Canadian IZE Tech

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Canadian Initiatives on Zero Emission TechnologiesOslo, Norway 15 January 2002Dr. Kelly Thambimuthu CANMET Energy Technology CenterNatural Resources Canada

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Canada’s Kyoto Challenge

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Comparison of Emission Reduction Sources by 2010 (AMG Results)* * (Path “2”, Scenario “Canada alone”, $58 per tonne)

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Current S&T on ZETs in Canada CO2 Sources Capture Transpor- tation Storage/ Use Oxy-fuel Combustion (CETC) Solvent based capture (ITC) Enhanced Coal-Bed Methane Recovery (ARC) Enhanced Oil Recovery (Weyburn) Flue gas capture demo (CCPC) CO2 Storage Potential in coals (AGS/GSC) Pipeline (Weyburn) Source Inventories

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Zero Emission Coal Alliance (ZECA) Sleipner West Field CO2 Injection Project Deep Ocean Disposal Project (IEA-CTI) International Projects

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Primary Region of Interest for ZETs Alberta & Saskatchewan which form a large part of the western Sedimentary basin

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Geological Sinks Inventory Aquifers - 105 - 106 Mt Enhanced coal bed methane - 104 - 105 Mt Depleted natural gas - 103 - 104 Mt reservoirs Enhanced oil recovery - 102 - 103 Mt • Rough estimates of CO2 storage capacity • Western sedimentary basin only

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R&D in CO2 Capture Technologies Post combustion CO2 capture with solvents International Test Center (University of Regina/Boundary Dam) Oxy-fuel combustion for CO2 enrichment & capture CANMET Energy Technology Centre (& University of Waterloo) Coal-fired utility plant demos with CO2 capture Canadian Clean Power Coalition (Utilities, Coal Producers, Govt)

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International Test Centre - CO2 Capture with Solvents Goal: To refine solvent based capture technologies and reduce the energy penalty & cost of capturing CO2 from flue gases. MEA (base solvent) and MEA alternatives Optimizing column internals Process integration Partners: University of Regina, governments of Canada, Saskatchewan, Alberta and US, international utilities and industry Two locations: University of Regina - lab and small pilot scale Boundary Dam - field pilot on power plant slip stream Status: Boundary Dam refit well underway Sponsored University program just beginning

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U of R Technology screening (3-m H1 in. ID) U of R Technical feasibility (3-m H4 in. ID) Boundary Dam Semi-commercial testing (20-m H18 in. ID) Commercial unit (30-m H 3-6 m ID) U of R Technology development (10-m H12 in. ID) CO2 Capture with Solvents – ITC Facilities

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Boundary Dam Unit on Power Plant Slip Stream

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CETC - Oxy-fuel Combustion Technology Oxy-Fuel Combustion Research - burner development - integrated emissions control research - novel mercury control prospects CO2 Recovery Process Development - software development - system energy optimization for retrofit case study CANMET CO2 Consortium - phase 6 program started with new work in advanced cycles - legal framework established with steering committee Partners TransAlta McDermott Tech. EPCOR US DOE Sask Power Alberta Government Ontario Power N.S. Power Flue Gas Compression Stack Gas CO2 Product Cooling Cooling

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A Vision for Oxy-fuel Combustion Direct Combustion Steam Reforming or Gasification Oxygen Retrofit Applications New Cycles & Infrastructure Hydrogen or H2 Carriers Zero Emissions and Increasing Efficiency CO2 Electricity and/or Heat

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Canadian Clean Power Coalition Goal: Full-scale demonstration of coal-fired power plant with capture of CO2 and virtual elimination of other emissions Retrofit ~ 2006 Greenfields ~ 2010 Partners: Utilities, coal producers, federal and provincial governments Location: lead performers and plants not yet defined Status: Discussions among sponsors completed Currently letting contracts on Phase 1: Engineering feasibility assessment of technology options

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2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 Retrofit Technology Development Feasibility studies completed and technology design selected Retrofit completed and plant is operating New Coal Demonstration Plant New technologies developed through R&D Technology selected Plant built and operating Feasibility Studies End-Result : Proven retrofit technology which meets all emission control needs End-result:Advanced technology for coal power plant demonstrated. Schedule for Demonstration Plants

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R&D in CO2 Storage and Use Enhanced Coal Bed Methane Recovery (ECBM) Alberta Research Council and Supporting Consortium CO2 Storage Capacity Alberta Geological Survey and Canadian Geological Survey Enhanced Oil Recovery (EOR) - Weyburn Petroleum Technology Research Center and Consortium

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Enhanced Coal-Bed Methane Recovery (IEA) Goal: Injection of CO2 into deep coal beds to sequester CO2 and to enhance coal-bed methane recovery Partners: Alberta Research Council, Governments of Canada, Alberta, U.S., U.K., Australia, Netherlands, industry (oil & gas, utilities), IEA-GHG Location: at the Fenn Big Valley Field, Alberta. Status: Phase 3A is underway

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CBM Resources of Western Canada

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ARC ECBM Recovery Project Proof of Concept for Alberta Single Well CO2 Micro-Pilot Single Well Flue Gas Micro-Pilot CO2 Sources 5-Spot Enhanced CBM Production Targeting of Best CBM Reservoirs 1997 1998 1999 2002 2003 2003 YEAR PHASES I II III-A III-B III-B 1998 -- Drill Shallow Coals <500 meters III-A 2001 In Deep Coals >1000 meters

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Weyburn CO2 Monitoring Project (IEA) Goal: Assessment of the mobility and long-term integrity and fate of CO2 when used for enhanced oil recovery. Partners: PanCanadian Resources Ltd, Governments of Canada, Saskatchewan, European Union and USA, Petroleum Technology Research Centre, oil/gas and utility industries, private sector and academic performers under auspices of IEA GHG R&D Programme Location: Weyburn, Saskatchewan. Status: Agreements being finalized for full four year project Reservoir baseline study conducted (pre-injection)

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Enhanced oil production 0 10 20 30 40 50 1955 1965 1975 1985 1995 2005 2015 2025 Date Thousands bbl/d Incremental Miscible Flood Production Base Waterflood Production Incremental Horizontal Production Incremental Vertical Production Effect of CO2 injection starting in 2000 CO2

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Regina Bismarck North Dakota Saskatchewan Canada USA Weyburn CO2 Goal: deliver 5000 tonnes/d of CO2 from Dakota Gas plant to Weyburn EOR project (320km) Partners: Dakota Gas and Pan Canadian Resources Status: In operation Weyburn: CO2 Pipeline

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Methodology Pre-injection baseline data Collection of field performance data Geologic description Geochemical sampling, monitoring and prediction Monitoring CO2 movement (seismic, reservoir simulation) Risk assessment – long term fate Storage economics

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Budget Currency: Canadian dollars (millions)