echinococcus

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Presentation Transcript

Echinococcus granulosus, E. multilocularis: 

Echinococcus granulosus, E. multilocularis Minute tapeworms of dogs Scolex with armed rostellum and 4 suckers Strobila made of 3 to 4 proglottids with unilateral genital pores. Larval tapeworms of a variety of animals & man

Life Cycle: 

Life Cycle Definitive Hosts Dogs Wild Canids Cats (E. multilocularis) Gravid proglottids passed in feces Ova disseminated in the environment Intermediate Host E. granulosus = Unilocular hydatid cyst Sheep, other ruminants, swine and man Various organs E. multilocularis = Multilocular (alveolar) hydatid cyst Rodents, cattle, horses, and man Various organs Ingested by the Definitive Host Young Tapes Young Tapes attach to the intestinal lining and develop into mature tapeworms. Prepatent period: 1 to 1.5 months

Unilocular Hydatid Cyst: 

Unilocular Hydatid Cyst

Multilocular (Alveolar) Cyst: 

Multilocular (Alveolar) Cyst

Geographic Distribution: 

Geographic Distribution E. granulosus = worldwide except Asia E. multilocularis = Mainly Arctic regions

Pathology: 

Pathology Definitive Host (Dog) No Pathology Intermediate Host (variety of animals) E. granulosus = Unilocular cyst: Pressure atrophy of adjacent organs, risk of anaphylactic reaction. E. multilocularis = Multilocular cyst: Pressure atrophy of adjacent organs, risk of anaphylactic reaction, infiltrates through surrounding tissue like a tumor.

Multilocular Cyst in Cow Liver: 

Multilocular Cyst in Cow Liver

Multilocular Cyst in Horse Liver: 

Multilocular Cyst in Horse Liver

Multilocular Cyst in Vertebra: 

Multilocular Cyst in Vertebra

Diagnosis: 

Diagnosis Definitive host (dog) Purgative & search for small adult worms Ova in fecal exam. Intermediate Host (Various Hosts) Serology Radiographs CDC has ELISA to distinguish between the two species.

Purgative: 

Purgative

Ovum: 

Ovum

Treatment: 

Treatment Definitive Host (Dog) Praziquantel Intermediate Host (Sheep and other hosts) Aggressive treatments with Mebendazole or Albendazole

Control: 

Control Restrict canine access to ruminant pastures. Do not feed canids uncooked offal Regular deworming of dog Eliminate stray or wild canids

Zoonosis: 

Zoonosis Very Important Zoonotic Potential Humans infected by ingestion of Echinococcus ova. Unilocular or Multilocular cysts in various organs, including liver, lungs, brain.

Hydatid Disease: 

Hydatid Disease

Hydatid Disease: 

Hydatid Disease

In-class questions: 

In-class questions Which tapeworms (studied so far) are of 1. Companion animal concern 2. Economic concern 3. Human Health concern