MYCO PRABU

EFFECT OF MYCOTOXINS ON EGG PRODUCTION : 

EFFECT OF MYCOTOXINS ON EGG PRODUCTION K.M.PRABAKARAN BVN 05034 Fifth year , VC&RI, NAMAKKAL

INTRODUCTION : 

INTRODUCTION Poultry industry is rapidly growing industry in the world. Poultry eggs are highly nutritive and the cheapest source of high quality protein. But several constraints like rising feed costs increased susceptibility to stress and mycotoxicoses. Mycotoxins lower the profitability in poultry industry due to reduced egg production.

Mycotoxins : 

Mycotoxins These are low molecular weight natural products produced by secondary metabolites of filamentous fungi. There are over 300 to 500 mycotoxins. Mycotoxicoses is infection produced by mycotoxins.

Classification of Mycotoxins : 

Classification of Mycotoxins Hepatotoxins Nephrotoxins Neurotoxins Immunotosins

Source : 

Source Occur most commonly in grains damaged by insects. High moisture grains, sweating of feed ingredients, defective feed bins. Feed spilling in the damp litter Mycotoxin affect fed quality by utilizing nutrients in the feed.

Epidemiology of mycotoxicoses : 

Epidemiology of mycotoxicoses Occur in rainy season particularly in June and July, October to January High humidity (68 to 79 %) and low temperature 19 to 27 *c Moisture feed

Important Mycotoxins in poultry : 

Important Mycotoxins in poultry Afalatoxin Ocharatosin Zearalenone citrinin

Aflatoxin : 

Aflatoxin Most important group of mycotoxin Mainly produced by Aspergillus flavus and Aspergillus parasiticus Primarily hepatotoxic and secondarily nephrotoxic They are B1 B2, G1 and G2

Pathogenic effect : 

Pathogenic effect Affect the liver function and reduce synthesis of yolk lipids and albumen Egg size , weight, yolk weight, total egg size are reduced Loss of hatchability due to embryonic death

Ocharotoxin : 

Ocharotoxin Mainly produce by Aspergillus ochareus and Penicllium verrugosum. Primarily nephrotoxic and secondarily hepatotoxic Nephrotoxic potency 3 times than aflatoxin.

Pathogenic effect : 

Pathogenic effect Acharotoxin A affects carbohydrate metabolism Reduced egg production Characteristic yellow brown staining of egg shells due to deposits of urates in the cloaca.

Zearalenone : 

Zearalenone Important group of trichothecene group of mycotoxin Produced by Fusarium roseum Causes a cystic changes in the oviduct attributed to estrogenic effects in layer birds. Shows reduced egg production

Clinical signs : 

Clinical signs Poor weight gain and low FCR Low egg production Poor egg shell quality Reduced hatchability Leg weakness Immunosuppression mortality

Diagnosis : 

Diagnosis Based on the, Clinical signs History of feeding Feed analysis Gas chromatography

Treatment : 

Treatment Avoid feeding of mycotoxin contaminated feeds to birds Increase dietary protein level Antibiotic therapy to control further infection Vitamins and amino acids in feed Give liver protective agents

Prevention and control : 

Prevention and control Mycotoxicoses an unavoidable and its complex problem Need multifactorial approach to control Prevention of toxic production – by hygeinic productionand proceessing of feed Detoxification – to destroy or inactivate the mycotoxin Mold inhibition by useful fungi and organic acids like propionic acid

Control : 

Control Chemical methods Adsorption of toxins by toxin binder HDCAS – hydrated sodium calciumaluminosalicilates PVP – polyvinylpolypyrrolidone MOS – mannanoligosaccharide Preventing the absorptionby probiotics and antioxidant substances like selenium and VIt.E, crude proteins and lipids

Conclusion : 

Conclusion Mycotoxins are ubiquitous in nature Significant adverse effect on economy of egg production Due to decreased in egg production, egg weight, egg shell quality Physical and chemical methods are not valuable Biological methods or dietary strategies like use of food components and additives, and toxin binding agents.

Slide 19: 

Thank you