Slide1: FRBR : a new way to have access to the intellectual content in the bibliographic universe LIDA FRBR and FRANAR Workshop, Mljet, 2003 Eeva Murtomaa Helsinki University Library eeva.murtomaa@helsinki.fi


Slide2: Background In the early 1960’s The idea of the IFLA UBCIM Programme, Universal Bibliographic Control and International Marc programme - each publication would be catalogued only once in the country of its origin


Slide3: Cataloguing Conference of Directors of National Libraries, and the IFLA Division of Bibliographic Control - the changing environment of the bibliographic data - costs of cataloguing and authority control - increasing need to share bibliographic data nationally and internationally - how to meet the different users and their needs - how to get intellectual and physical access to the documents in the networked environment


Slide4: The Starting point to the FRBR-study A Seminar on Bibliographic Records, held on 15-16 August 1990 in Stockholm - ” the national bibliographic agency should be responsible for ensuring the recording of the national published output in all media, whilst taking account of the needs of the variety of groups of users” - ” a study should be commissioned to define the functional requirements for bibliographic records in relation to the variety of user needs and the variety of media”


Slide5: A Seminar on Bibliographic Records, held on 15-16 August 1990 in Stockholm - In this seminar IFLA Section on Cataloguing established a Study Group on Functional Requirements for Bibliographic Records


Slide6: A Seminar on Bibliographic Records, held on 15-16 August 1990 in Stockholm Goals - to create a conceptual framework for the future environment of bibliographic data - to investigate different users and user needs - to analyse the functions of the bibliographic records - to develope a logical record model for containing all important attributes and their interrelationships - a recommendation for the basic level bibliographic record created by national bibliographic agencies


Slide7: When we are now looking at the enormous mass of materials from past and present, which exists in all possible formats and forms, some questions arise: How to get relevant information from this chaos? How to get access to the same work embodied in different manifestations and possibly existing in different types of institutions?


Slide8: The electronic environment diminishes the importance of the form of information. Important is the intellectual and artistic content Our task is to create virtually seamless access to information and relevant retrieval of information for our users


Slide9: … a deeper semantic interoperability The entity-relationship model of the FRBR offers a new way for providing systematic access to the intellectual/artistic content of the works, in whatever medium that intellectual content is stored, and by whatever medium it is accessed The FRBR model is intended to be independent of any cataloguing code or implementation, and it opens new possibilities for organising bibliographic information


Slide10: The IFLA Study on Functional Requirements for Bibliographic Records published by K.G. Saur in 1998 ISBN 3-598-11382-X http://www.ifla.org/VII/s13/frbr/frbr.pdf http://www.ifla.org/VII/s13/frbr/frbr.htm


Slide11: What does the entity-relationship model mean?


Slide12: The entity-relationship model consists of entities attributes relationships Entity = key object of the user’s interest Attributes = elements associated with entities (e.g. place name)


Slide13: Entities Relationships Attributes entity entity Entity-relationship model relationship


Slide14: What are the generic tasks of the user? Our imaginary user is supposed to be looking for a particular document or trying to find out what information resources exist on a particular subject or person After successfull search result he wants to select one or more documents and verify their availability


Slide15: According to the FRBR the generic tasks of the user are to find to identify an entity to select an entity to obtain access to the entity described - rights managing, preservation, attributing royalties, navigating …(BT)


Slide16: The Entity-Relationship Model includes three groups of entities Group 1: - work - expression - manifestation - item


Slide17: Work: distinct intellectual or artistic creation (abstract entity)


Slide18: Expression Intellectual or artistic realization of a work e.g. in the form of software, or textual, visual, or coreographical notation, sound, image, movement,etc. or any combination different versions, revisions, performances, translations etc. may be considered as the expression of the parent work copyright protects the expression


Slide19: Manifestation represents the physical embodiment of an expression of a work e.g. resources which are issued or published


Slide20: Manifestation an expression or expressions of the work may be published in various ”carriers” such as manuscripts, books, continuum resources, maps, sound recordings, multimedia kits, films, electronic resources etc. The manifestation is representing all the physical objects that bear the same intellectual content and physical form


Slide21: Item the single copy of a manifestation e.g. the electronic article


Slide22: Group 2 entities: “responsibility entities” Persons and corporate bodies, which are responsible for the creation, realization or for the physical production or dissemination of the group 1 entities


Slide23: Group 3 include subject entities Concepts Objects Events Places -usually serving as the subjects of the works in addition group 1 and group 2 entities may appear as subjects of the works


Slide24: Group 1 entities and primary relationships work realized through expression embodied in manifestation exemplified by item


Slide25: Expression Work: The novel original


Slide26: Expression Work: Tthe novel original translation ”realized through”


Slide27: Expression Manifestation HTML Work: paper Tthe novel original translation ”embodied in”


Slide28: Expression Manifestation HTML copy copy url url Work: Item paper Tthe novel original translation ”exemplified by”


Slide29: Expression Manifestation HTML copy copy url url Work: Item The screenplay paper The novel original translation original paper


Slide30: Expression Manifestation HTML copy copy url url Work: Item The movie The screenplay paper The novel original translation original original paper reels videodiscs


Slide31: HTML copy copy url url Family of Works: The movie The screenplay paper The novel original translation original original paper reels videodiscs Sibling relationships


Slide32: Functional principles work Realized through expression embodied in manifestation exemplified by item Intellectual and artistic content Physical - recording of content


Slide33: Relationships various relationships reflect meaningful associations between different entities provide links between one entity and another help the user to formulate a search query (access points) explain relationships for identification and collocation assist users to ”navigate” in the bibliographic universe


Slide34: work work Relationship - successor - supplement - complement - summarization - adaptation - transformation - imitation - whole/part to


Slide35: expression expression Relationship - successor - supplement - complement - summarization - adaptation - transformation - imitation - whole/part to


Slide36: expression expression Relationship to - abridgement - revision - translation - musical arrangement - whole/part


Slide37: manifestation manifestation Relationship to - reproduction - alternate - whole/part


Slide38: manifestation manifestation Relationship to - reproduction - alternate - whole/part


Slide39: item item Relationship to - reconfiguration - reproduction - whole/part


Slide40: Group 2: Person(s) and coporate body(ies) – responsible for the Group 1 entities person corporate body creates is created by realizes is realized by produces is produced by owns is owned by work expression manifestation item


Slide41: Group 3: concept, object, event, or place usually as subjects of works possibility to link all works relevant to a given subject concept object event place work work work


Slide42: work work expression manifestation item person corporate body concept object event place Group 3. Subject relationship


Slide43: FRBR relations Mitchell, M. Hanson, Elizabeth I. Margaret Mitchell Atlanta Lost laysen Gone with the wind Gone with the wind [ motion picture] Prohujalo sa vihorom Adaptation Translation Part of Subject: Place Subject: Person Author Author Biblioteka izabrana dela


Slide45: manifestation work expression item Group 2 Is created by is realized by produced by Is owned by


Slide46: Relationships person - work created by Margaret Mitchell w1: Letters to A. Edee w2: Lost Laysen w3: Gone with the wind


Slide47: is realized by Storm in a Teacup (1937) Twenty One Days (1937) Gone with the wind (1939) Anna Karenina (1947) ... Relationships- person/corporate body expression


Slide48: ...film 1939, dir. by George Cukor Victor Fleming, starring Clark Gable, Vivien Leigh, Olivia de Havilland, Leslie Howard, Hattie McDaniel, Butterfly McQueen, prod. by David O. Selznick Relationships- person/corporate body expression


Slide49: Relationships person/corporate body - manifestation Selznick International Pictures Produced by David O. Selznick David copperfield (1935) Anna Karenina (1935) Gone with the wind (1939) Rebecca (1940) ...


Slide50: item Is ownewd by item


Slide51: Could we find FRBR model from the MARC -records included in the Finnish and Norwegian nationalbibliographies, and BIBSYS ?


Slide52: *008880325 no esp *02000 $a 82-991075-2-0 $b h. $c Nkr 60.00 *04110 $a espnor *08200 $a 839.822[S] *10010 $a Ibsen, Henrik $d 1828-1906 *24510 $a Puphejmo (1879) $c Henrik Ibsen ; tradukis:Odd Tangerud ; lingve kontrolita de Esperantista Verkista Asocio (EVA) *26000 $a Hokksund $b Eldonejo Odd Tangerud $c 1987 *26900 $a [Drammen] : Tangen-trykk *30000 $a [1], 57 s. $c 24 cm *50000 $a Originaltittel: Et dukkehjem. - Originalutgave: København : Gyldendal, 1879 *99100 $a Tangerud, Odd


Slide53: 001f521254 001f521255 008 941208s1946 fi j f 008941208s1946 se j f c 015 $a f521254 015 $a f521255 041 $a swe 041 $a swe 080 $a 839.79-3(024.7) 080 $a 839.79-3(024.7) 1001 $a Jansson $h Tove 1001 $a Jansson $h Tove 2452 $a Kometjakten 2452 $a Kometjakten $d Tove Jansson $d Tove Jansson 260 $a Helsingfors 260 $a Norrköping $b Söderström $c 1946 $b Sörlin $c 1946 300 $a [2], 179 s. $c 8:o 300 $a [2], 179 s. $c 8:o 011 $a swe $b f 011 $a swe $b f


Slide54: 001f521254 001f521255 008 941208s1946 fi j f 008941208s1946 se j f c 015 $a f521254 015 $a f521255 041 $a swe 041 $a fin $c swe 080 $a 839.79-3(024.7) 080 $a 839.79-3(024.7) 1001 $a Jansson $h Tove 1001 $a Jansson $h Tove 2452 $a Kometjakten 2452 $a Takaisin Muumilaaksoon $d Tove Jansson $d Tove Jansson 260 $a Helsingfors 260 $a Porvoov$a Hki $a Juva $b Söderström $c 1946 $b WSOY $c 1988 300 $a [2], 179 s. $c 8:o 300 $a 250 s. $b kuv. $c 30 cm 011 $a swe $b f 500 $a Alkuteokset: Kometjakten ; Trollkarlens hatt … 505 Sisältö: Muumipeikko ja pyrstötähti ; ... 70011 $a Järvinen $h Liisa 011 $a fin $b f


Slide55: 3. Identifying the manifestation: our string *001887091044X *008941107s1994 it j c *021 $a 88-7091-044-X $c nid. *0411 $a ita $c swe *080 $a 839.79-3 *1001 $a Jansson $h Tove $c 1914- *241 $a Resa med lätt bagage *2452 $a Viaggio con bagaglio leggero $d Tove Jansson $e introduzione di Carmen Giorgetti Cima $e [traduzione dallo svedese di Carmen Giorgetti Cima] *260 $a Milano $b Iperborea $c 1994 *300 $a 187, [1] s. $c 20 cm *490 $a Iperborea $v 44 $y 0044 *70021$a Giorgetti Cima $h Carmen *011 $a ita $b j


Slide56: Card catalogue 1.


Slide57: Card catalogue 2.


Slide58: Tree


Slide59: Impacts to the cataloguing rules FRBR terminology ISBD (International Standard for Bibliographic Description) Joint Steering Committee for Revision of AACR. Models for expression-level cataloguing e.g. AACR First IFLA Meeting of Experts on an International Cataloguing Code, July 28 - 30, 2003, Frankfurt am Main, Germany


Slide60: Sources Functional requirements for bibliographic records : final report. - Munchen : Saur, 1998. - (UBCIM Publications-new Series ; vol. 19). Also available: http://ifla.org/VII/s13/frbr/frbr.pdf Hegna, Knut and Murtomaa, Eeva: Data mining MARC to find: FRBR? 13th March 2002. http://folk.uio.no/knuthe/dok/frbr/datamining.pdf Tillett, Barbara: Bibliographic relationships. In: C. A. Bean & R. Green: Relationships in the Organization of Knowledge, 19-35. 2001 Tillett, Barbara: The FRBR model (Functional Requiremets for Bibliographic Records / a presentation by Dr. Barbara Tillett : June 15.2002 for ALA ALCTS CCS CC:DA, Atlanta, Georgia (Power Point)