Annual report 2001

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ANTARES FINNISH SPACE RESEARCH PROGRAMME Väinö Kelhä

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Agreement of co-ordination - ordered by Tekes 8.3.2001 - shared funding 8.3 Meuros by Academy and Tekes - indirect personnel costs is a problem - confirmation of order by VTT 11.10.2001 - started 1.3.2001 - planned end 31.3.2004 - 11 projects - utilisation of 38 satellites - subjects: astrophysics, sun and solid bodies, remote sensing (water, forests), space instruments - the first annual seminar held 1.11.2001 - Antares web sites opened at www.tekes.fi/ohjelmat/antares

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Utilisation of 38 Satellites Planck Surveyor (ESA) 2007 - black holes, dark matter, microwave spectroscopy INTEGRAL (ESA) 2002 - x-ray spectroscopy, JEM-X monitor SRG (RKA) 2005? - SIXA x-ray detector SMART-1 (ESA) 2002 - Lunar mission, solar x-rays XSM, SPEDE AGILE (Italy) 2002 - radio and optical instruments AXM (NASA) 2005? - advanced x-ray monitor, GEM technology XEUS (ESA) 2015 - x-ray spectroscopy, micro calorimeter and filters ROEMER (Denmark) 2004 - mini satellite, Gamma-ray bursts XMM (ESA) 1999 - X-ray multi mirror mission Rosat (HASA, D, UK) 1990 - x-ray emission HST (ESA, NASA) 1990 - Hubble space telescope GAIA (ESA) 2012 - galaxy Milky Way, mass measurement ISO (ESA) 1995 - IR observatory, far IR mapping FIRST (ESA) 2010? - Cornerstone 4 mission ODIN (Sweden) 2001 - ozone monitor SOHO (ESA) 1995 - Solar heliospheric observatory Cassini-Huygens (ESA, NASA) 1997 - Saturn and the moon Titan mission Cluster II (ESA) 2000 - Electric fields and waves Mars Express (ESA) 2003 - Aspera-3, atmospheric effect caused by solar wind Rosetta (ESA) 2003 - mission to comet Wirtanen, Cosina instruments Stardust (NASA) 1999 - comet Wild 2, CIDA instrument Contour (NASA) 2002 - comet Encke mission, CIDA-2 instrument

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NOZOMI (Japan) 1998 - Mars mission, arriving Mars in 2004 Mars Global Surveyor (NASA) 1996 - modelling of the Martian atmosphere Mars Pathfinder (NASA) 1996 - Mars lander Netlander (CNES) 2007 - Mars landers, ATMIS instrument Viking-1 (NASA) 1975 - Mars lander Envisat-1 (ESA) 2002 - environmental satellite, ozone chemistry, Gomos Oerstedt (Denmark) 1999 - national scientific satellite Envisat-1 (ESA) 2002 - environmental monitoring of water and flood Radarsat-2 (Canada) 2003 - SAR radar satellite, forest applications ERS-2 (ESA) 1995 - SAR radar satellite, forest applications TERRA (NASA) 1999 - earth observation, Modis spectrometer, floods NOAA-16 (NASA) 2000 - AVHRR IR-radiometer, floods Landsat 7 (NASA) 1999 - earth observation, floods SSM/I F-13 (NASA) 1995 - microwave imager, floods ACE (NASA) 1998 - solar wind mission WIND (NASA) 1994 - solar wind experiment Utilisation of 38 Satellites, continued...

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1. PLANCK SURVEYOR PHYSICS (K. Enqvist/HU, J. Tuovinen/HUT) - age and mass of the universe Planck Surveyor Mission 2007 - black holes, dark matter, microwave spectroscopy 2. HIGH ENERGY ASTROPHYSICS (O. Vilhu/HU) - black holes and neutron stars Integral (ESA) 2002 SRG (RKA) 2005? - SIXA x-ray detector SMART-1 (ESA) 2002 - Lunar mission, solar x-rays XEUS (ESA) 2007 - x-ray spectroscopy, microcalorimeter and filters Roemer (Denmark) 2003 - mini satellite 3. SPACE BASED STUDIES OF DARK MATTER (C. Flynn/TU) GAIA (ESA) 2012 - galaxy Milky Way, mass measurement 4. ISO-ODIN (K. Mattila/HU) - new star formation ISO (ESA) 1995 - IR observatory ODIN (Sweden) 2001 - ozone monitor 5. SPACE WEATHER (H. Koskinen/HU) - space weather forecast SOHO (ESA) 1995

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6. CLUSTER II AND MIRACLE (K. Mursula/OU) - solar wind Cassini (ESA, NASA), Cluster II (ESA) 1997, 2000 7. DUST, ATMOSPHERES AND PLASMAS IN SOLAR SYSTEM(E. Kallio/FMI) - water and life in Mars and solar system Mars Express (ESA) 2003 - Aspera-3 Cassini-Huygens (NASA) 1997 - Saturn and the moon Titan (2004) 8. MICROSCALE ATMOSPHERIC PHENOMENA IN MARS (H. Savijärvi/HU) Mars G. Surveyor (NASA) 1996 - modelling of the Martian atmosphere Netlander (CNES) 2007 - Mars landers, ATMIS instrument 9. CHEMICAL AERONMY OF THE MESOSPHERE AND OZONE (E. Turunen/OU) Envisat-1 (ESA) 2002 - ozone chemistry, environmental satellite, Gomos Oerstedt (Denmark) 1999 10. MODELLING AND DATA ANALYSIS FOR FOREST INVENTORY (L. Holmström/HU) Radarsat (Canada) 2003 - forest applications 11. ASSIMILATION OF DATA FOR ENVIRONMENTAL MONITOR (J. Pulliainen/HUT) Envisat-1 (ESA) 2002 - environmental monitoring of water and flood Radarsat-2 (Canada) 2003

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30 research groups, 17 national research institutes: Physics Department, University of Helsinki Rolf Nevanlinna Institute, University of Helsinki Helsinki Institute of Physics, University of Helsinki Observatory, University of Helsinki Chemistry department, University of Helsinki Millilab, VTT Information Technology Helsinki University of Technology, Laboratory of Space Technology Metsähovi Radio Observatory, Helsinki University of Technology Finnish Environment Institute (FEI) Department of Physical Sciences, University of Oulu Sodankylä geophysical observatory, University of Oulu Eiscat group, University of Oulu Finnish Meteorological Institute, Geophysical Research Tuorla Observatory, University of Turku Physics Department, University of Joensuu Physics Department, University of Jyväskylä National Forest Inventory of Finland, Finnish Forest Research Institute

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21 foreign external co-operative partners or research institutes DLR German Aerospace Center (Germany) JPL Jet Propulsion Laboratory (USA) Kanazawa University (Japan) University of Santa Barbara (USA) University of Uppsala (Sweden) Danish Space Research Institute DSRI, (Denmark, Copenhagen) Universities of Stockholm and Chalmers (Sweden) Universities of Amsterdam, Yale, Southampton and Cornell (Netherlands, UK, USA) University of Tartu (Estonia) Universities of Leicester and Southampton (UK) Rutherford Appleton Laboratories (UK) Integral Science Data Center ISDC and CERN (Switzerland) Space Research Organisation of Netherlands SRON (Netherlands, Utrecht) Massachusetts Institute of Technology MIT (USA) Space Research Institute IKI (Russia) Astro Space Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences (Russia)

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12 Finnish industrial co-operative partners or contractors Kemijoki Ltd (Rovaniemi) Lapland Regional Environment Centre (Rovaniemi) Metorex International (Espoo) Nanoway Ltd (Jyväskylä) Nanocomp Oy (Joensuu) Patria Finavitec Systems (Tampere) Pirkanmaa Regional Environment Centre (Tampere) Space Systems Finland (Espoo) University of Helsinki, Inorganic Chemistry Laboratory VTT Automation and Industrial Systems (Espoo) VTT Electronics and Information Technology (Espoo) Ylinen Electronics (Espoo)

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Ion Beam Spectrometer (SM) IBS/CAPS Cassini CASSINI - launch 15.10.1997 - Oulu University - FMI - VTT - plasma - solar wind - Jovian and Saturnian system

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ESA Planck Surveyor Mission * AR-5 launch 2007 * Cosmic Microwave Background = 3 K blackbody radiation * dark matter * evolution and age of universe * LFI 70 GHz receiver, 20 K * InP transistor technology * Helsinki University * Millilab, VTT * TKK Metsähovi * Tuorla Turku University * Ylinen Electronics

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Huygens Probe to Titan, 14.1.2005 - FMI - Oulu U. - in situ meas. - Titan model

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SOLAR FLARES 2001 Space weather - SOHO - mass ejections - Helsinki U. - Oulu U. - Turku U. - FMI

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MARS NETLANDER SURFACE STATION 2007 NETLANDER - Mars weather - Helsinki U. - FMI - SSF - Patria Finavitec

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ENVISAT-1 - launch 1.3.2002 Kourou - Ozone monitor - water quality monitor - hydrological forecast - TKK - Oulu University - VTT - SSF, Patria Finavitec - FMI Sodankylä

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Launch Nov. 2002 Ariane-5 18 months cruise + 6 months Moon operat. Solar flares XSM x-ray monitor SPEDE dust exp. S/C mass 350 kg Helsinki University FMI Metorex International SMART-1 Mission

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* AR-5 launch * launch 2015 * Fellow Travel Orbit * utilization of ISS * ISS used for refurbishment * aperture equivalent to largest ground-based telescopes. XEUS X-RAY EVOLVING UNIVERSE SPECTROSCOPY

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XEUS X-ray mission X-RAY UNIVERSE SPECTROSCOPY * astronomy * black holes * X-ray camera * bolometer * SQUID detectors * Observatory, U. Hki * VTT, Metorex * Patria Finavitec * Nanoway, Nanocomp * U. Jyväskylä * U. Joensuu * U. Turku

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Monitoring of water quality * HTKK * Environment Inst. * Turbidity map * Modis 27.8.2000 * 250 m resolution * Envisat-1 * Radarsat-2

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Results during 2001 - Planck 70 GHz receivers - MMIC development in mature state - Flight Model detectors for JEM-X of INTEGRAL delivered to ESA - preparing several topics of the core programme - characterisation of the solar X-ray monitor (XSM) for SMART-1 - Science Validation of the AMIE camera of SMART-1 - development of X-ray calorimeter for XEUS - TES detector and at readout (SQUID-) electronics - ISO projects produce scientific results, 20 papers on ISO/Odin/Planck data - Odin was successfully launched on February 20th

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Results continued… - database of solar, solar wind, energetic particle, and geomagnetic parameters - programs for Cluster EFW and Rapid installed - Cluster data continuously received and routine-checked for flaws - electric fields are being continuously calculated from the raw data - study of Cluster and NOAA satellite data of energetic particles. - analysis of the IBS sensor onboard CASSINI completed - Solar wind: a new periodicity in the heliospheric north-south asymmetry discovered (DAPSS) - summertime Pathfinder site simulations with the 1-D model version (MSW) - University of Helsinki model the best (MSW, Pathfinder) - selected a data of fourteen ERS-1/2 SAR (model validation and forest characteristics retrieval) - results indicate: model can be used for the retrieval of forest stem volume

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SELF EVALUATION OF THE ANTARES FALL SEMINAR 1. Contents of the seminar, the quality of the talks (8.4) 14 2. Splitting to sessions, logic (8.7) 17 3. Use of web for documentation (7.8) 8 4. Discussions in the seminar (6.9) -1 5. The language (8.1) 11 6. Suitability of the venue (Valssaamo) (7.4) 4 7. AV equipment (8.1) 11 8. Posters and banderole (8.2) 12 9. Coffee arrangements (8.3) 13 10. Lunch arrangement (7.3) 3 11. Transportation (8.6) 16 12. Schedule (8.5) 15 13. Amount of participants (8.8) 18 15. Chairpersons of the sessions (8.7) 17 16. Press conference (8.2) 12 17. Connection to space exhibition Space'2001 (9.0) 20 18. Lag of other programme (8.9) 19

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A clearer goal for the seminar is needed. The use of web is not active. Poor discussion activity during the seminar is rather normal in Finland. The presentations were interesting and of high quality. High expectations because of new launches , landings, scientific results, New applications and new technology are expected The Venue was ascetic Better lunch and cocktail services are wanted. The press conference was successful