abrikosov

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Slide1: 

Winter Alpine Physics Alexey Abrikosov, jr. Institute of Theoretical and Experimental Physics, Moscow, Russia Andrei Varlamov COHERENTIA, CNR-INFM, Rome, Italy

Speed scales: 

0 50 100 150 200 250 km/h Speed scales

Speed skiing: 

Monte Rosa glacier under Matterhorn; Maximum gradient — 62° Speed skiing

Speed skiing tracks: 

Speed skiing tracks

Free Fall: 

Free fall from 1000 m Free Fall

Wind tunnel: 

Wind tunnel

Physical factors in speed skiing: 

Gravity and angle Air drag Friction Physical factors in speed skiing

Bobsleigh & Luge: 

The sport of bobsleigh began at the end of 19th century when the Swiss attached a steering mechanism to a toboggan. In 1897, the world's first bobsleigh club was founded in St. Moritz, Switzerland. Eugenio Monti (Italy) won 11 world championships (1957–1968 ); Bobsleigh & Luge

Track and speed: 

Track and speed

Addends of victory : 

Addends of victory Push Ride Win!

Centripetal versus centrifugal: 

Centripetal versus centrifugal

Physical factors in bobsleigh: 

Initial impulse Gravity Air drag Friction Optimal trajectory Physical factors in bobsleigh

Slide14: 

Luge speed record 139.4 km/h Tony Benshoof

The problem of optimal trajectory: 

The problem of optimal trajectory What is the fastest way from A to B? Is the straight way faster?

Brachistochrone: 

Brachistochrone What is the path of quickest descent from A to B? The minimal time problem

Other minimum principles: 

Other minimum principles Brachistochrone — minimal time problem

Cycloid: 

Cycloid Johann Bernoulli, 1697

Alpine Skiing: 

Alpine Skiing

Special Slalom: 

Special Slalom

History of skiing: 

History of skiing Cave drawing from Eastern Russia. (between 7000 and 5000 B.C.)

Telemark skis.: 

Telemark skis. New skis were shorter (about 2 m 40 cm) than other skis used at that time. Sondre Norheim (Telemark County, Norway, XIX century)

Fridtjof Nansen: 

Fridtjof Nansen Norwegian arctic explorer, zoologist and statesman; Nobel Peace Prize 1922. 12 times national champion in skiing; World record for one-mile skating. 1890 — book On Skis Over Greenland The first to cross the mid-Greenland ice cap on skis (1888).

Nansen Gallery: 

Nansen Gallery

Telemark turn: 

Telemark turn

Basics of alpine skiing: 

Basics of alpine skiing

Ski robots: 

Ski robots

Skidding: 

Skidding Work against friction A is proportional to swept area S

Carving revolution of 1990-ies: 

Carving revolution of 1990-ies

Optimal trajectory: 

Optimal trajectory

With and without friction: 

With and without friction

Swing and parametric resonace: 

Swing and parametric resonace

Carving and acceleration: 

Carving and acceleration

Center of mass in motion : 

Center of mass in motion

Cross-country versus Alpine: 

Cross-country versus Alpine Cross country Alpine

Acceleration: 

Acceleration

What it looks like: 

What it looks like Ivica Kostelic, World Champion in slalom, 2003

Altitude loss and speed gain: 

Altitude loss and speed gain

Speed control : 

Speed control Passive — skidding and carving; Active — flexion–extension.

Energy pumping: 

Energy pumping –

Physical factors in alpine skiing: 

Physical factors in alpine skiing Gravity Air drag (downhill, GS, SuperG) Friction (skidding and carving) Optimal trajectory (slalom) Flexion-extension (slalom, GS)

Gallery of Alpine Glory - I: 

Gallery of Alpine Glory - I

Gallery of Alpine Glory - II: 

Gallery of Alpine Glory - II

Gallery of Alpine Glory - III: 

Gallery of Alpine Glory - III

Acknowledgements: 

Acknowledgements Yuriy Preobrajenskiy

Slide46: 

Skiing is not the bliss but a perfect substitute