordPress Embed Customize Embed The presentation is successfully added In Your Favorites. Views: 67 Category: Science & Tech.. License: All Rights Reserved Like it (0) Dislike it (0) Added: January 06, 2009 This Presentation is Public Favorites: 0 Presentation Description No description available. Comments Posting comment... Premium member Presentation Transcript Slide 1: ???2 ??? ???????? ???????????????????? ????: ????????????? ? ????????? ?????? Slide 2: ???????? ?? ?????????? Leica GPS System 500 ???????? ???? (?????) : ???????? ???? (?????) ??????? ? ??????????????? ?????????? , ????? ???-????? ??????????? ???????? ?????? ????. ??????? ? ??????, ?? ??????????? ??????????. ????? ?????? ?? ????????????? ???????????. ???? ?? ?? ????? ? ????????? ????? ?????????. ?????? ??????? ??????? ???? ??????? ?????? ?????????? ???????? ???? (?????) : ???????? ???? (?????) ???????????? ???? ????????? ???????? ?? ??????? ??? ???????? ?????? ???? ? ?? ??????? ????????????. ? ?????????????? ?? ?? ????????? ?????? ??????. ?????????????? ???????? ?? ????????? ? ??????????? ???????????? ???????? ? ?? ? ???????? ?? ????????????? ?????. ???????? : ???????? ???????? ? ????????????? ??????, ????? ???? ?? ???? ?????????? ???? ???????? ?????????: ?????? ?????? (a) ????. 6 378 245 m ? ????? ?????? (b) ??? ??????????? (f) = (a-b)/a ????. a=1/298.3 ???????????? ?????? ??????????? ??????????. ?? ???? ?? ???? ??????? ???? ?????????? ? ??????????. ???????? ? ????? : ???? ??????? ?????? ?????????? ???????? ? ????? ??? ???????? ?? ???????? ?????? WGS84 ???????? : WGS84 ???????? The World Geodetic System 1984 (WGS84) ???-????? ?????? ??????? ?? ?????? A = 6,378,137.000 m 1/f = 298.2572236 ???? ??????? ?????? N ??????? ??????? ?????? ?????????? ??????? ??????????? ??????? : ?? ??????? ??, ???????? ?????????? ????????? ??????? ???????? ?????????? ???????: Swiss co-ordinate system (???????? Bessel ? ?????????? ????????) UK co-ordinate system (???????? Airy ? ???????? ??????????? ????????) ??? ?? ???????? ?? WGS84 ?????????? ??? ??-???????? ?? ?????????? ??????? ??????????? ????? ?????? ?? ???????? ?????????? ?????? ??????????.... ??????? ??????????? ??????? WGS84 ???????? ?????????? ????????????? ? ????????? ???????????????? : ????????????? ? ????????? ???????????????? ???????? ?????? ?????????? ?????? ????????????? ?????????? ?????????? 3D ???????????? (Onestep) ??????????? (Twostep) ???????????? ???????? ??????? ????? WGS84 ????????? ? ???????????? ?????????? : WGS84 ????????? ? ???????????? ?????????? ???? ? ???? ????????? ????? P ???? ?? ??? ???????? ??? WGS84 ?????????? ??????? ??????????? ??????? : ??????? ??????????? ??????? ?????? ????? P ???? ?? ?????????? ? ? ?????? ??????????? ??????? ... ?? ???????? ???????? ????? ?????????? ??????? ??????? P ???? ?? ??? ???????????? WGS84 ????????? ? ??????? ????????? ?????????? ??????????????? (?????? ?? ?????????? 3D) ?????? ????????????? 2-?? ?????????? 3 ???????????? - dx, dy and dz 3 ??????? Rx, Ry, Rz ????? ??????? ? WGS84 ????????? ?????????? : ??????? ? WGS84 ????????? ?????????? ???? ???? ????? ?? ??????????? ????? ??????? ? WGS84 ????????? ?????????? WGS84 ????????? : X, Y, Z P = 4264650.810 X 724089.202 Y 4672014.4546 Z ??????? ????????? ? ???????????? ?????????? : ??????? ????????? ? ???????????? ?????????? ???? ????? ??? ?? ??????????? ????? ????????? ? ???????????? ?????????? ??????? ???????????? ? ???????? ?????????? (1) : ??????? ???????????? ? ???????? ?????????? (1) ...?? ?????????? ?????????? ?? ????? ??-?????????? ?? ???????????? ?? ?? ???????? ?? ??????? ???????????? ? ??????? ???????? ??????????, ?? ? ?????????? ???????? ??????????? ????? ?????? ????????: ???????? ???????????, ??????????, ?????? ?????????? ???????? ????. ?????????? ? ????? ? ?????(Easting; Northing) ? ???????? ?.?. ??????????, ????? ?? ???????? ? ?????????? ??????, ?????? ?? ??????? ? ??????? ?? ????????, ????????? ?????????? ? ??. ???????... ??????? ???????????? ? ???????? ?????????? (2) : ??????? ???????????? ? ???????? ?????????? (2) ? ????...???? ????? ??? ?? ??????????? ?? ??????? ???????????? ??? ??????? ???????? ?????????? ?????????? ?????? ?????????? : ?????????? ?????? ?????????? WGS84 ??? ?? ??????????? ???? ???????? ??????????? ??????? Classic 3D ????????????? : Classic 3D ????????????? WGS84 ?????????? ????? ??????? ?????????? ????? ??????????? ?? Classic 3D ????????????? (1) : ??????????? ?? Classic 3D ????????????? (1) ???????? ?????? ?????? ?????, ?? ?? ????????? ??????????????? WGS84 Co-ordinate Side Local Co-ordinate Side ??????????? ?? Classic 3D ????????????? (2) : ??????????? ??????????, ?? ?? ?????? ??? ?? ?????, ????? ?????? ?? ?? ???????? ?? ???????????? ?????????????????? ????????? ????? ?? ????? ?????? ??????????? ?? Classic 3D ????????????? (2) !!! !!! ????????? ?? Classic 3D ??????????????? : ????????? ?? Classic 3D ??????????????? ???? ?? ?? ??????? ? LGO ? ? GPS ????????? ??????? ???? 3 ???? ?????, ???????? ?? ??????? ? ???????? (???? ?? ?? ??????? ? ? ??-????? ?? 3 ?????, ?? ???? ?? ? ??????????????) ?????? ???????????? ?? ????? ???????? ???????? ? ???????? ???????? ????????? ? ?????????? ?? ????? ?? ????? ??????????? ??????? ???????, ????? ????????? ?????? ???????????? ?? ?? ???????? ?? ??????? ? ???????? Classic 3D ??????????????? ???? ?? ?? ??????? ????? ???????????? ???? ?? ???????? ??? ?????????? ?? ??????, ????? ???????? ??????? ? ???????? ???????? ?????????? ??????????? ??? Classic 3D ??????????????? : ??????????? ??? Classic 3D ??????????????? ?? ???? ?? ?? ???????? ??? ???????? ??????: ?????????? ??????? ?????????? ???????? / ???????? ??-????? ?? 3 ???? ????? ?? ?????? ????? ???? ?????????? ??????? ? ??????? WGS84 ??????? One-step ????????????? : One-step ????????????? One-step ??????????????? ????????? ???????? ??????????? ????? WGS84 ? ??????? ???????? ?????????? WGS84 Co-ordinate Side Local Co-ordinate Side One-step ????????????? : One-step ????????????? ????? ? ????????? ?? ??????..? WGS84 Co-ordinate Side Local Co-ordinate Side ??? ?????? One-step ??????????????? .? : ??? ?????? One-step ??????????????? .? ?? ????????????? ?? ????????? WGS84 ???????????? ?? ?????????? ????? ????????????? ???????, ?? ????? ?? ???????? ???????? ??????????? ?????? ???????? ???? ???? ?? ????????? Classical 2D ????????????? ????????? ? ?????????? ?? ???????? ???????, ?? 1-?????????? ????????????? ???? ?? ?? ??????? ????? ?????????? ???? ????????? ?? One-step ??????????????? : ????????? ?? One-step ??????????????? ???? ?? ?? ??????? ? LGO ? ? GPS ????????? ?? ? ???????????? ????? ???????? ???????? ? ???????? ???????? ???? ?? ?? ??????? ???? ? ???? ???? ????? ?? ?? ?????????? ?? ???? ?? ?? ??????? ????? ? ??????? ???? ?? ?? ????????? ??????? ????? ? ???????? ???? ???????? ?????????? ??????? ???? ?? ?? ???????? ?? Ca?? ???????, ???? ???????? ??? ??????? ? ???????? ..?? ? ????????? ???? ????? ?????????? ???? ?????????????? ? ?? ?? ?? ????????? ?? ????? ??? 10x10 km, ?? ?? ?? ???????? ??????????????, ????????? ?? ???????????? ????????. Two-Step ????????????? : Two-Step ????????????? ????????? ???????????? ?? Classic 3D ? One-step ????????? ? ?????????? ?? ???????? ??????? (????? ??? One-step), ?? ?? ???????? ??? ????????? ? ???????? ???????? ?? ????????? ????? Pre-Classic 3D ????????????? ????????????? ??? ??????????? ?? ??????, ?? ????? ?? ??????? ??????????????? Slide 27: ??? ??????...? Two-Step ????????????? WGS84 Co-ordinate Side Local Co-ordinate Side Slide 28: Two-Step ????????????? ? LGO ? GPS ????????? ????????? ?? Two-step ??????????????? : ???? ?? ?? ??????? ? LGO ? ? GPS ????????? ???????? ?? ????????????? ?????????????, ??? ? ???????? ???? ?? ?? ???????? ? ?????? ????????????? ????????????? ?????? ???????????? ?? ????? ???????? ???????? ? ???????? ???????? ???? ??????? ?? ?? ????????? ????? ? ???????? ???? ???????? ?????????? ??????? ???? ?? ?? ???????? ?? Ca?? ???????, ???? ???????? ??? ??????? ? ???????? ??? ??????????? ?? ??????, ?? ????? ??????????? two-step ????????????? ????????? ?? Two-step ??????????????? ????????? ?? Interpolation ??????????????? : ????????? ?? Interpolation ??????????????? ???? ?? ?? ??????? ? LGO ??????? ???????????????? ?????????, ???????? ?? ?????? ????????????? GPS ???????????? ?? ??????/????????/?????????? ????????, ?? ?? ?? ???????? ??? ???????? ????? ? ????????? ???? ???? ? ???????? ?????? ?? ? ?????/??? ?????? ???? ?? ?? ?????? ?????? ?? ??????????? (level of distortion) ?? ?????? ?? ????? ???????? ???????? ? ???????? ???????? ????????? ? ?????????? ?? ???????? ??????? ??????????? ?? ???? 10x10 km ????????? ?? Step Wise ??????????????? : ????????? ?? Step Wise ??????????????? ???? ?? ?? ??????? ? LGO ????????? ??????????????? Classic 3D ? Interpolation Classic 3D ?? ???????? ?? ?????????????? ?? ??????? ?? ??????? Interpolation ?? ???????? ?? ?????????????? ?? ??????? ?? ???????? ???? ?? ?? ?????? ?????? ?? ??????????? (level of distortion) ????????? ? ?????????? ?? ???????? ??????? ?????? ?? ????? ???????? ???????? ? ???????? ???????? ??? ??????????? ?? ??????, ?? ????? ??????????? step-wise ????????????? ?????? ???????? : ?????? ???????? ???????????? ???????? ?? ??????? ??? ????????? ????? ?????????? ?? ????????????? ? LGO ??? GPS ?????????, ?????? ?? ??????? ???? ?? ??????????, ????? ?????? ?? ??????? ???? ???????? ?????????????? ???????? ?? ??????? ??? ?????? ?????? ????? ??????????(? GPS) ? ????????????(? ??????? ???????) ???????? ?????? ???????? ? ??????????? ??????? : ?????? ???????? ? ??????????? ??????? ???? ????????... ???? ???????? (Height mode) ?? ?????? ? ??????????????? ?????? ????????????? ????? ?? ??????? ? ?????????? ? ???????????? ???????? WGS84 ???????? (???? ??????????) ??????? ???????? ???????????? ??? ?????????? ????????????? (classic 3d, one-step…) ???????????? ??? ?????????? ??????? ?? ???????? ???????? ? GPS ????????? : ??????? ?? ???????? ???????? ? GPS ????????? ????? ? ??????? ? ?????????? ????? ??? ? ?????? ?? ????????? ?? ???????? ??????? Shift F2 - ?? ?? ???????????? ????? ???????? ???????? (??? ??? ??????? ?????) ??????? ?? T??????? ???????? (Height Mode) ? LGO : ??????? ?? T??????? ???????? (Height Mode) ? LGO ????? ?? ????? ?????????? ? ????? ???????? ????????: Points tab view, Property views… ? ?????????? LOCAL ???? ?? ??????? ???????????? ????????? ?? ?????????? ? ???????????? ????????. ? ?????????? 84 – ???? ?????????? ??? ?? ??????? ???? ?? ?????????? (Height Mode)? : ??? ?? ??????? ???? ?? ?????????? (Height Mode)? Leica Geo Office – ??? ????????????? ?? ??????????????? ??? ?? ??????? ???? ?? ?????????? (Height Mode)? : ??? ?? ??????? ???? ?? ?????????? (Height Mode)? GPS ???????? – ?????? ?? ??? ????????????? ?? ?????????? ?????????? ?? ??????????? ??????? (Determine Coordinate System) ???????? ?? ????????????? LGO <-> GPS ???????? ???? ???????? ?? ???????, ?????? ??????????????? ?? ????????? ?? ???????? LGO ??? GPS ?????????, ? ???????. Slide 38: ??? ?? ?????? “??????” ??? ????????? ????????? ????? ?? ?????? (Geoid Model) ! ...?? ??? ?????? ???????? ?????? ??? ????? ????? ?? ???????????? ?????? ???? ?????????? ?? ????????? ????????? (N). ?? ???????????? ????????????, ????? ??????? ?????? ? ????????? ????????? ????????? ???? ?? ???? ??????????? ??? ??????????? ? ?????????? ?? ????, ???? ?????? ? ??? ??? ??? ????????? ? ?????? ?????. ??? ????????? ????????? N ? ???????????? ???????? h ?? ????????, ?????????????? ???????? ???? ?? ???? ??????????. h=H+N Slide 39: ????????????? ? ??????? ????? ????????????? ? ??????? ?????: ??????? ??????????... ?????????? Classic 3D ????????????? ? ??????? ??????? ????? Shift F2 ?? ??????????? ????? ???????? ???????? Slide 40: ???????, ?? ?????? ??????? ?????, ?????????? ???? ????????? ?????? ????? ? ??????? ?????????? ? ????????????? ????????.... ????????????? ????? ???????? ?? ??????? ??????????????? - ???????? ORTHOMETRIC ??????????* ?? ??????????????? ?????? ?????? ?? ?????????? ?? ???????????? ?????? ????? * ??? ?? ??????? ????????? ?? ??????? ? ????????, ????? ?? “????” ???????????????. ????????????? ?????? ?? ??????????? ?? ?????? ?? ?????????????? ???????? ?? ??????????? ?????? ????? ????????????? ? ??????? ????? ????????? ?? ????????????? - ?????????? : ????????? ?? ????????????? - ?????????? ????????????? ?? ?????? ?????, ????. WGS 84 ? ?.?.1970 ?????? ????? ?????? ?? ???????? ?????? ????, ?? ????? ????????? ??????????????? ..?? ?? ????? ?????????? ?????????? ???????? ?? ??????????????? ?? ?? ?????????? ????? ??????, ??????? ?? ?????? ????? ???????? ????????? ??????????? ? ??????????? ?? ???????????? ????? ???????, ????????? ?? ?????? ????? ??????? ????????????? ??????????? ????????????? ??? ?? ??????? ?????????? ?? ??????????? ?????????????? : ??? ?? ??????? ?????????? ?? ??????????? ?????????????? ?????????? ???????????????? ????? ? “??????????” ?? ?????? ?????????? ???? ?? ?????? ????? ?? ???????????? ?? ??????????????? ?????????? ????????? ????????? ??????????? ????? ?????? ????? ? ??????????? ??????? ????????? ?????????? ??????????? ????????? ????? ???????????????? ? ???????? ?????????? ?? ??????????? ????? ????????? ???? ??????? ?? ?????? ???? ????????? ????? ???? ?? ???? ?????????? ????? ??????? ?? ???????? ?? ???????????????