03 34 068

34.068 Shop Methods: 

34.068 Shop Methods Safety Measures for Shop Methods

Agriculture:: 

Agriculture: One of the Most Hazardous Industries in the World type of operation cause stress distraction illnesses type of equipment used for production injuries non-fatal fatal “Individuals must know the conditions in which they work and the hazards they face”

Slide3: 

Farm machinery Farm buildings Confined spaces animal handling facilities manure - toxic gases grain handling facilities dust - asphyxiation Large animals Use of fertilizers Use of pesticides

Farmers should establish an effective agriculture safety program : 

Farmers should establish an effective agriculture safety program Management must have an active participation in establishing this program: 1. Commitment to the program 2. Communication with employees 3. Train old and new employees 4. Investigate all accidents 5. Evaluate policies to reduce hazardous situations

Establishing an Effective Agriculture Safety Program : 

Establishing an Effective Agriculture Safety Program 1. Commitment Develop and commit to the implementation of a safety program Support the safety and health policies Allocate resources to support the program Be accountable for policy compliance

Establishing an Effective Agriculture Safety Program (continued): 

Establishing an Effective Agriculture Safety Program (continued) 2. Communication Communication must be bi-directional - safety policies must be known and understood by employees - management must be aware of employee safety concerns Communicate farm policies to everyone - including visitors - have accountability for policy compliance Management must look after their employees - employees in turn look after the farm’s interests

Establishing an Effective Agriculture Safety Program(continued): 

Establishing an Effective Agriculture Safety Program (continued) 3. Training All new workers should have an orientation Train supervisors and workers Train to recognize hazards indicate areas of possible injuries Know where every first aid kit is on the farm Know what to do in case of an emergency

Establishing an Effective Agriculture Safety Program(continued): 

Establishing an Effective Agriculture Safety Program (continued) 4. Investigation Develop a protocol for investigation Ensure that all accidents are reported internally Develop remedial measures to each reported accident 5. Evaluation Farm’s objectives on safety and health must be met Incorporate additional strategies to address new concerns

Personal Protective Equipment: 

Personal Protective Equipment Head Protection Eye Safety Respiratory Protection Hearing Protection Hand Protection Body Coverings Foot Protection First Aid

Head Protection: 

Head Protection Hard hats Prevents many on-farm injuries - impacts, falling or flying objects * cutting or trimming trees * blasting repairs in enclosed places with low ceiling * electrical work * working with chemicals - best head protection don’t wear baseball caps (cotton baseball caps absorb chemicals)

Eye Safety : 

Eye Safety You need eye protection when: Handling or applying pesticides Working in dust, chaff or other flying particles Working around trees specially under low hanging branches Working in the workshop drilling grinding sawing or lathing

Eye Safety(continued): 

Eye Safety (continued) 1. Safety glasses Can be fitted with prescription and non-prescription lenses Side shields can be attached to the frames 2. Goggles Gives front and side protection Fit over regular glasses 3. Clear plastic face shields Best protection against chemical splashes flying particles unexpected heavy impacts

Basic Eye First Aid: 

Basic Eye First Aid Depends upon the type of injury sustained: Let natural tears wash out specks in the eye Don’t rub the eye, if possible 1. Blows to the eye Apply cold compresses for 15 minutes Reduce pain and swelling If discoloration see a physician

Basic Eye First Aid(continued): 

Basic Eye First Aid (continued) 2. Cut and Punctures to the Eye Bandage the eye lightly See a physician immediately 3. Chemical Burns to the Eye Have fresh water available for washing the eyes continuously flush with water for about 15 minutes do not use any solutions other than water See a physician take the container or label of the chemical involved

Respiratory Protection: 

Respiratory Protection “The respirator must be selected for the specific contaminant(s) and it must fit properly” Type of hazards 1. Particulates 2. Gases 3. Vapors “Respirators must be NIOSH (National Institute of Occupational Safety and Health) approved”

Particulates: 

Particulates Includes particles of solid material and droplets of liquids that can be easily filtered from the air 1. Dusts and mists Carried by wind for a considerable distance - may be small enough to be carried deep into the lungs - may be toxic and carry bacteria and fungi - common dusts and mists on the farm are * grain and feed dust * mold * silica dust * pesticides “Mechanical filter respirators approved for toxic dusts and mists provide adequate protection”

Particulates(continued): 

Particulates (continued) 2. Asbestos-containing dusts Harmful - sharp asbestos fibers can penetrate lung cells - lung cancer could result from asbestos exposure - in older buildings - doing renovations 3. Fumes Solid particles of burned or evaporated metal - clump together to form smaller particles than dusts and mists (welding fumes are the most common fumes on the farm) “Mechanical filter respirators with approval for asbestos-containing dusts are required” “Mechanical filter respirators with approval for fumes must be used”

Gases: 

Gases 1. Toxic gases (one breath can cause instant respiratory arrest and death) Hydrogen sulfide (manure gas) Nitrogen dioxide (silo gas) 2. Irritant gases (exposure cause burns and irritation to body tissues) Ammonia (anhydrous ammonia) 3. Poisonous gases (causes death by asphyxiation, absorbed by blood 200x more readily than oxygen) Carbon monoxide “Use only respirators approved for the toxic gases and concentrations that will be encountered”

Common Vapors on the Farm: 

Common Vapors on the Farm Organic vapors Solvents Pesticides Lacquer thinner Spray painting Adhesives Gasoline “Mechanical filter respirators will trap the particles, but the vapors will still enter the body” “Chemical cartridge respirators must be used to remove vapors from the air” “Cartridges approved for organic vapors are color coded with a black band or label”

Hearing Protection: 

Hearing Protection Over exposure to high levels of noise damage your hearing aggravates fatigue and stress major cause of accidents on the farm Noise production on the farm are caused by farm machinery chain saws power mowers blowers conveyors hogs screaming at feeding time

Types of hearing protection: 

Types of hearing protection 1. Formable plug (a) - compressed prior to insertion, expandable to provide snug fit 2. Premolded plug (b) - flexible material preformed to fit the ear, have a joining cored to prevent loss 3. Earmuffs (c) - adjustable head band with rigid cups and cushions that seal around the ear “Do not use cotton balls, they don’t reduce the damaging sound levels” “If noise can drown out a person speaking to you from arm’s length, you need hearing protection”

Slide22: 

Sound intensity is measured in decibels 85 - 90 decibels (dB) is the loudest sound that workers should be exposed to for 8 hours or more Farmers work longer than 8 hr/day during the crop production season - should be exposed to less than 90 dB at any given time - need ear protection

Decibel readings for various types of equipment: 

Decibel readings for various types of equipment Examples: Normal conversation 60 dB Small chicken coop 70 dB John Deer 8560 tractor 76 dB Chore Time 18 RLX vent. fan 77 dB Massey Ferguson 750 combine 90 dB International 230 swather 95 dB Farm King 8*41 (12 Hp) auger 102 dB Adams grain dryer 107 dB Chainsaw 115 dB Swine confinement at feeding 133 dB

Hand Protection: 

Hand Protection Gloves protects the hands from: rough or sharp-edged objects chemicals dirt greases solvents fuels paint The best method to protect the hands and prevent dermatitis; thoroughly wash your hands with soap and water and dry them with a single-use towel (if possible)

Type of Gloves: 

Type of Gloves 1. Fabric - Inexpensive and suitable for many tasks, breath well, minimizes perspiration buildup - Could be laundered to extend its life - Protects from minor cuts and scrapes 2. Leather - Best choice for protection - Protects from cuts, scrapes, friction and other hazards - Inexpensive, breathable, tough and flexible - Treat with leather care product (mink oil) to extend its life

Type of Gloves(continued): 

Type of Gloves (continued) 3. Rubber - Protects from the use of chemicals on the farm, shop, and at home - Choose the appropriate rubber glove material for the task * butyl ………. used to work with gases and vapors * neoprene ….. used to work with chemicals * nitrile ……... used to work with solvents, harsh fats, and petroleum - While still on, wash with warm water and soap, hang to dry 4. Cut-resistant - Protects from handling glass and sharp objects

Body Covering: 

Body Covering 1. Leather aprons - Used when welding to prevent burns from splattering molten metal and slag 2. Rubber aprons - Needed when handling liquids or concentrated chemicals - Wear them even if other protective clothing is worn * protects the groin area from chemical splashes this area absorbs chemical 10x faster than through the forearm 3. Chain saw safety chaps - Minimize the risk of cutting the legs - When handling square bales * reduce the number of scratches and scrapes on the legs

Body Covering(Continued): 

Body Covering (Continued) 4. Chemical resistant coveralls - Standard tyvek * non porous, provides excellent protection from pesticide dusts and mists * splashes of liquid may penetrate the fabrics, still wear a rubber apron - Polylaminated Tyvek * features a plastic film bonded fabric, provides a tougher, more liquid resistant * resist tearing better than standard tyvek, are good emergency rain suit - Perforated Tyvek * not recommended for pesticide application * excellent for dirty tasks; equipment maintenance, painting, insulating

Foot Protection: 

Foot Protection 1. Steel toed safety shoes protects you from: - Sharp objects - Dropped heavy objects - Heavy livestock stepping on your feet 2. Steel toed rubber boots protects you from: - Exposure to hazardous chemicals - Getting your feet wet involving prolonged contact with water

First Aid : 

First Aid First response to an accident Know what to do, stay calm Keep a shock victim covered to reduce heat loss Try to stop bleeding by applying pressure to a wound Do not move a victim with a spinal injury do it only if further danger is imminent All vehicles and buildings should have a first aid kit

Farm Emergency/First Aid Kit: 

Farm Emergency/First Aid Kit 1. Get appropriate first aid training - renew it periodically 2. Don’t relied upon day-to-day minor injuries - select items to help you handle major traumas 3. Pack items for individual needs - personal medical information and supplies - name and telephone numbers of the family doctors

Farm Emergency/First Aid Kit(continued): 

Farm Emergency/First Aid Kit (continued) 4. Always include emergency telephone numbers 5. Pack Red Cross manual of first aid chart 6. Check first aid kit every three months - re-stock if necessary 7. Label all first aid kits

Farm Emergency/First Aid Kit(continued): 

Farm Emergency/First Aid Kit (continued) 8. Remember a flashlight, matches and flares - If caught in the dark * flashlight - helps to signal for help * waterproof matches - generates heat * flares - generates heat and signal for help

What to pack in your first aid kit?: 

What to pack in your first aid kit? For more information on what to pack in your first aid kit, visit the NASD (National Ag Safety Database) (National Ag Safety Database) http://www.cdc.gov/nasd/menu/topic/firstaid.html For emergencies call: 911 Poison Control Center: Winnipeg (204) 787-2591 Regina (306) 766-4545 Toll free 1-800-667-4545 Manitoba Environment: Spills 944-4888

CSA approved safety equipment can be purchase at:: 

CSA approved safety equipment can be purchase at: 1. Implement dealerships 2. Farm supply stores 3. Safety supply companies 4. Pharmacies 5. Agriculture chemical dealers 6. Hardware stores Check the yellow pages under SAFETY EQUIP & CLOTHING