Slide1: Total number of people living with HIV in the world: 39.5 (34.1 – 47.1) million Western andamp; Central Europe 740 000 [580 000 – 970 000] Middle East andamp; North Africa 460 000 [270 000 – 760 000] Sub-Saharan Africa 24.7 million [21.8 – 27.7 million] Eastern Europe andamp; Central Asia 1.7 million [1.2 – 2.6 million] South andamp; South-East Asia 7.8 million [5.2 – 12.0 million] Oceania 81 000 [50 000 – 170 000] North America 1.4 million [880 000 – 2.2 million] Caribbean 250 000 [190 000 – 320 000] Latin America 1.7 million [1.3 – 2.5 million] East Asia 750 000 [460 000 – 1.2 million] Source: UNAIDS 2006 The global epidemic continues to grow Estimated Number of People Living with HIV/AIDS, Worldwide, 2006


Slide2: Source: UNAIDS 2006 Estimated Number of People Living with HIV/AIDS, by WHO Region, 2006 South-East Asia Region has the second-highest burden of HIV/AIDS


Slide3: HIV Prevalence Among Adults in South-East Asia, 2005 Five countries account for the majority of HIV burden in the Region


Slide4: HIV on the decline in Thailand, Myanmar and Tamil Nadu in India HIV Prevalence Among Antenatal Attendees in Selected Countries of South-East Asia, 1991-2005


Slide5: Reported AIDS Cases in Indonesia, 1995-2006 Escalating HIV epidemic in Indonesia


Slide6: HIV Prevalence Among Injecting Drug Users, Nepal, 1991-2003 Steep increase in HIV among injecting drug users followed by increase in sex workers Note: Data unavailable for some years is reflected by dotted line


Slide7: Note: Data for Nepal is based on reported HIV infections (cumulative) Modes of HIV Transmission Among Reported AIDS Cases (cumulative) in Selected South-East Asian Countries, 2005 Epidemic in South-East Asia is primarily driven by unsafe sex and injecting drug use


Slide8: Changing routes of transmission over time in Thailand’s HIV epidemic Percentage of New HIV Infections by Mode of Transmission, Thailand, 1998-2010


Slide9: HIV Prevalence Among Female Sex Workers in Selected Countries, South-East Asia, 1995-2005 HIV remains uncontrolled among sex workers across South-East Asia Note: Data unavailable for some years is reflected by dotted line


Slide10: HIV continues to remain high or is sharply increasing among injecting drug users HIV Prevalence Among Injecting Drug Users in Selected South-East Asian Countries, 1991-2005 Note: Data unavailable for some years is reflected by dotted line


Slide11: HIV Prevalence Among Men Who Have Sex with Men in Selected South-East Asian Countries, 2003-2005 High HIV transmission among men who have sex with men


Slide12: Women are increasingly affected Female-to-Male Ratio Amount Reported AIDS Cases in Selected South-East Asian Countries, 1992-2005


Slide13: Sub national variation in HIV burden Median HIV Prevalence Among Antenatal Clinic Attendees, States of India, 1998-2005


Slide14: Southern and north-eastern states are most affected in India HIV Prevalence Among Antenatal Clinic Attendees, Districts of India, 1998-2005


Slide15: HIV Prevalence Among Selected High-Risk Groups, Thailand, 1989-2005 HIV remains high in injecting drug users and is increasing in men who have sex with men 17% 23% 38%


Slide16: The decreasing HIV epidemic in Myanmar appears to have reached a peak around 2000-2001 HIV Prevalence Among Antenatal Clinic Attendees and Military Recruits, Myanmar, 1992-2005


Slide17: HIV continues to increase among populations with high risk behaviours Note: Data unavailable for some years is reflected by dotted line HIV Prevalence Among Populations with High-Risk Behaviours, Indonesia, 1995-2005


Slide18: Epidemic is concentrated in population sub-groups with high-risk behaviors HIV Prevalence Among Populations with High-Risk Behaviours, Nepal, 2001-2005


Slide19: HIV Prevalence Among Injecting Drug Users, Bangladesh, 1999-2005 Consistent increase in HIV among injecting drug users in Bangladesh


Slide20: Prevalence of Sexually Transmitted Infections Among Sex Workers, by Sentinel Site, Indonesia, 2005 Sexually transmitted infections are very high among sex workers


Slide21: HIV Prevalence Among Tuberculosis Patients, India and Myanmar, 2005 A large proportion of TB patients need HIV services


Slide22: Knowledge and Practice About Condom Use Among Commercial Sex Workers and Clients, Indonesia, 2002-2003 Gaps in HIV-related knowledge, understanding and practices


Slide23: Risk Behaviours Among Injecting Drug Users in Three Cities of Indonesia, 2003 Dangerous combination—needle sharing and unprotected commercial sex


Slide24: Incidence of Sexually Transmitted Infections, Sri Lanka, 1989-2004 Steady decrease in syphilis


Slide25: Source: Mogasale, 2006 Scale-up of Clinical Services and Outreach for Sex Workers Under the Avahan Project, India, December 2004-June 2006 Successful scale-up of services for sex workers


Slide26: Impact of implementation of 100% Condom Use Programme on the Incidence of Sexually Transmitted Infections (STIs) and AIDS, Thailand, 1985-2003 Consistent decrease in sexually transmitted infections and AIDS cases with increasing rate of condom use


Slide27: Reported AIDS Cases Among Children (aged 0-4 years), Thailand, 1994-2004 Decrease in paediatric HIV infections after implementation of prevention of mother-to-child transmission programme


Slide28: Percentage of Blood Units Screened Testing Positive for HIV, Andhra Pradesh State, India, Myanmar and Thailand, 1989-2005 Improved blood safety


Slide29: Number of Beneficiaries of the National Voluntary Counseling and Testing Programme, India, 2002-2005 Six-fold increase of HIV counselling and testing services in India


Slide30: Successful Scale-up of Antiretroviral Treatment (ART) Programme in Thailand Successful scale-up of antiretroviral treatment in Thailand


Slide31: Outcomes of 5 241 patients six months after start of treatment Outcomes of 2,248 patients 12 months after start of treatment Outcomes of 388 patients 24 months after start of treatment Treatment Outcomes of Patients at Six, Twelve and Twenty-four Months After Start of Antiretroviral Treatment, India, 2004-2006 India’s successful national treatment programme showed high survival rates


Slide32: Referrals from Voluntary Counseling and Testing Centres to the National TB Programme in Comparable Periods, India, 2005-2006 Increasing collaboration between HIV and TB services


Slide33: Resources Mobilized from the Global Fund, Round 1-6 US$ 863 million were mobilized from the Global Fund