CONTROL ON ANIMAL HOUSE

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CONTROL ON ANIMAL HOUSE M.RAVISHANKAR M.PHARM ANALYSIS SWAMY VIVEKANANDHA COLLEGE OF PHARMACY

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CONTENTS LOCATION MAINTENANCE OF THE ANIMALS DIET CLEANLINESS LITTERS CAGES VENTILATION TEMPERATURE AND HUMIDITY PREVENTION OF DISEASE BEDDING IN THE CAGES HYGIENE HUMAN WAYS OF KILLING ANIMALS DISPOSAL OF ANIMALS

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LOCATION OF THE ANIMAL HOUSE It should be separate building It should be Clean and hygienic It should be protected from insects Animal house should have maximum number of room It should have quarantine area, so that new animals can be held for observation It should have extra space for office surgery stores washings sterilizing

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Good ventilation should be provided by air conditioner Should have exhaust fans to remove the odours Heating arrangements should be provided during winter climate IN THE SIMPLEST FORM OF ANIMAL HOUSE SHOULD HAVE FOUR DEPARTMENTS NORMAL ANIMALS EXPERIMENTAL ANIMALS CLEAN STORE FOR FOOD AND FEEDING WASHING,CLEANING AND INCINERATING

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MAINTENANCE OF THE ANIMALS Animals should live in comfort and psychologically acceptable habitate Over crowding should not be permitted Small animals like rat, mice should be kept in cages which are built of plastic, galvanized iron or aluminium etc……. Anodized aluminium cages are suitable as it is light weight and corrosion Resistance Size of cages should have adequate space for animals to move freely Cages should have removable closures to place food and water Cages should be cleaned and frequently sterilized The bedding should be clean in order to prevent infections

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DIET Must be sufficient in quantity to cover energy required It should be correct quality to satisfy biological need It should be appetizing A balance diet should be given regularly Its containing fat,carbohydrate,proteins,vitamins,minerals

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CLEANLINESS Animals will not live under dirty condition They should be kept clean, otherwise there is a risk of epidermal disease Weekly once animals should be transferred to clean cages The dirty cages washed with soap water and sterilized in hot air oven Breeding animals should not be changed frequently, because they may lose the weight

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LITTERS A layer of absorbent material should be spread to a depth of ½ - 1 inch on the bottom of cage Fine soft wood, wood shavings ,sugar cane pith can be used for absorbent Pregnant animals must be supplied with nesting materials

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CAGES Each species of animals requires its own type of cage It should have enough room for free movement and space for resting Cage should have holder for SMALL CARD on which THE NAME OF EXPERIMENT IDENTIFYING MARK OF THE ANIMALS DATA AND RELEVANT MATTER IS WRITTEN Card must not be remove before conclusion of experiment The card must be placed in such a way that it cannot be detached by the animals Breeding cages should be labeled to easy identification

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VENTILATION Ideally all the animal house should be air conditioned, if not adequate ventilation from windows should be ensured Animals kept in badly ventilated room are more liable to respiratory disease The exhaust air should be discharged in a manner where it cannot re enter buildings

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TEMPERATURE AND HUMIDITY THE ANIMAL HOUSE TEMP. MUST BE MAINTAINED SUDDEN FLUCTUATION IN TEMPERATURE MUST BE AVOIDED THE HUMIDITY OF THE ANIMAL HOUSE MUST BE MODERATE DEPENDING ON THE ANIMAL HABITAT RABBIT - 45 % MICE - 65 %

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PREVENTION OF DISEASE THE NEW ANIMAL SHOULD BE KEPT IN A SPEACIAL QUARANTINE ROOM AND KEPT FOR OBSERVATION 10 – 14 DAYS DURING THIS PERIOD,ANY ANIMAL SICK (OR) DEAD,THE STOCK SHOULD BE HELD IN QUARANTINE

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BEDDING IN THE CAGES TWO TYPES 1. ABSORBENT TYPES OF BEDDING 2. BEDDING USED FOR NESTING STORAGE OF BEDDING SHOULD BE STORED IN A DRY AND VENTILATED BUILDING WOOD WOOL AND STRAW TO BE KEPT ON RACKS OF THE FLOOR TO AVOID CONTAMINATION BEDDING OF ANIMALS IN TRANSIT NECESSARY TO PREVENT THE SHOCK CAUSED BY HANDLING OF BOXES DISPOSAL OF BEDDING STERILISATION OF INFECTED BEDDING ALONG WITH THE CAGE MUST BE DONE AFTER STERILISATION THE BEDDING SHOULD BE REMOVED AND BURNT

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HYGIENE STERILIZATION It is the process of removing all living pathogenic organism METHODS HEAT CHEMICAL IRRADIATION DISINFECTION It is the killing of organisms by the application of chemicals physical agents to contaminated objects

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HUMAN WAYS OF KILLING THE ANIMALS PHYSICAL METHOD BLOWING PITTHING BLOWING : EXPLOSIONS OF ANIMALS PITHING : BRAIN OF THE ANIMAL IS DESTROYED BY A TOOL CALLED A PITHING CANE OR ROD

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CHEMICAL METHOD VOLATILE AGENTS ETHER CHLOROFORM NON-VOLATILE AGENTS MAGNESIUM SULPHATE

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DISPOSAL THE BEST WAY OF DISPOSING OF THE ANIMALS IS TO BURN THERE BY INCENERATOR BEFORE THIS IT IS ESSENTIAL TO MAKE SURE THAT THE ANIMAL IS DEAD

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THANK YOU SUBMITED BY RAVISHANKAR.M M.PHARM ANALYSIS