Soil Test Summary

Wisconsin Soil Test Summary:2000-2004: 

Wisconsin Soil Test Summary: 2000-2004 John Peters Soil Science Department University of Wisconsin-Madison

Slide2: 

Over 685,000 in-state samples analyzed, 2000-2004 Data obtained from WDATCP approved Labs Soil pH Bray-1 P Bray-1 K Organic matter Secondary and micronutrients

Wisconsin DATCP Approved LabsProviding data for the summary: 

Wisconsin DATCP Approved Labs Providing data for the summary A&L Great Lakes Laboratory Agsource Laboratory Dairyland Laboratory Mowers Soil Testing Laboratory Rock River Laboratory Soil and Forage Analysis Lab – Marshfield Soil and Plant Analysis Lab - Madison

Slide4: 

Data Summarized by: County Soil series Texture code

Highlights: 

Highlights 685,916 total samples analyzed 338,226 total fields tested Average of 2.03 samples/field 48% of fields listed the acreage 2.12 samples/field when acreage indicated Average of 14.84 acres/field 6.99 acres/sample

Slide6: 

Average soil test pH, OM, P, and K results by soil texture/type. Wisconsin, 2000-04. Texture/Type Number pH OM P K % ----ppm----     all soils 685916 6.6 3.2 53 134 coarse 53204 6.3 1.4 80 110 med/fine 624761 6.7 3.0 50 136 > 10% OM 7289 6.3 34.9 84 165 red calcareous 405 7.3 3.1 45 139

Slide7: 

Distribution of soil test pH, OM, P, and K. Wisconsin, 2000-04.   Quartile Estimate* Soil Test 90 75 50** 25  --------------%-------------- pH 7.4 7.1 6.7 6.2 OM, % 4.1 3.4 2.8 2.2 P, ppm 110 65 38 23  K, ppm 219 162 119 88 *Percentage of all soil samples less than estimated value. **Median value, one-half test higher and one-half lower than this value.

Slide8: 

Average soil test Ca, Mg, and Mn results by soil texture/type. Wisconsin, 2000-04. Texture/Type Ca Mg Mn -------------------ppm----------------    all soils 1481 383 21 coarse 598 127 17 med/fine 1548 406 22 > 10% OM 3713 685 8 red calcareous* 2009 503 22 * 13 Ca/Mg and 12 Mn samples reported

Slide9: 

Distribution of soil test Ca, Mg, and Mn. Wisconsin, 2000-04.   Quartile Estimate* Soil Test 90 75 50** 25  ---------------%-------------- Ca, ppm 2270 1800 1400 1001 Mg, ppm 650 510 370 220 Mn, ppm 34 25 18 13  *Percentage of all soil samples less than estimated value. **Median value, one-half test higher and one-half lower than this value.

Slide10: 

Average soil test B, S, and Zn results by soil texture/type. Wisconsin, 2000-04. Texture/Type B S Zn -------------------ppm----------------     all soils 0.77 7.4 4.8 coarse 0.48 5.7 8.8 med/fine 0.80 7.0 4.2 > 10% OM 1.29 57.8 9.0 red calcareous* * no samples reported

Slide11: 

Distribution of soil test B, S, and Zn. Wisconsin, 2000-04.   Quartile Estimate* Soil Test 90 75 50** 25  --------------%-------------- B, ppm 1.3 0.9 0.6 0.4 S, ppm 13.0 7.0 5.0 2.5 Zn, ppm 7.2 4.9 3.2 2.1  *Percentage of all soil samples less than estimated value. **Median value, one-half test higher and one-half lower than this value.

Soil Series Distribution774 Soils in RFS Program: 

Soil Series Distribution 774 Soils in RFS Program 5 soils – listed more than 10,000 times 8 – 5000-10,000 65 – 1000-5000 57 – 501-1000 85 – 201-500 179 – 26-200 185 – 1-25 190 Soils never used at all in five years

Slide13: 

Average soil test P, K, pH, and OM for the top ten named soils. Wisconsin, 2000-04. Soil Name Subsoil Number % of soils* pH OM P K % ---ppm--- Kewaunee C 25345 7.2 7.1 3.0 34 123   Plano B 14195 4.0 6.5 3.4 65 174 Hortonville C 13860 4.0 7.2 2.9 40 126 Withee D 12563 3.6 6.6 3.5 42 139 Fayette A 10229 2.9 6.7 2.8 47 123 St. Charles A 7361 2.1 6.6 2.6 58 137 Onaway C 7157 2.0 7.1 2.6 45 126 Seaton A 6229 1.8 6.6 2.5 49 128 Plainfield E 6223 1.8 6.3 1.4 92 110 Loyal D 6056 1.7 6.5 3.3 38 129 * Percentage of named soils.

Slide14: 

Distribution of soil test P and K for the top ten named soils. Wisconsin, 2000-04.   Quartile Estimate P K 90 50 90 50  Soil Name --------------%-------------- Kewaunee 70 25 191 110 Plano 129  52 284 153 Hortonville 82 29 205 110 Withee 70 36 232 125 Fayette 97 35 197 107 St. Charles 112 45 217 124 Onaway 95 34 211 111 Seaton 95 39 204 115 Plainfield 172 82 172 101 Loyal 67 32 225 111

Counties With Most Soil Samples>20,000: 

Counties With Most Soil Samples >20,000 Dane – 51,391 Grant – 29,211 Marathon – 26,007 Columbia – 23,756 Brown – 21,819 Clark – 20,676

Counties With Fewest Soil Samples<200: 

Counties With Fewest Soil Samples <200 Milwaukee – 183 Vilas – 161 Florence – 138 Iron – 78 Menominee - 41

Slide20: 

Wisconsin Soil Test P Trends: 1964-2004 37 40 44 48 50 52 p p m 29 34 53

Slide23: 

Wisconsin Soil Test K Trends: 1964-2004 98 106 124 133 134 141 p p m 83 88 134

Most Common Crop Codes: 

Most Common Crop Codes 300,417 – corn, grain 221,455 – alfalfa 146,711 - soybeans 61,343 – oats 44,873 – corn, silage 38,402 – alfalfa seeding 23,757 – wheat 8,901 – legume-grass pasture

Most Common Crop Codes: 

Most Common Crop Codes 8,664 – red clover 8,353 – managed pasture 4,287 – oat-pea forage 3,928 – sweet corn 3,454 – potatoes 3,338 – barley 2,715 – snapbean 2,683 – CRP, grass

Least Common Crop Codes: 

Least Common Crop Codes 12 – celery 24 – lupin 26 – brussel sprouts 28 – flax 47 – crown vetch 52 – cauliflower 56 – popcorn 60 - broccoli

Legume Credits: 

Legume Credits 159,645 fields list a previous legume crop Only 47% of crops listed were legumes 58,780 listed field corn (erroneously) 41,412 listed alfalfa 27,375 listed soybeans 9,711 listed corn silage (erroneously) 3,380 listed wheat (erroneously) 2,445 listed alfalfa seeding

Manure Credits: 

Manure Credits 6,900 fields list a manure application 3,159 solid dairy manure, 15 tons/acre 2,714 liquid dairy manure, 6000 gal/acre 438 solid beef manure, 15 tons/acre 212 solid chicken manure, 7 tons/acre 116 liquid swine, indoor, 5000 gal/acre 64 solid swine, 10 tons/acre All others below 50 fields each

Irrigated Fields: 

Irrigated Fields 4,754 fields with 14,470 samples were irrigated – 1.4% of total fields and 2.1% of total samples 74% of the irrigated fields listed acreage, which averaged 37.3 acres/field and 11.6 acres/sample

Reduced Tillage: 

Reduced Tillage Less than 1% of fields indicate conservation tillage is used Most frequently listed crops include Corn, grain Soybeans Alfalfa Corn, silage

Slope: 

Slope 8.6% of total fields indicated a slope 29,279 fields average slope was 4.69% Median slope = 4.00%

Spring vs. Fall: 

Spring vs. Fall Spring 184,410 samples March - June Ave. P – 53 Ave. K – 129 Ave. pH – 6.58 Ave. OM – 3.01 Fall 498,975 samples July - February Ave. P – 52 Ave. K – 136 Ave. pH – 6.67 Ave. OM – 3.30

Summary: 

Summary Soil test P and K trends indicate improved nutrient management practices are being implemented on more acres. Soil test P and K levels are decreasing in many counties, although in many cases these remain above the optimum level.

Slide37: 

Regional Phosphorus Averages

Slide38: 

Regional Potassium Averages

Slide39: 

Regional pH Averages

Slide40: 

Regional Organic Matter % Averages

Slide41: 

Regional Phosphorus Averages

Slide42: 

Regional Potassium Averages

Slide43: 

Regional pH Averages

Slide44: 

Regional Organic Matter % Averages

Slide45: 

Regional Phosphorus Averages

Slide46: 

Regional Potassium Averages

Slide47: 

Regional pH Averages

Slide48: 

Regional Organic Matter % Averages

Slide49: 

Regional Phosphorus Averages

Slide50: 

Regional Potassium Averages

Slide51: 

Regional pH Averages

Slide52: 

Regional Organic Matter % Averages

Slide53: 

Regional Phosphorus Averages

Slide54: 

Regional Potassium Averages

Slide55: 

Regional pH Averages

Slide56: 

Regional Organic Matter % Averages

Slide57: 

Regional Phosphorus Averages

Slide58: 

Regional Potassium Averages

Slide59: 

Regional pH Averages

Slide60: 

Regional Organic Matter % Averages

Slide61: 

Regional Phosphorus Averages

Slide62: 

Regional Potassium Averages

Slide63: 

Regional pH Averages

Slide64: 

Regional Organic Matter % Averages

Slide65: 

Regional Phosphorus Averages

Slide66: 

Regional Potassium Averages

Slide67: 

Regional pH Averages