Development and Energy in Africa (DEA) project A CASE STUDY FOR BotswanaRURAL ELECTRIFICATION BY GRID ELECTRIFICATION (REGE): Development and Energy in Africa (DEA) project A CASE STUDY FOR Botswana RURAL ELECTRIFICATION BY GRID ELECTRIFICATION (REGE) Peter P. Zhou, Ph.D EECG Consultants Pty Ltd Box 402339, Gaborone, Botswana pzhou@global.bw


OUTLINE: OUTLINE ABOUT THE CASE STUDY ABOUT THE STUDY AREA CASE STUDY SURVEY METHODS FINDINGS AND LINK TO DEVELOPMENT LESSONS LEARNT


Slide3: Table 2 .1Evolutions of the RCS  


Slide4: Fig 2.1 Rate of household connections by year for rural and urban households.


Slide5:                           Fig. 2.2 Graph of electricity connection in rural and urban areas 2


Slide7: Fig 2.4 Elaborated causal chain of the RCS/RE and related sectors in Botswana.    


STUDY AREA SELECTION CRITERIA: STUDY AREA SELECTION CRITERIA a) Proximity to Gaborone (<100km)-time and resources Constraints; Allow repeated visits to undertake both interviews and focus groups, and also verify information. b) Many sectors to consider-health, education, agriculture, communications, SMMEs etc). c) Connected 5 years or more for impacts realization d) Other such as social setting and influence of past initiatives and environment, leadership etc.


MANYANA: MANYANA Small Vilage of 3183 Population (640 Households) Infrastructure Developed Previous Candidate of PV Pilot Project 1992; 3 Village Feasibility Study 1996 Grid Approach 1994


Slide10: Table 3.1 Types of sectors and level of electrification in Manyana Village  


REGE SITUATION: REGE SITUATION


Slide12: METHDOLOGY ACOMBINATION- SEMI STRUCTURED INTERVIEWS WITH SECTORAL REPRESENTATIVES, INFORMAL INTERVIEWS WITH VILLAGE DEVELOPMENT COMMITTEE, TRADITIONAL AUTHORITY; FOCUS GROUPS  STATISTICAL RECORDS OBSERVATIONS


IMPACT ANALYSIS-Domestic: IMPACT ANALYSIS-Domestic Unelectrified, Electrified, Electrified With Dish –Income Definition Electrical Refrigeration, TV, satelite dishes, cellular phones now used! Food preservation and information flow Reduced effort in carrying out household chores-cooking, cleaning Village boasting of having graduates Access to shops for longer times Children watching TV instead of studying & also learn bad things Electrical Appliances attract thieves! Invitation To Other Govt Offices, INDUTRIES, MALLS Establishing In Vilage Is Calling For Multisectoral Approach


IMPACTS-education: IMPACTS-education Improved quality of teaching using computers, internet and good lighting Staff -staying for longer In Primary students using electrified classrooms performing better Students not taking full advantage of teach facilities now available-chn need encouragement from Primary


IMPACTS-health: IMPACTS-health Better health treatment facilities through Electrified maternity ward and night emergency attended New treatment facilities and drugs-Patients -used to travel to other villages for certain treatment New treatment facilities-asthma, incubators Attracted staff to village Electric incinerator for clinical waste Informed community about harmful diseases People in village healthier-productive


IMPACTS-Commercial: IMPACTS -Commercial Business stock volumes increased-storage and quality New products introduced-as a result of refrigeration-MEAT, SOFT DRINKS Time of operation increased Increased employment *create employment, increased income and general development of village Competition- as similar stocks Loss of some types of jobs- night watchman Shops target for thieves


IMPACTS-Industry: IMPACTS-Industry WELDING AND SEWING STARTED Need electricity to function-hence electricity dependent Products that help residents- burglar bars and gates Increased employment Provision of services locally


IMPACTS-Institutional: IMPACTS-Institutional Higher std of service-cases, letters & faxed typed quickly Would wish all tribal offices could be electrified for better service. Rural –urban migration curbed


FOCUS GROUP: FOCUS GROUP Grid better than PV they experienced- as latter was not available in all weather; not usable for other appliances Grid electricity many end uses & communication-cell phones now available Has spared the forest for fuelwood Electricity better student performance Small businesses starting from homes-income improvement Industries starting- products & security Believe if electricity was subsidized it would better lives of Batswana.


CONCLUSIONS: CONCLUSIONS RCS achieving many connections Baseline and intervention scenarios have been well represented Utilization of electricity for various end uses evident Improved quality of life evident Boosting of business activity evident Positive Linkages of impacts to MDGs, Vision 2016 and NDP9 evident


LESSONS: LESSONS The Assessment Framework could contribute to energy planning and policy development Involvement of sectoral stakeholders in planning and M&E imperative Formation of Multisectoral Task Group imperative Additional case studies would be useful Experience of other DEA partners useful.


Slide22: “The poor are bankable, micro insurance is showing that they are insurable as well."