Unit4 readingèä

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What’s your dream?

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Have you ever thought about doing something for these children to help them realize their dreams?

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Could you say something about Kofi Annan Ghana , the seventh Secretary-General of the United Nations?

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How much do you know UN EMBLEM AND FLAG

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The current United Nations emblem was approved on 7 December 1946. The design is "a map of the world representing an azimuthal equidistant projection centred on the North Pole, inscribed in a wreath consisting of crossed conventionalized branches of the olive tree, in gold on a field of smoke-blue with all water areas in white. The projection of the map extends to 60 degrees south latitude, and includes five concentric circles". Symbolism: Olive branches symbolize peace. The world map depicts the area of concern to the United Nations in achieving its main purpose, peace and security.

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The official emblem of the United Nations in white, centered on a light blue ground. Proportions: Hoist (width) : Fly (length) 2:3 or 3:5 or the same proportions as the national flag of any country in which the UN flag is flown; the emblem is one half of the hoist and is entirely centered.

Go through the passage as quickly as possible and try to find answers to the three questions in part A : 

Go through the passage as quickly as possible and try to find answers to the three questions in part A 1 A businesswoman and a Goodwill Ambassador. 2 191 countries. 3 Countries in Africa.

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Read the speech a second time and complete Parts C1 and C2

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1 1 An international group made up of countries that want to increase peace. 2 Honoured and happy. 3 They come from different countries that belong to the UN. 4 She mainly visits countries where the UN has programmes to help people. 5 Baskets. They sell them at the market. 6 Lack of education, lack of money, lack of food, poverty, disasters and disease. 7 Access to fresh drinking water for everyone and primary education for all children. 1 F 2 F 3 T 4 F 5 T 6 T

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Listen to the tape and choose the best answers to the following questions:

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What occupation does Tang Ning take up in the UN? A. The Secretary-General. B. A Goodwill Ambassador. C. The spoken man. D. A clerk.

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How much money does she earn by doing the job? A. She earns a lot. B. She volunteers. She gets no salary for the job. C. She earns some, though not much. D. It isn’t mentioned in the article.

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What project or projects has she been involved in? A. She helps develop the world’s education. B. She helps deal with such problems as poverty and disasters. C. She visits countries where the UN has programmes to help people. D. She visits the poorest areas in the world.

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After the Second World War in October 1945 (originally) 51 countries (recently) 191 countries Helps end some of the world’s most horrible conflicts; assists the victims of wars and disasters; protects human rights; improves international laws; helps with other problems such as lack of education, lack of food, poverty, disasters and disease to keep international peace to develop friendly relationships among nations to cooperate in solving international problems and in promoting respect for human rights to be a center for organizing the actions or work of different nations Eight goals, one of which is to ensure that fresh drinking water is available to everyone and another is that all children complete primary education

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What qualities should a Goodwill Ambassador have?

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a Goodwill Ambassador

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If Tang Ning was not a successful businesswoman, do you think she would still be chosen to be a Goodwill Ambassador?

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Fill in the blanks with proper words according to the reading material

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A: I hear that you have been chosen to be a Goodwill(1)A______________ for the United Nations. But can you say something about the UN? B: The UN ,having 191 members now, was actually(2)s____________up just after the World War II and it has four main purposes: to keep international peace; to develop friendly relationship among nations; to co-operate in solving international problems and in promoting respect for human rights; and to be a centre for organizing the actions or work of different (3)n___________. A: How do you feel about being a Goodwill Ambassador for the UN? B: I’m pleased to have been so. I will visit countries where the UN operates programmes to help people. I feel very(4)h___________ to have been able to take on this role. Ambassador set nations honoured

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A: On TV, we often see soldiers with blue(5)b_________. Where do the UN soldiers come from? B: All the soldiers come from different countries(6)b_________ to the UN. Besides wars and(7)c________ the UN helps with some other problems. A: What are they? B: (8)l_______of education, lack of food, poverty, disasters and disease. And the UN is trying to meet 8 development goals by 2015, for example: available (9)f_________ drinking water and complete primary education for all children. A: How can I know more about the UN? B: By (10)l_________ it up on the website will you know more about it. berets belonging conflicts lack fresh looking

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I am pleased to have this chance today to talk to you about the United Nations or the UN, as it is more often referred to.(P50) As I said in my last letter, I’m taking the exam in July. David, as you know, is a photographer.

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(06天津) The Beatles, ________many of you are old enough to remember, came from Liverpool. A. what B. that C. how D. as

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refer to sb/sth A）to talk or write about someone or something, especially briefly: 涉及，提到 In her autobiography she occasionally refers to her unhappy schooldays. He always refers to the house as his "refuge". The new salary scale only refers to company managers and directors. B）refer sb to sth phrasal verb to direct someone or something to a different place or person for information, help or action, often to a person or group with more knowledge or power:托付，交付 My doctor referred me to a hospital specialist. The High Court has referred the case to the Court of Appeal.

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C）refer (sb) to sth phrasal verb to look at, or tell someone else to look at, a book or similar record in order to find information and help:参考 She spoke for an hour without once referring to her notes. He referred to a history book to find out the dates of the French Revolution. The reader is constantly referred back to the introduction.

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1.(06 天津) Most of us know we should cut down on fat, but knowing such things isn’t much help when it______ shopping and eating. A. refers to B. speaks of C. focuses on D. comes to 2. (05浙江) The president spoke at the business meeting for nearly an hour without ________his notes. A. bringing up B. referring to C. looking for D. trying on

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honor   A). n. [U] a quality that combines respect, pride and honesty:荣誉,荣耀 a man of honour We fought for the honour of our country. in honour of sb/sth in order to celebrate or show great respect for someone or something:为了纪念……;为了表示对……的敬意 a banquet in honour of the president [C] a reward, prize or title that publicly expresses admiration or respect:荣耀的人或事; 荣幸 She received an honour for her services to the community. He was buried with full military honours (= with a special celebration to show respect). It’s a great honour to be invited. [sing] a person or thing that brings credit to sth/sb 给某物(人)添光的人或事物 an honour to sth/sb

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v. 1)to show great respect for someone or something, especially in public:尊敬,给予荣幸 He was honoured for his bravery. We are honoured (= proud and happy) to have you here tonight. 2)to give someone public praise or a reward: 给某人以荣誉 He was honoured with a knighthood. honourable adj. honest and fair, or deserving praise and respect: 光荣的,荣耀的,应享受荣誉的 an honourable person honourably adv. They acted honourably and returned the wallet.

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take on take sth on to begin to have a particular quality: 开始 Her voice took on a troubled tone. take sth on to accept a particular job or responsibility: 承担工作或责任 She took too much on and made herself ill.

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take sb on phrasal verb to employ someone: 雇佣某人 She was taken on as a laboratory assistant.． take sb on phrasal verb to compete against or fight someone: 与某人竞争,斗争 The Government took on the unions and won.

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相貌或性格像… 送走,拿走 取回;归还,退货;使…回忆起 拿下;拆毁,拆散;写下,记下 拿进;吸入;了解;欺骗,蒙骗;把衣服改小 移开,除；成功；脱掉:起飞:休息;减去,减价 携出,拿出; 除去,拔去 继承,接管 拿起,举起: 占(时间,地点);开始(工作,兴趣);继续(中断的话)

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He takes after his mother/his mother's side of the family. Take these chairs away - we don't need them. Supermarkets are taking business away from small local shops. Is it too small? Take it back and get a refund. That piece of music really took me back (to my schooldays). He took down my address and phone number and said he'd phone back. I had to read the letter twice before I could take it all in. It was an interesting exhibition, but there was too much to take in at once. I can't believe she was taken in by him. I'll have to take this dress in at the waist - it's too big.

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He took off his clothes and got into the bath. Her singing career had just begun to take off. I've had a tooth taken out. The company he works for has recently been taken over. This desk takes up too much room. Too much of this report is taken up with out-of-date figures. Ian took up (= continued) the story where Sue had left off.

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(03北京) Helen always helps her mother even though going to school ________ most of her day. A. takes up B. makes up C. saves up D. puts up

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set sth up 1）to formally establish a new company, organization, system, way of working, etc:建立 A committee has been set up to organize social events in the college. She plans to set up her own business. They've set up a fund for victims of the earthquake. 2) to arrange for an event or activity to happen: 安排，布置 We need to set up a meeting to discuss the proposals. The government has agreed to set up a public enquiry.

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set常用短语 set about set aside set down set off set out set sb. a good example set sth. on fire/set fire to sth. set foot in/on 散布谣言等；着手工作 保留，储存；忽视，不顾 放下，卸下；写下，记下 出发，启程；引爆，使爆炸 出发，动身；着手做 给某人树立一个榜样 纵火烧 踏上

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I tried to apologize, but I think I set about it the wrong way. What time will we have to set off for the station tomorrow? Jenny set off down the road on her new bike. You should be setting a good example to your younger brother. A peace campaigner had set herself on fire in protest at the government's involvement in the war. He refuses to set foot in an art gallery.

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(06 江西) For all these years I have been working for others. I’m hoping I’ll ________ my own business someday. A. turn up B. fix up C. set up D. make up

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base n. [C] 1) the bottom part of an object, on which it rests, or the lowest part of something:根基,底座 a crystal glass with a heavy base At the base of the cliff was a rocky beach. This cream provides an excellent base for your make-up (= a good bottom layer on which other layers can be put). 2) the activity or people from which someone or something gets most of their support, money, etc: 基础 A strong economy depends on a healthy manufacturing base. We're aiming to expand our customer base.

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v. Where is your firm based? He was based in (= He lived in or was at a military establishment in) Birmingham during the war. base sth on sth phrasal verb If you base something on facts or ideas, you use those facts or ideas to develop it: The film is based on a short story by Thomas Mann.

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touch: verb. 1) [I or T] to move especially the hand or another part of the body lightly onto and off something or someone: 碰触，接触 That paint is wet - don't touch (it). He touched the girl on the arm to get her attention. The child touched the worm with a twig. FIGURATIVE The setting sun touched the trees with red (= made them appear red for a short time).

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2) [T] INFORMAL If you say you do not touch a food or drink, you mean that you never eat or drink it: 不吃（食物，饮料等） No thanks, I never touch chocolate/alcohol. Honestly, I haven't touched a drop (= drunk any alcohol) all night.

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n . 1 )[U] the ability to know what something is like by feeling it with the fingers: the sense of touch 触觉 I found the right coin in the dark by touch. 2）[C usually singular] a quick light movement of one thing, especially a hand, onto and off another thing: 接触，碰触 I felt a cold touch on my arm. At a/the touch of a button, the door opened.

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(05浙江) ---Ow! I’ve burnt myself! ---How did you do that? --- I ______ a hot pot. A. touched B. kept C. felt D. held

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involve v. to cause to become connected 牵连，牵涉 The serious incident involved a group of youths. 2) to make sb. take part in sth. 参加，加入 Parents should involve themselves in their children’s education. involve sb. in 把某人牵涉到某事里 be involved in 涉及

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awareness n. [U] 意识，认识 Public awareness of the problem will make politicians take it seriously. Environmental awareness has increased dramatically over the past decade. aware adj. [after verb] 意识到 knowing that something exists, or having knowledge or experience of a particular thing: [+ that] I wasn't even aware that he was ill. Were you aware of the risks at the time? She was well (= very) aware that he was married. "Has Claude paid the phone bill?" "Not as far as I'm aware." (= I don't think so) I suddenly became aware of (= started to notice) him looking at me.

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in addition (to) = besides I met my past teacher and some classmates in addition in the supermarket. In addition to cakes and candies, guests were also provided with fruits.

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attention n. [U] notice, thought or consideration: 注意 Ladies and gentlemen, could I have your attention, please? They're organizing a campaign to draw people's attention to the environmentally harmful effects of using their cars. He likes being the centre of attention (= having a lot of people notice him) I knocked on the window to get/attract/catch her attention (= make her notice me). After an hour, my attention started to wander (= I stopped taking notice).

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(2) specially in the armed forces) a way of standing, with the feet together, arms by your sides, head up and shoulders back and not moving: 立正 soldiers standing at/to attention If you don't pay attention (= listen carefully) now, you'll get it all wrong later. Wait a moment and I'll give you my full/undivided attention (= I'll listen to and think about only you). Many countries are starting to turn their attention to (= to consider) new forms of energy. Don't pay any attention to (= take any notice of) Nina - she doesn't know what she's talking about.

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attend    v. to give attention to what someone is saying: 仔细倾听 I'm afraid I wasn't attending to what was being said. attentive    adj. listening carefully: 仔细倾听地 an attentive audience

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add    v. [I or T] to put something with something else to increase the number or amount or to improve the whole: 加入，相加 If you add (= calculate the total of) three and four you get seven. Beat the butter and sugar together and slowly add the eggs. She's added a Picasso to her collection. Her colleagues' laughter only added to (= increased) her embarrassment. [+ that] She was sad, she said, but added (= said also) that she felt she had made the right decision.

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add (sth) up phrasal verb to calculate the total of two or more numbers: 相加，加起来 If you add those four figures up, it comes to over £500. She added the bill up. I'm not very good at adding up! [+ speech] "Oh, and thank you for all your help!" he added as he was leaving. It's $45 - $50 if you add in (= include) the cost of postage. Don't forget to add on your travelling expenses/add your expenses on.

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add up to sth phrasal verb 总计， 合计 to become a particular amount: The various building programmes add up to several thousand new homes. We thought we'd bought lots of food, but it didn't add up to much when we'd spread it out on the table. add up to sth phrasal verb to have a particular result or effect: It all added up to a lot of hard work for all of us. Their proposals do not add up to any real help for the poor.

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added    adj. extra: 额外的 He had the added disadvantage of being the only man present. She lost her job last week, and now added to that she's pregnant again. addition    noun. [C or U] Twice a week the children are tested in basic mathematical skills such as addition (= calculating the total of different numbers put together) and subtraction.

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Most working environments are improved by the addition of (= adding) a few plants and pictures. A secretary would be a welcome/useful addition to our staff. In addition to his flat in London, he has a villa in Italy and a castle in Scotland. HUMOROUS I hear you're expecting a small addition to the family (= you are going to have a baby)!

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（06 北京） There have been several new events ________ to the program for the 2008 Beijing Olympic Games. A. add B. to add C. adding D. added

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apart from :except for or not considering: 除了。。。，除了。。。还有 He works until nine o'clock every evening, and that's quite apart from the work he does over the weekend. Apart from the salary/Salary apart, it's not a bad job. Apart from you and me/You and me apart, I don't think there was anyone there under thirty. tell sth/sb apart phrasal verb to be able to see the difference between two very similar things or people: 分辨，区分 As babies, the twins were so alike that I just couldn't tell them apart.

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on behalf of (P53) representing; instead of: 代表，代替 On behalf of the entire company, I would like to thank you for all your work. Unfortunately, George cannot be with us today so I am pleased to accept this award on his behalf. Please don't leave on my behalf (= because of me).

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Parts A1 and A2 on page124 in Workbook.