Larrimore Gypsum for Crop Production on Southeaste

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By: jmf335 (21 month(s) ago)

This is a good way to recycle plaster moulds.

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Use of Gypsum for Crop Production on Southeastern Soils: 

Use of Gypsum for Crop Production on Southeastern Soils Malcolm E. Sumner Consultant Lamar Larrimore Principal Research Engineer Southern Company Services, Inc September 12, 2006

Proven Effects of Gypsum on Soils: 

Proven Effects of Gypsum on Soils

Available Calcium for Peanuts: 

Ca for pod development must enter pod directly Available Calcium for Peanuts Increases: Available calcium (soluble) Peanut pod calcium

Reduction of Subsoil Acidity: 

Crop Reduction of Subsoil Acidity Increases subsoil calcium Reduces subsoil aluminum (toxic) Allows roots to penetrate subsoils Increases potentially available water

Effect of Gypsum Addition on Root Growth at East Lake Golf Club: 

Control Gypsum Treatment Effect of Gypsum Addition on Root Growth at East Lake Golf Club Gypsum treatment = 4 tons/acre, April 11, 2005 Samples collected May 19, 2006

Southeastern Soils: 

Southeastern Soils Naturally acidic Low basic cation (Ca, Mg, K) status Very acid subsoils often with toxic levels of Al3+ Sandy to clay loams in texture

Slide7: 

Southern Company Gypsum Agricultural Demonstration Sites

Gypsum Stack at Plant Yates: 

Gypsum Stack at Plant Yates

Gypsum Stockpile at Yates: 

Gypsum Stockpile at Yates

Gypsum Loading: 

Gypsum Loading

Gypsum Spreading at East Lake GC: 

Gypsum Spreading at East Lake GC

Crops Investigated: 

Crops Investigated Peanuts Alfalfa Cotton Pastures and Turf Tomatoes Cantaloupes Sweet corn

Slide13: 

Peanuts

Effect of Gypsum on Soil Tests, Peanut Yield, Quality & Value - Florida: 

Effect of Gypsum on Soil Tests, Peanut Yield, Quality & Value - Florida

Effect of Gypsum on Soil Tests, Peanut Yield, Quality & Value - Mississippi: 

Effect of Gypsum on Soil Tests, Peanut Yield, Quality & Value - Mississippi

Effect of Gypsum on Soil Tests, Peanut Yield, Quality & Value - Georgia: 

Effect of Gypsum on Soil Tests, Peanut Yield, Quality & Value - Georgia

Effect of Gypsum on Peanut Yield, Quality & Value - Alabama: 

Effect of Gypsum on Peanut Yield, Quality & Value - Alabama

Overall Response of Peanuts to Gypsum: 

Overall Response of Peanuts to Gypsum

Results: 

Results Gypsum Increases soil calcium Increases peanut yield Increases peanut quality Increases profits

Slide20: 

Alfalfa

Effect of Gypsum on Exchangeable Al and Ca in the Soil Profile: 

Effect of Gypsum on Exchangeable Al and Ca in the Soil Profile

Effect of Gypsum on Exchangeable Al: 

Control Gypsum Treatment Effect of Gypsum on Exchangeable Al

Effect of Gypsum on Exchangeable Ca: 

Effect of Gypsum on Exchangeable Ca Control Gypsum Treatment

Effect of Gypsum on Alfalfa Yield & Composition - Georgia: 

Effect of Gypsum on Alfalfa Yield & Composition - Georgia * significant at P = 0.05

Effect of Gypsum on Soil Moisture - Georgia: 

Effect of Gypsum on Soil Moisture - Georgia Control Gypsum Treatment Gypsum extracted more water at depth

Alfalfa Feed Quality - Georgia: 

Alfalfa Feed Quality - Georgia

Results: 

Results Gypsum Increases calcium in soil profile Reduces toxic aluminum in soil profile Improves water extraction from lower profile Increases alfalfa yield Increases alfalfa quality Higher protein & digestible nutrients Less fiber and lignin

Slide28: 

Cotton

Effect of Gypsum on Cotton Root Development - Mississippi: 

Contorted tap roots due to Al toxicity Straight tap roots in absence of Al Effect of Gypsum on Cotton Root Development - Mississippi

Effect of Gypsum on Cotton Yield & Quality - Mississippi: 

Effect of Gypsum on Cotton Yield & Quality - Mississippi

Effect of Gypsum on Cotton Yield & Value - Georgia: 

Effect of Gypsum on Cotton Yield & Value - Georgia Lint Cotton Yield (kg/ha)

Results: 

Results Gypsum Reduces subsoil Al and increases subsoil Ca Improves root penetration into subsoil Increases cotton yield Increases cotton quality

Slide33: 

Pastures

Effect of Gypsum on Bermuda Hay Yield & Ca Content - Georgia: 

Effect of Gypsum on Bermuda Hay Yield & Ca Content - Georgia Treatment Control 4.4 T/acre Hay Yield lb/acre May 2005 1136a 1549b Sept 2005 402a 737b Sept 2005 0.6a 0.75b Ca Content % Gypsum

Effect of Gypsum on Bermuda Root Growth - Georgia: 

Effect of Gypsum on Bermuda Root Growth - Georgia Control Gypsum Treatment

Bermuda Root Comparisons: 

Bermuda Root Comparisons

Slide37: 

Tomatoes

Effect of Gypsum on Soil Tests, Tomato Yield & Value - Mississippi: 

Effect of Gypsum on Soil Tests, Tomato Yield & Value - Mississippi

Effect of Gypsum on Shelf Life of Tomatoes (Stored at Room Temperature for 2 Weeks - Mississippi): 

Effect of Gypsum on Shelf Life of Tomatoes (Stored at Room Temperature for 2 Weeks - Mississippi)

Effect of Gypsum on Tomato Yield & Ca Content - Alabama: 

Effect of Gypsum on Tomato Yield & Ca Content - Alabama

Effect of Gypsum on Shelf Life of Tomatoes: 

Control Gypsum Effect of Gypsum on Shelf Life of Tomatoes Blemishes on fruit after 4 weeks storage @ 40°F Unblemished fruit after 4 weeks storage @ 40°F

Results: 

Results Gypsum Increases tomato yield Increases skin Ca content Increases shelf life

Cantaloupes: 

Cantaloupes

Effect of Gypsum on Soil Tests, Cantaloupe Yield & Ca Content - Georgia: 

Effect of Gypsum on Soil Tests, Cantaloupe Yield & Ca Content - Georgia

Slide46: 

Cantaloupes stored at 40°F for 4 weeks No Gypsum 1100 lb Gypsum/ac

Results: 

Results Gypsum Increases cantaloupe vine growth Increases fruit yield Increases skin Ca content Increases shelf life

Slide48: 

Sweetcorn

Slide49: 

No gypsum Gypsum

Results: 

Results Visual improvement due to gypsum Drought killed crop before harvest