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Developing the North Sea Clean Ship Approach – the Concept and Examples :Developing the North Sea Clean Ship Approach – the Concept and Examples Sveinung Oftedal Senior Adviser Norwegian Maritime Directorate


Contents :2 Contents Brief introduction to the North Sea co-operation Introduction to the North Sea Clean Ship Approach Examples on activities supporting the Clean Ship Approach


The North Sea Conferences :3 The North Sea Conferences Initiated in the 1980’s Concern for the input of pollution to the North Sea and the ensuing environmental effects Identified problems were not adequately addressed internationally The Conferences agreed on Ministerial Declarations addressing policies and measures for several sectors; i.e. an holistic and cost effective approach


The North Sea Conferences :4 The North Sea Conferences Bremen 1984 London 1987 The Hague 1990 Copenhagen1993 (IMM on agriculture) Esbjerg 1995 Bergen 1997 (IMM on fisheries) Bergen 2002 Sweden 2006 (IMM on fisheries and shipping)


Some Achievements - Shipping :5 Some Achievements - Shipping MARPOL 73/78 Annex I – Special Area MARPOL 73/78 Annex II – Initiated the revision MARPOL 73/78 Annex V – Special Area MARPOL 73/78 Annex VI – SOx Emission Control Area Common proactive approach in the IMO on several topics


NSC - New Ground-breaking policies :6 NSC - New Ground-breaking policies London 1987 Agreed to the Precautionary Principle Agreed to end dumping of polluting materials in the North Sea at the earliest practical date Reduction targets (50%) for input hazardous substances Reduction targets (50%) for input of nutrients (phosphorus and nitrogen) Esbjerg 1995 One generation ”phase-out” target for hazardous substances Decomissioned offshore offshore installations to be disposed on land Bergen 2002 Established an Eco System Approach to Management Introduced the Clean Ship Approach


The Bergen Declaration (March 2002) :7 The Bergen Declaration (March 2002) § 48: “The Ministers acknowledge that new approaches and mechanisms are needed to minimize the impact of shipping on the environment, and agree: i) to explore and develop the concept of vessels designed, constructed and operated in an integrated manner to eliminate harmful discharges and emissions throughout their working life (the 'Clean Ship' approach). This approach will address all vessel operations and possible impacts on the environment and consider amongst other strategies the use of recycling, waste prevention and closed-loop process. The first stage of this work, compiling a comprehensive specification of the parameters of the 'Clean Ship' and establishing a system for monitoring progress towards fulfilment of the concept, will be reported on by 2004;”.


The Bergen Declaration (March 2002) :8 The Bergen Declaration (March 2002) The other subparagraphs of §48 provide additional elements that contribute to cleaner shipping: “The Ministers agree: ii) to explore introducing economic or other incentives in order to improve the environmental performance of shipping, by rewarding quality ships and as far as possible harmonize such incentive schemes, and to promote this concept internationally, in particular within IMO, and include the establishment of global criteria for incentive schemes and other environmental differentiating schemes; and iii) to initiating programmes to improve the environmental awareness of the maritime community, for example by introducing marine environment awareness courses.”


Follow-up of the Bergen Declaration :9 Follow-up of the Bergen Declaration The Conference of North Sea Senior Officials (CONSSO) is responsible for the follow-up activity An Issue Group on Sustainable Shipping (IGSS) is given the task to undertake the work on shipping issues A draft document the clean ship approach is being developed


Slide 10 :10 Follow-up Activity The North Sea Conferences – The Process


Towards the Clean Ship Approach :11 Towards the Clean Ship Approach IGSS Document Understanding the phases Force Field and Actor Analysis Monitoring and reporting Activities for North Sea States


The Clean Ship Approach – optimizing the options at each phase :12 The Clean Ship Approach – optimizing the options at each phase The planning phase The design phase The construction phase The ship operation phase The reselling/recycling phase


The planning phase :13 The planning phase Relevant questions: Which market segment? Which transport concept? Life cycle approach? Relevant options: Cargo carrying capacity Vessel speed Relvant process Dialogue with customers, cargo handlers and other parties


Slide 14 :14 Range of energy efficiency for different ship categories based on vessel characteristics (speed, DWT, installed power). Value for truck included for reference. Energy efficiency is influenced during the planning, design and operation phases


The design phase :15 The design phase Relevant questions: Exceeding standards? Planning for future requirements? Defining an environmental performance indicator? Items to be considered (establishing the ship spec.): Hull design and structure Dual systems Cargo handling Inspection friendly Bridge equipment Important factor Awareness and motivation among all parties


The Construction phase :16 The Construction phase Items to be considered: Quality of the construction worke.g. steel work, painting etc. Environmental performance of the yard


The Ship Operation phase :17 The Ship Operation phase Some issues to be considered: Environmental protection included in the ISM? Environmental accounting system? Policy regarding compliance with legislation (company response to violations) Maintenance policy Waste Management


Recycling phase :18 Recycling phase Issues to consider: Compliance with IMO recycling guidelines Environmental Performance of the Yard: Has the yard implemented the Basel Convention guidelines and/or the ILO guidelines?


Drivers and Constrainerstowards the Clean Ship approach :19 Drivers and Constrainerstowards the Clean Ship approach


Players in the Shipping Industry :20 Players in the Shipping Industry


Monitoring and reporting :21 Monitoring and reporting A system should be developed The shipping industry should establish an environmental accounting system and develop reports on emissions and discharges. Governments should establish a monitoring system Parameters have to be chosen


Environmental monitoringof a coastline? – or any geographically defined area. :22 Environmental monitoringof a coastline? – or any geographically defined area. AISAutomatic Identification System. Signals => Databasea ”portfolio” in MarBase (Sea-days)*SeaLoad*(ME kW Capacity*kg/kW)/1000)*24 hours)


Slide 23 :23 Example of environmental monitoring based on AIS observations combined with a database (MARBASE)


Possible actions for the North Sea States :24 Possible actions for the North Sea States Market based actions: introduction of incentives (administrative and economic) building awareness and marketing of the clean ship approach establishing a system for monitoring and reporting Legislation: Alleviate the regulatory burden on ”Clean ships” e.g. in establishing an inspection regime which awards environmental performance


Possible actions for the North Sea States – continued… :25 Possible actions for the North Sea States – continued… Actions that can stimulate innovation: Establish R&D programmes towards ”Clean Ship Innovations” and ensure that proper mechanisms between R&D and commercial products and solutions are in place To establish creative innovation forums Activities to increase environmental awareness: Draft a joint North Sea Communication Strategy Amend the STCW Convention to include environmental awareness


The Clean Ship Approach – Norwegian examples :26 The Clean Ship Approach – Norwegian examples Providing information on emissions and discharges, possible effects, and possible solutions Economic incentive scheme Third party solutions Grant scheme for NOx-reductions


Example – The Environmental information portal :27 Example – The Environmental information portal


Example – The Environmental information portal :28 Example – The Environmental information portal


Example – The Environmental information portal :29 Example – The Environmental information portal


Example – The Environmental information portal :30 Example – The Environmental information portal Welcome to: www.sjofartsdir.no or http://www2.dnv.com/portenv/portal


Example-Environmental differentiation of ships :31 Example-Environmental differentiation of ships Can be used on several taxes, charges and other terms which applies to shipping Environmental differentiation of the tonnage tax: Introduced for the year 2000 Max 25 % reduction A voluntary system The environmental declaration will be registered and can be subject to control


Environmental differentiation of ships - Weighting :32 Environmental differentiation of ships - Weighting


Slide 33 :33 Environmental rating for Cargo vessels


Slide 34 :34 Environmental rating for Passenger vessels


Example: Pilot project - Two LNG powered supply vessels :35 Example: Pilot project - Two LNG powered supply vessels


New mechanisms – third party solutions :36 New mechanisms – third party solutions Credit trading:Verified reductions on to supply vessels are credited as reductions on two onshore plants Political agreement between the government and STATOIL First time this mechanism is used


Two LNG Powered supply vessels – Basic facts :37 Two LNG Powered supply vessels – Basic facts Delivered in 2003 Estimated reduction of emissions (each ship):NOx: 195 - 210 t/year ~ 82-84%CO2: 2720 t/year ~ 20% Emission reductions are to be verified by the Norwegian Pollution Control Authority Extra investments:5.6-6.7 mill US$ pr. vessel National safety regulation is developed IMO guidelines under development


Conclusions :38 Conclusions The North Sea Clean Ship Approach is a concept which focus on an overall target to to eliminate harmful discharges and emissions throughout their working life Includes involvement and actions from all stakeholders Do not look for one solution but rather the many steps. Decisions to be taken at the coming North Sea Ministerial Meeting in Sweden in April 2006