Cucumbers

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Cucumber (Cucumis sativus): 

Cucumber (Cucumis sativus) Key concepts Center of origin Monoecious Gynoecious Parthenocarpic Slicing versus pickling cucumbers Quality characteristics Problems

Originated in Africa or Asia: 

Originated in Africa or Asia Why the uncertainty? Ancient ___________ routes connected Africa and India A network of sea routes linked the incense ports in Saudi Arabia and Somalia with ports in the Persian Gulf and India _____________ freely flowed along these routes

Cucumber center of origin: 

Cucumber center of origin What is a center of origin? Where the crop species or its relatives grow in the _______ Two processes Utilization as a __________ Ability to grow as a _______ Some crops spread rapidly from center of _____ others spread is slower Cucumber – ________ spread Eggplant – ________ spread

Separate male and female flowers: 

Separate male and female flowers Separate male and female flowers Monoecious Require ___________ pollination Will produce __________ flowers first Produce 10-20 times more flowers Release pollen and fall off

Gynoecious cultivars: 

Gynoecious cultivars Have all _______ flowers Why use a gynoecious cultivar? Energy not used to produce __________ flowers Can produce more fruit Usually a small amount of seed from a standard cultivar is mixed in as the ________________

Parthenocarpic cucumbers: 

Parthenocarpic cucumbers Produce fruit without _______________ Often used in _________ production Why? Differences from field grown cucumbers Longer and thinner Plants are grown ______________ Seedless Flavor is better? Is it worth the additional cost

Cucumber – Slicing: 

Cucumber – Slicing Used fresh without addition ___________ Look for: Dark, smooth skin Small diameter

Burpless cucumber: 

Burpless cucumber These are _________ in flavor and thin-skinned Some people get stomach problems when they eat cucumber ____________ Probably don’t stop burping and name comes from Burplee Seed Company

Cucumber - Pickling: 

Cucumber - Pickling Pickling Used for making pickles and sometimes ________ Types of pickles depend on: Preparation (i.e. dills) Size

West Indies Gerkin or bur cucumber: 

West Indies Gerkin or bur cucumber Derived from an _____________ species Brought to Americas directly from Africa Extensively grown in West Indies Almost spherical fruit used for ____________ Gerkin also used to describe small pickles

Slicing Cucumbers vs. Pickling: 

Slicing Cucumbers vs. Pickling

Cucumbers: Harvesting: 

Cucumbers: Harvesting Pick before the _____________ start to mature Fruit that contains ______________ seed is preferred Do not allow cucumbers to turn _____________ Yellow fruit are overly mature Often have a bitter taste

Cucumbers: Problems: 

Cucumbers: Problems Cucumber beetle Must be controlled because they transmit ______________ wilt Control Synthetic insecticides Exclusion with ______________ Poor fruit quality Incomplete ___________ ____________ during pollination and fruit development