Freudian

Slide1: 

Freud and Personality: 

Freud and Personality Six different perspectives The topographic-which involves conscious vs. unconscious modes of functioning The dynamic-which entails the interaction of psychic forces* The genetic- which is concerned with the development of psychic phenomena through the oral, anal, phallic, latency, and genital stages.*

Freud and Personality: 

Freud and Personality The economic- which involves the distribution, transformation, and expenditure of energy The structural- which revolves around the persistent functional units of the id, ego, and superego. * The adaptive view, implied by Freud and developed by Hartman(1958), which involves the inborn preparedness of the individual to interact with an evolving series of normal and predictable environment *we will focus primarily on these because they are directly related to theories of psychopathology and psychotherapy.

Freud’s dynamic forces: 

Freud’s dynamic forces Dynamic forces motivate personality Eros –life and sex Thanatos-death and aggression they are complementary forces /instincts that are somatic in nature and express in fantasies, desires, feelings, thoughts, and most directly, actions The individual constantly desires immediate gratification of sexual and aggressive impulses which leads to conflict with society and society’s rules. Resulting in the development of defense mechanisms which keeps the persons from there basic desire to rape and ravage, and keeps person out of danger of punishment, and reduces anxiety and guilt.

Psychosexual stages of development: 

Psychosexual stages of development Oral stage-birth to 18 months Fixation develops as a result of deprivation or overindulgence Oral personality- deprivation/overindulgence Optimism/pessimism, gullibility/suspiciousness, cockiness/self –belittlement, manipulative/passivity, and admiration/envy

Psychosexual Stages of Development: 

Psychosexual Stages of Development Anal stage-18 to 36 months Results of toilet training instead of free release of sphincter muscles child must learn to hold on and then let go. Results develop if caretaker is overdemanding or overcontrolling told to hold on and told when to let go resulting in stinginess, constricted feelings, or stubbornness Overindulgence or lackadaisical result in wastefulness, exploitiveness, acquiescent, also messy, dirty, tardy, vagueness

Psychosexual stages: 

Psychosexual stages Phallic stage 36 to 60 months Interested in own genitalia and opposite sex Oedipal conflict Castration anxiety Electra conflict Latency stage – personality developed by 72 months of age. There is a lull between conflicted, pregenital time and the storm to emerge with adolescence

Psychosexual stages: 

Psychosexual stages Genital stage- in Freudian theory an individual does not enter stage without sme conflict between instinctual desires and social restraints.

Psychoanalytic Process: 

Psychoanalytic Process Goal is to make the unconscious conscious To remove symptoms, often somatic, you must help the patient become conscious of their resistance to letting go of the symptoms Gradually recognize that early life impulses as children are not as dangerous as initially thought. To prevent relapse one must use conscious processess to release our pregenital fixations so that we can continue to develop and mature at the genital level of functioning.

Therapeutic process: 

Therapeutic process Patient – free association looses defenses Dreams, childhood memories, Therapist uses four procedures- confrontation, clarification, interpretation(making unconscious conscious), and working through (resistance and transference) which is the longest and last step of psychotherapy. Catharsis is valuable but not one of the four change processes

Therapeutic content: 

Therapeutic content Intrapersonal conflicts Anxieties and defenses Primal anxiety due to birth truama Associated with panic which is the adult threat of being overwhelmed with instinctual stimulation Anxiety is the motivator which may drive a person to seek relief Self-esteem- not a major area for psychoanalysis

Therapeutic content: 

Therapeutic content Intrapersonal conflicts- Intimacy and sexuality- intimacy is basically a transference problem and can not develop fully if a person is fixated in a pregenital stage. Immature person distort experiences to fit internalized images resulting in poor intimacy. Communications Hostility- Control