Presentation Transcript
Developing a Safety Program for the Workplace: Developing a Safety Program for the Workplace Bryan W. Shaw, Ph.D.
Agricultural Engineering Department
Texas Agricultural Extension Service
The Texas A&M System
Why Safety: Why Safety
Why Safety: Why Safety Reduce Number of Injuries
Reduce Costs Associated with Injuries
Comply with Regulations
Why Safety: Why Safety
Why Safety: Why Safety Reduce Number of Injuries
Reduce Costs Associated with Injuries
Comply with Regulations
Reduce Injury Costs: Reduce Injury Costs Average cost of injury
-~$11,000
Indirect cost ~ 50 times direct cost
- Lost time/productivity, low morale
- Equipment Damage
Costs by Injury: Costs by Injury
Why Safety: Why Safety Reduce Number of Injuries
Reduce Costs Associated with Injuries
Comply with Regulations
OSHA Inspections Region VI: OSHA Inspections Region VI ~4,200 /year ~1/2 programmed
Average cost ~$2,500 – 17,000
How often – once every 102 years
Landscape ~ 40% of violations were paperwork violations
Creating a Safety Program: Creating a Safety Program
Creating a Safety Program: Creating a Safety Program Management commitment
- Real commitment
- Active participation
Assignment of Authority
- Supervisors/foremen provide lead
- Safety committee
Developing a Safety Program: Developing a Safety Program
Developing a Safety Program: Developing a Safety Program Develop/implement safety policies and work rules
- Policy should be brief, to the point and define management’s philosophy
- Clear enforceable work rules
- Require commitment to comply
Safety Rules: Safety Rules General
- apply to all employees
Job specific safety rules
- developed specifically for each
major job activity
Developing a Safety Program: Developing a Safety Program Orientation and Training
-Orientation ~ familiarize new
employees with safety policy and
work rules
-Provide regular training ~ refresh
Why Orientation is Critical: Why Orientation is Critical
Developing a Safety Program: Developing a Safety Program Hazard Abatement
- Schedule regular imspections
- Document and correct unsafe conditions
or practices
- Encourage reporting of hazards
- Develop safety procedures for new
equipment
Developing a Safety Program: Developing a Safety Program Commitment to injured workers
- Healthy employees ~ productive
- Let injured workers know that
their needs are a priority
Developing a Safety Program: Developing a Safety Program Injury statistics and reports
- Keep records of all injuries
- Use to evaluate safety needs
- Use to identify hazards to
eliminate
Employee Selection: Employee Selection
Employee Selection: Employee Selection Develop Job Application
Require all applicants to complete
Verify information on application
Use available sources to find additional information
Complete additional checks if job requires applicant to drive
Employee Selection: Employee Selection Request applicants to submit to physical examination
Request applicants to submit to drug tests
Verify paperwork complete before offer employment
Employee Orientation & Training: Employee Orientation & Training
Employee Orientation & Training: Employee Orientation & Training General
all employees
Job Specific
employees that perform specific task
Employee Orientation & Training: Employee Orientation & Training Keep records of topics covered
Require employees to sign roster
Short frequent meetings
Employee Orientation & Training: Employee Orientation & Training General ~ All employees
Policy and rules
Proper lifting
Ergonomics
Employee Orientation & Training: Employee Orientation & Training General ~ All employees
Policy and rules
Proper lifting
Ergonomics
Employee Orientation & Training: Employee Orientation & Training General ~ All employees
Policy and rules
Proper lifting
Ergonomics
Ergonomics: Ergonomics Ergo = work
Nomos = work
Ergonomics
Make work environment fit workers dimensions
Rotate employees
Working Smarter
Ergonomics: Ergonomics Machinery is often designed
Without considering human interface, or
To fit the average human
One size fits all
Ergonomics: Ergonomics Make equipment fit within limitations and capabilities of the worker
Ergonomics: Ergonomics Two types of Injuries
Instantaneous
Cumulative Trauma Disorders (CTD)
Ergonomics: Ergonomics Instantaneous
Occurs as soon as the incident occurs
Most back injuries are coded as instantaneous
Ergonomics: Ergonomics Cumulative Trauma Disorders
(CTD)
Cumulative ~ occurring gradually
Trauma ~ bodily injury
Disorders ~ Physical ailments of abnormal conditions
Ergonomics: Ergonomics Cumulative Trauma Disorders
(CTD)
Force
Repetition
Posture
Lack of Rest
Ergonomics - Force: Ergonomics - Force Find easier way
Use assistive devices
Get assistance
Ergonomics: Ergonomics Cumulative Trauma Disorders
(CTD)
Force
Repetition
Posture
Lack of Rest
Ergonomics - Repetition: Ergonomics - Repetition Rethink task
Alter procedure to minimize repetition
Ergonomics: Ergonomics Cumulative Trauma Disorders
(CTD)
Force
Repetition
Posture
Lack of Rest
Ergonomics - Posture: Ergonomics - Posture Maintain good posture
Modify work environment to facilitate good posture
Ergonomics - Posture: Ergonomics - Posture
Ergonomics: Ergonomics Cumulative Trauma Disorders
(CTD)
Force
Repetition
Posture
Lack of Rest
Ergonomics – Lack of Rest: Ergonomics – Lack of Rest Consider rotating employees
Rotation to task that stresses different muscle tendon group
Employee Orientation & Training: Employee Orientation & Training Specific – Specific employees
Chemical Handling/PPE
Mower Safety
Chain Saw Safety
Guards and Shields
Proper Lifting, etc.