Presentation Transcript
Electronic commerce in Asia: Electronic commerce in Asia Laura Männistö
mannisto@itu.int
International Telecommunication Union
Asia and the Future of the World Economic System
London, 18 March 1999 Note: The views expressed are those of the author
and may not necessarily reflect the opinion of the ITU or its Members.
Agenda: Agenda
Electronic commerce in Asia
Why is it important?
Major challenges
Examples
What is e-commerce?: What is e-commerce? “Electronic commerce may be simply defined as the production, advertising, sale and distribution of products via telecommunication networks” (WTO, 1998)
Categories
Business-to-business
Business-to-consumer
Business-to-government
Some projected e-commerce revenues in emerging Asia By year 2001/02 (In US$ millions): Some projected e-commerce revenues in emerging Asia By year 2001/02 (In US$ millions) $450 $800 $1'000 $1'870 $2'000 < $200 < $200 Philippines Indonesia India Singapore Malaysia China Korea (Rep.) Source: IDC, NASSCOM.
E-commerce initiatives in Asia: E-commerce initiatives in Asia China - Golden Projects
Malaysia - Multimedia Super Corridor (MSC), Digital Signatures Act 1997
South Korea - E-commerce system using post offices
Thailand - E-commerce pilot project
Singapore - Electronic Transactions Act 1998 and Electronic Regulations 1999
Philippines - National Information Technology Plan ‘97 Most of them want to become
the Asian “hub” for e-commerce
Why is it important?: Why is it important? For firms
Lowers transaction, production and distribution costs
Facilitates market entry (especially for SMEs)
Improves customer service
Extends geographical reach
Improves information access
New sources of revenue
Why is it important?: Why is it important? Catalyst for economic growth
increased competition
lower prices, improved quality and innovative new products and services
new trade opportunities
investment growth
What are some of the major challenges to e-trade ?: What are some of the major challenges to e-trade ? Customs and taxation
Privacy / data protection
Security
IPR / Copyrights / Trademarks / domain names
Technical standards
Telecom and IT Infrastructure
Model law
Content
E-payments
Trade logistics
Challenges: Challenges In the developed world the major concerns are related to privacy, taxation, etc.
These are being dealt with by private sector initiatives, governments and int’l organizations (e.g. UNCITRAL, WTO, WIPO, OECD, etc.)
In the developing world the primary concerns are related to
telecom and IT infrastructrure
pricing
content
awareness.
Obstacles to e-commerce in the USA and Europe: Obstacles to e-commerce in the USA and Europe 31% 24% 17% 9% 8% Privacy concerns Censorship Navigation difficulties Taxes Other Source: ITU 1999 “Challenges to the Network: Internet for Development”, .
Obstacles to e-commerce in a developing/emerging economy: Obstacles to e-commerce in a developing/emerging economy 29% 29% 19% 10% 10% Slow speed PSTN prices ISP prices Lack of content in own Lack of local content Source: ITU 1999 “Challenges to the Network: Internet for Development” language
Challenge: Unequal Access to Infrastructure Distribution of Internet hosts, January 1999: Challenge: Unequal Access to Infrastructure Distribution of Internet hosts, January 1999 Canada & US 64. 0% Europe 24. 3% LAC* 1.6% Africa 0.4% Developing Asia- Pacific 3.4% Other 5.4% Australia, Japan & New Zealand 6.3% Note: LAC = Latin America and the Caribbean
Source: ITU 1999 “Challenges to the Network: Internet for Development”, Network Wizards, RIPE.
iDS Finance http://www.idatasystems.com/ : iDS Finance http://www.idatasystems.com/
Asia Travel http://www.asiatravel.com/: Asia Travel http://www.asiatravel.com/
Agenda: Agenda
Electronic commerce in Asia
Why is it important?
Major challenges
Examples
Slide16: International Telecommunication Union Challenges to the Network:
INTERNET FOR DEVELOPMENT http://www.itu.int/ti