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See all Premium member Presentation Transcript A Brief History of Computers: A Brief History of Computers By Bernard John Poole, MSIS Associate Professor of Education and Instructional Technology University of Pittsburgh at Johnstown Johnstown, PA 15904Pre-Mechanical Computing: From Counting on fingers to pebbles to hash marks on walls to hash marks on bone to hash marks in sand: Pre-Mechanical Computing: From Counting on fingers to pebbles to hash marks on walls to hash marks on bone to hash marks in sand Interesting thought: Do any species, other than homo sapiens, count?Mechanical computers: Mechanical computers From The Abacus c. 4000 BCE to Charles Babbage and his Difference Engine (1812)Mechanical computers: The Abacus (c. 3000 BCE): Mechanical computers: The Abacus (c. 3000 BCE)Napier’s Bones and Logarithms (1617): Napier’s Bones and Logarithms (1617) Picture courtesy IBMOughtred’s (1621) and Schickard‘s (1623] slide rule: Oughtred’s (1621) and Schickard‘s (1623] slide ruleBlaise Pascal’s Pascaline (1645): Blaise Pascal’s Pascaline (1645)Gottfried Wilhelm von Leibnitz’s Stepped Reckoner (1674): Gottfried Wilhelm von Leibnitz’s Stepped Reckoner (1674)Joseph-Marie Jacquard and his punched card controlled looms (1804): Joseph-Marie Jacquard and his punched card controlled looms (1804)Preparing the cards with the pattern for the cloth to be woven: Preparing the cards with the pattern for the cloth to be wovenCharles Babbage (1791-1871) The Father of Computers: Charles Babbage (1791-1871) The Father of ComputersCharles Babbage’s Difference Engine: Charles Babbage’s Difference EngineCharles Babbage’s Analytical Engine: Charles Babbage’s Analytical EngineLady Augusta Ada Countess of Lovelace: Lady Augusta Ada Countess of Lovelace Read Lady Augusta Ada’s translation of Menabrea’s Sketch of the Analytical EngineElectro-mechanical computers: Electro-mechanical computers From Herman Hollerith’s 1890 Census Counting Machine to Howard Aiken and the Harvard Mark I (1944)Herman Hollerith and his Census Tabulating Machine (1884): Herman Hollerith and his Census Tabulating Machine (1884)A closer look at the Census Tabulating Machine: A closer look at the Census Tabulating MachineThe Harvard Mark I (1944) aka IBM’s Automatic Sequence Controlled Calculator (ASCC): The Harvard Mark I (1944) aka IBM’s Automatic Sequence Controlled Calculator (ASCC)The first computer bug: The first computer bug Rear Admiral Dr. Grace Murray HopperElectronic digital computers: Electronic digital computers From John Vincent Atanasoff’s 1939 Atanasoff-Berry Computer (ABC) to the present dayAlan Turing 1912-1954: Alan Turing 1912-1954 The Turing Machine Aka The Universal Machine 1936John Vincent Atanasoff (1903-1995): John Vincent Atanasoff (1903-1995) Physics Prof At Iowa State University, Ames, IA Clifford Berry (1918-1963): Clifford Berry (1918-1963) PhD student of Dr. Atanasoff’s1939 The Atanasoff-Berry Computer (ABC): 1939 The Atanasoff-Berry Computer (ABC) The ABC was the first electronic digital computer, invented by John Vincent Atanasoff1943 Bletchley Park’s Colossus: 1943 Bletchley Park’s Colossus The Enigma Machine1946 The ENIAC: 1946 The ENIAC John Presper Eckert (1919-1995) and John Mauchly (1907-1980) of the University of Pennsylvania Moore School of EngineeringThe ENIAC: Electronic Numerical Integrator and Computer: The ENIAC: Electronic Numerical Integrator and ComputerENIAC’s Wiring!: ENIAC’s Wiring!Programming the ENIAC: Programming the ENIAC1951 Univac: 1951 Univac Typical 1968 prices—EX-cluding maintenance & support!“What hath God wrought!” (first telegraph message sent by Samuel Morse, 1844) Electronic and computing technology quickly progressed—at an ever-accelerating pace— from vacuum tubes (Lee de Forrest, the audion, 1907) to transistors (William Shockley et al. 1947) to semiconductors (Jack Kilby & Robert Noyce, 1958) to microprocessors (M.E. “Ted” Hoff, 1971) to networking and the Internet (Vinton Cerf & Robert Kahn, 1982] to the World Wide Web (Tim Berners-Lee, 1991) and beyond… Whatever next?…: “What hath God wrought!” (first telegraph message sent by Samuel Morse, 1844) Electronic and computing technology quickly progressed—at an ever-accelerating pace— from vacuum tubes (Lee de Forrest, the audion, 1907) to transistors (William Shockley et al. 1947) to semiconductors (Jack Kilby & Robert Noyce, 1958) to microprocessors (M.E. “Ted” Hoff, 1971) to networking and the Internet (Vinton Cerf & Robert Kahn, 1982] to the World Wide Web (Tim Berners-Lee, 1991) and beyond… Whatever next?…Acknowledgements (continued on next slide): Acknowledgements (continued on next slide) For one of the best written books on the history of computers, check out Engines of the Mind : The Evolution of the Computer from Mainframes to Microprocessors -- by Joel N. Shurkin (Paperback) A movingly beautiful book on Alan Turing is Alan Turing: the Enigma, by Andrew Hodges An excellent, readable book on Cryptography is Simon Singh’s THE CODE BOOK. The Secret History of Codes and Code-Breaking Tutorials on the encryption software PGP (Pretty Good Privacy) can be found at http://www.pitt.edu/~poole/PGPintro.htm All pictures and some of the information were obtained from various sites on the World Wide Web. Complete list follows: Abacus: http://qi-journal.com/action.lasso?-Token.SearchID=Abacus&-Response=culture.asp Napier: http://www-groups.dcs.st-andrews.ac.uk/~history/Mathematicians/Napier.html http://www.maxmon.com/1600ad.htm Slide Rules: http://www.hpmuseum.org/sliderul.htm Pascal’s Pascaline: http://www.thocp.net/hardware/pascaline.htm Leibnitz Stepped Reckoner: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stepped_Reckoner Jacquard looms: http://history.acusd.edu/gen/recording/jacquard1.html http://www.deutsches-museum.de/ausstell/meister/e_web.htm Acknowledgements (continued): Acknowledgements (continued) Charles Babbage: http://ei.cs.vt.edu/~history/Babbage.html http://www.sciencemuseum.org.uk/on-line/babbage/index.asp Lady Augusta Ada, Countess of Lovelace: http://www.well.com/user/adatoole/bio.htm http://www.fourmilab.ch/babbage/sketch.html Electricity: http://www.mediaeng.com/historyelect.html (beautifully written pocket history of electricity & magnetism) Herman Hollerith: http://www-groups.dcs.st-andrews.ac.uk/~history/Mathematicians/Hollerith.html Howard Aiken & The Harvard Mark I: http://www-groups.dcs.st-andrews.ac.uk/~history/Mathematicians/Aiken.html Alan Turing: http://www-groups.dcs.st-andrews.ac.uk/~history/Mathematicians/Turing.html John Vincent Atanasoff: http://www.cs.iastate.edu/jva/books/mollenhoff/overview.shtml Biographies of Atanasoff and Clifford Berry: http://www.scl.ameslab.gov/ABC/Biographies.html J. Presper Eckert: http://www-groups.dcs.st-andrews.ac.uk/~history/Mathematicians/Eckert_John.html John Mauchly: http://www-groups.dcs.st-andrews.ac.uk/~history/Mathematicians/Mauchly.html The patent controversy: http://www.library.upenn.edu/special/gallery/mauchly/jwm7.html ARPANet: http://www.dei.isep.ipp.pt/docs/arpa.html Thanks to the following EDTECH listserv colleagues and friends who have reviewed the presentation and provided amendments and additional material for inclusion on the slides and in the notes. Nancy Head, online instructor, Michigan Virtual High School (MVHS), U.S.A., on the web at www.mivhs.org Mandi Axmann, Instructional Designer, Open Universities Australia You do not have the permission to view this presentation. In order to view it, please contact the author of the presentation.
history of computers Sabatini Download Post to : URL : Related Presentations : Share Add to Flag Embed Email Send to Blogs and Networks Add to Channel Uploaded from authorPOINTLite Insert YouTube videos in PowerPont slides with aS Desktop Copy embed code: (To copy code, click on the text box) Embed: URL: Thumbnail: WordPress Embed Customize Embed The presentation is successfully added In Your Favorites. Views: 12978 Category: Entertainment License: All Rights Reserved Like it (14) Dislike it (0) Added: January 05, 2008 This Presentation is Public Favorites: 6 Presentation Description No description available. Comments Posting comment... By: mangabe (7 month(s) ago) Sure it is nice! Good collection of Facts! Saving..... Post Reply Close Saving..... Edit Comment Close By: anandanbansal (7 month(s) ago) hey it seems to b a nice presentation ............................... Saving..... Post Reply Close Saving..... Edit Comment Close By: cynthiamanuel (9 month(s) ago) Kindly provide me this presentation for personal use. My email address is cynthiamanuel792@gmail.com. Thanks in advance. Saving..... Post Reply Close Saving..... Edit Comment Close By: chloezel81 (10 month(s) ago) nice..i want to have a copy to that presentation Saving..... Post Reply Close Saving..... Edit Comment Close By: zailek (10 month(s) ago) please help me, i want you presention to my own Saving..... Post Reply Close Saving..... Edit Comment Close loading.... See all Premium member Presentation Transcript A Brief History of Computers: A Brief History of Computers By Bernard John Poole, MSIS Associate Professor of Education and Instructional Technology University of Pittsburgh at Johnstown Johnstown, PA 15904Pre-Mechanical Computing: From Counting on fingers to pebbles to hash marks on walls to hash marks on bone to hash marks in sand: Pre-Mechanical Computing: From Counting on fingers to pebbles to hash marks on walls to hash marks on bone to hash marks in sand Interesting thought: Do any species, other than homo sapiens, count?Mechanical computers: Mechanical computers From The Abacus c. 4000 BCE to Charles Babbage and his Difference Engine (1812)Mechanical computers: The Abacus (c. 3000 BCE): Mechanical computers: The Abacus (c. 3000 BCE)Napier’s Bones and Logarithms (1617): Napier’s Bones and Logarithms (1617) Picture courtesy IBMOughtred’s (1621) and Schickard‘s (1623] slide rule: Oughtred’s (1621) and Schickard‘s (1623] slide ruleBlaise Pascal’s Pascaline (1645): Blaise Pascal’s Pascaline (1645)Gottfried Wilhelm von Leibnitz’s Stepped Reckoner (1674): Gottfried Wilhelm von Leibnitz’s Stepped Reckoner (1674)Joseph-Marie Jacquard and his punched card controlled looms (1804): Joseph-Marie Jacquard and his punched card controlled looms (1804)Preparing the cards with the pattern for the cloth to be woven: Preparing the cards with the pattern for the cloth to be wovenCharles Babbage (1791-1871) The Father of Computers: Charles Babbage (1791-1871) The Father of ComputersCharles Babbage’s Difference Engine: Charles Babbage’s Difference EngineCharles Babbage’s Analytical Engine: Charles Babbage’s Analytical EngineLady Augusta Ada Countess of Lovelace: Lady Augusta Ada Countess of Lovelace Read Lady Augusta Ada’s translation of Menabrea’s Sketch of the Analytical EngineElectro-mechanical computers: Electro-mechanical computers From Herman Hollerith’s 1890 Census Counting Machine to Howard Aiken and the Harvard Mark I (1944)Herman Hollerith and his Census Tabulating Machine (1884): Herman Hollerith and his Census Tabulating Machine (1884)A closer look at the Census Tabulating Machine: A closer look at the Census Tabulating MachineThe Harvard Mark I (1944) aka IBM’s Automatic Sequence Controlled Calculator (ASCC): The Harvard Mark I (1944) aka IBM’s Automatic Sequence Controlled Calculator (ASCC)The first computer bug: The first computer bug Rear Admiral Dr. Grace Murray HopperElectronic digital computers: Electronic digital computers From John Vincent Atanasoff’s 1939 Atanasoff-Berry Computer (ABC) to the present dayAlan Turing 1912-1954: Alan Turing 1912-1954 The Turing Machine Aka The Universal Machine 1936John Vincent Atanasoff (1903-1995): John Vincent Atanasoff (1903-1995) Physics Prof At Iowa State University, Ames, IA Clifford Berry (1918-1963): Clifford Berry (1918-1963) PhD student of Dr. Atanasoff’s1939 The Atanasoff-Berry Computer (ABC): 1939 The Atanasoff-Berry Computer (ABC) The ABC was the first electronic digital computer, invented by John Vincent Atanasoff1943 Bletchley Park’s Colossus: 1943 Bletchley Park’s Colossus The Enigma Machine1946 The ENIAC: 1946 The ENIAC John Presper Eckert (1919-1995) and John Mauchly (1907-1980) of the University of Pennsylvania Moore School of EngineeringThe ENIAC: Electronic Numerical Integrator and Computer: The ENIAC: Electronic Numerical Integrator and ComputerENIAC’s Wiring!: ENIAC’s Wiring!Programming the ENIAC: Programming the ENIAC1951 Univac: 1951 Univac Typical 1968 prices—EX-cluding maintenance & support!“What hath God wrought!” (first telegraph message sent by Samuel Morse, 1844) Electronic and computing technology quickly progressed—at an ever-accelerating pace— from vacuum tubes (Lee de Forrest, the audion, 1907) to transistors (William Shockley et al. 1947) to semiconductors (Jack Kilby & Robert Noyce, 1958) to microprocessors (M.E. “Ted” Hoff, 1971) to networking and the Internet (Vinton Cerf & Robert Kahn, 1982] to the World Wide Web (Tim Berners-Lee, 1991) and beyond… Whatever next?…: “What hath God wrought!” (first telegraph message sent by Samuel Morse, 1844) Electronic and computing technology quickly progressed—at an ever-accelerating pace— from vacuum tubes (Lee de Forrest, the audion, 1907) to transistors (William Shockley et al. 1947) to semiconductors (Jack Kilby & Robert Noyce, 1958) to microprocessors (M.E. “Ted” Hoff, 1971) to networking and the Internet (Vinton Cerf & Robert Kahn, 1982] to the World Wide Web (Tim Berners-Lee, 1991) and beyond… Whatever next?…Acknowledgements (continued on next slide): Acknowledgements (continued on next slide) For one of the best written books on the history of computers, check out Engines of the Mind : The Evolution of the Computer from Mainframes to Microprocessors -- by Joel N. Shurkin (Paperback) A movingly beautiful book on Alan Turing is Alan Turing: the Enigma, by Andrew Hodges An excellent, readable book on Cryptography is Simon Singh’s THE CODE BOOK. The Secret History of Codes and Code-Breaking Tutorials on the encryption software PGP (Pretty Good Privacy) can be found at http://www.pitt.edu/~poole/PGPintro.htm All pictures and some of the information were obtained from various sites on the World Wide Web. Complete list follows: Abacus: http://qi-journal.com/action.lasso?-Token.SearchID=Abacus&-Response=culture.asp Napier: http://www-groups.dcs.st-andrews.ac.uk/~history/Mathematicians/Napier.html http://www.maxmon.com/1600ad.htm Slide Rules: http://www.hpmuseum.org/sliderul.htm Pascal’s Pascaline: http://www.thocp.net/hardware/pascaline.htm Leibnitz Stepped Reckoner: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stepped_Reckoner Jacquard looms: http://history.acusd.edu/gen/recording/jacquard1.html http://www.deutsches-museum.de/ausstell/meister/e_web.htm Acknowledgements (continued): Acknowledgements (continued) Charles Babbage: http://ei.cs.vt.edu/~history/Babbage.html http://www.sciencemuseum.org.uk/on-line/babbage/index.asp Lady Augusta Ada, Countess of Lovelace: http://www.well.com/user/adatoole/bio.htm http://www.fourmilab.ch/babbage/sketch.html Electricity: http://www.mediaeng.com/historyelect.html (beautifully written pocket history of electricity & magnetism) Herman Hollerith: http://www-groups.dcs.st-andrews.ac.uk/~history/Mathematicians/Hollerith.html Howard Aiken & The Harvard Mark I: http://www-groups.dcs.st-andrews.ac.uk/~history/Mathematicians/Aiken.html Alan Turing: http://www-groups.dcs.st-andrews.ac.uk/~history/Mathematicians/Turing.html John Vincent Atanasoff: http://www.cs.iastate.edu/jva/books/mollenhoff/overview.shtml Biographies of Atanasoff and Clifford Berry: http://www.scl.ameslab.gov/ABC/Biographies.html J. Presper Eckert: http://www-groups.dcs.st-andrews.ac.uk/~history/Mathematicians/Eckert_John.html John Mauchly: http://www-groups.dcs.st-andrews.ac.uk/~history/Mathematicians/Mauchly.html The patent controversy: http://www.library.upenn.edu/special/gallery/mauchly/jwm7.html ARPANet: http://www.dei.isep.ipp.pt/docs/arpa.html Thanks to the following EDTECH listserv colleagues and friends who have reviewed the presentation and provided amendments and additional material for inclusion on the slides and in the notes. Nancy Head, online instructor, Michigan Virtual High School (MVHS), U.S.A., on the web at www.mivhs.org Mandi Axmann, Instructional Designer, Open Universities Australia