seago nurse migration slides

The Global Nursing Shortage and Nurse Migration: 

The Global Nursing Shortage and Nurse Migration Jean Ann Seago, PhD, RN Associate Professor University of California, San Francisco

Employed Nurse Workforce: 

Employed Nurse Workforce * New Zealand includes both RNs and midwives

Projected Nurse Shortage inNorth America:: 

Projected Nurse Shortage in North America: United States 275,000 RN FTE shortfall in 2010 808,000 RN FTE shortfall in 2020 Canada National projections unavailable 30,000 RNs will be lost in 50-65 age group by 2006, a 13% loss from 2001 Mexico Possible surplus of supply over budgeted positions but few nurses migrating to U.S.

Projected Nurse ShortageUnited Kingdom: 

Projected Nurse Shortage United Kingdom England 108,000 additional RN FTEs needed by 2020 Wales 6,000 additional RNs needed by 2010 Scotland 12,000 additional RNs and midwives needed by 2007

Nurse ShortageAustralia & New Zealand: 

Nurse Shortage Australia & New Zealand Australia Projected shortage of 40,000 nurses by 2010 New Zealand RN shortages reported throughout health sector

Push and Pull Factorsin International Nurse Migration: 

Push and Pull Factors in International Nurse Migration Push Factors Low pay Poor working conditions Poorly resourced systems Limited career opportunities Limited education Impact of HIV/AIDS Dangerous environment Economic instability Pull Factors Higher pay/ opportunities for remittances Better working conditions Better resourced systems Career opportunities Provision of post-basic education Political stability Travel opportunities

International RNs By Host and Source Countries: 

International RNs By Host and Source Countries

Workforce RNs per 100,000 Population in Sending and Receiving Countries: 

Workforce RNs per 100,000 Population in Sending and Receiving Countries * New Zealand includes both RNs and midwives.

Acknowledgements: 

Acknowledgements Julie Sochalski, PhD, RN, University of Pennsylvania James Buchan, PhD, Queen Margaret University College in Edinburgh, Scotland

Nurse Immigration Applicants to US, 2001: 

Nurse Immigration Applicants to US, 2001 Applicants CGFNS Exam 19,903 Take CGFNS Exam 17,496 Pass CGFNS Exam 5,718 Take TOEFL Exam* 3,052 Pass TOEFL Exam 2,887 Visa Screen Certificate 3,482 Entry: less than 5000 Must pass NCLEX to practice as nurse *Applicants educated in English exempt

UK- % of New Home Trained and Overseas Registrants: 

UK- % of New Home Trained and Overseas Registrants

UK Registered Nurses from Selected African Countries, 1998-2002: 

UK Registered Nurses from Selected African Countries, 1998-2002

Flows of nurses between Ireland and UK: 

Flows of nurses between Ireland and UK

Slide14: 

Foreign New Nurse Registrants per 100 Domestic New Nurse Registrants: Ireland

Australia: Nurse Migration Patterns: 

Australia: Nurse Migration Patterns Net inflow Inflow Outflow 2000: Net Gain 406

Philippines: 

Philippines In 2001, 13,500 nurses, about one-quarter of total nurses employed in hospitals left the country for foreign jobs. Government of Philippines actively supports nurses working abroad. Remittances a major motivation: Global nurse remittances up from less than $2 billion in 1970 to $70 billion in 1995 20% of the income of poorest Filipino families is from remittances

Issues: 

Issues Individual versus Country Financial versus Ethical

Policy Decisions Affecting Nurse Shortages: 

Policy Decisions Affecting Nurse Shortages Poor working conditions and work design Inadequate nurse staffing Inflexible scheduling policies Layoffs and forced casual work Failure to produce sufficient supply Inadequate investments in nurse education Policies that increase nurse demand Reductions in length of hospital stay Declining relative wages

Nurse Migration: Global Issues: 

Nurse Migration: Global Issues Migration is symptom of longstanding workforce imbalance, not the answer to nurse shortages in developed countries. Demand for nurses will continue to grow in developed countries; need greater reliance on domestic nurse supply. Protect the rights of nurses to travel in order to advance global nurse expertise. Protect knowledge workers in developing countries by investing foreign aid in nursing education.