logging in or signing up Ground Water Pollution PPPRAT Download Post to : URL : Related Presentations : Share Add to Flag Embed Email Send to Blogs and Networks Add to Channel Uploaded from authorPOINT lite Insert YouTube videos in PowerPont slides with aS Desktop Copy embed code: (To copy code, click on the text box) Embed: URL: Thumbnail: WordPress Embed Customize Embed The presentation is successfully added In Your Favorites. Views: 1169 Category: Science & Tech.. License: All Rights Reserved Like it (2) Dislike it (0) Added: August 26, 2010 This Presentation is Public Favorites: 0 Presentation Description No description available. Comments Posting comment... By: tghghfhff (8 month(s) ago) thanks dear Saving..... Post Reply Close By: PPPRAT (8 month(s) ago) You are Always Welcome... :) Saving..... Edit Comment Close By: imran_714 (14 month(s) ago) good Saving..... Post Reply Close Saving..... Edit Comment Close By: cocacola1990 (15 month(s) ago) please send this slide to me Saving..... Post Reply Close Saving..... Edit Comment Close Premium member Presentation Transcript Slide 1: Remediation Technologies for Groundwater Pollution By Mr. Pratik ButtePatil 1852/07 Final Year B.Tech Slide 2: What is groundwater pollution? Groundwater is all water below ground in the saturation . Saturation zone is commonly referred to as an aquifer Occurs when substances such as waste products change the biological and/or chemical properties of water and quality is degraded Examples of pollutants of groundwater can include viruses, bacteria, herbicides, pesticides, heavy metals, and hydrocarbons Water that enters an aquifer remains there for an average of 1,400 years. Groundwater is extremely deep within the ground, making it expensive to clean up. Groundwater can move great distances in unseen aquifers, thereby easily spreading pollution Slide 3: Common sources of groundwater pollution Septic systems Small disposal pits House and garden chemicals Deicing salts Landfills Underground storage tanks (i.e. of gasoline at gas pumps) Fertilizers, pesticides, herbicides Transport and transfer spills Pipelines Animal lots Urban runoff Inactive mining sites Construction Excavation Slide 4: Dig: Sources of groundwater pollution Slide 6: Underground storage tanks (i.e. of gasoline at gas pumps) Slide 7: Treatment Methods for Groundwater Pollution “Pump and Treat” In this process, contaminated groundwater is pumped to Earth’s surface and treated to destroy or remove the contaminant, then returned to aquifer upstream of original location Method used for over 20 years and much experience has been gained over this time Pros: easy-to-control process, moderate investment costs, commercially available equipment, clear-physico chemical principles apply Cons: long operation time for proper remediation, & therefore represents a long-term cost; all contaminants still might not be removed Ref: http://www.perebar.bam.de/PereOpen/pdfFiles/g poll-sci-report.pdf Slide 8: “Pump and Treat” method, cont’ed “Pump and Treat” processes/reactions: Precipitation Oxidation/reduction Adsorption Distillation Ion exchange Gravitational separation Biological degradation UV/ozone treatment Flotation Slide 9: Treatment Methods for Groundwater Pollution In Situ Groundwater Remediation (ISGR) In situ means “in the original or natural place or site”- therefore refers to water treatment in the subsurface ISGR does not involve pumping the groundwater above the surface; water remains within well/aquifer at all times and never penetrates the ground surface Accomplishes treatment within the well, releases treated water to aquifer to recirculate and bring more contaminants to treatment well Slide 10: ISGR Approach, Cont’ed Prossess: less invasive than “pump and treat”, Uses technology complementary to the natural environment, Much quicker clean-up times and cleanup levels that are a lot more acceptable, In general more cost efficient than “pump and treat” (less expensive to install and cheaper to operate), Physically silent in operation, lower energy consumption, more targeted remediation Cons: Still not researched as fully as possible, and many improvements need to be made (relatively new technologies) Slide 11: Physical/Chemical ISGR Treatments Permeable Reactive Barrier (PRB) Reactive material-filled trench downstream of contaminant source allows contaminated groundwater to slowly pass through. Contaminants in groundwater either : Fix to the reactive material or Removed from the water in permeable barriers and decomposed to less dangerous compounds or precipitated Uses physical, chemical, and biological methods Slide 12: Biological ISGR Treatment Intrinsic Bioremediation Non-enhanced, natural microbial degradation of organic contaminants into less toxic compounds by anaerobic or aerobic processes But not very widely used—scientists must come to understand certain microbial mechanisms to provide best bioremediation process possible Disadvantage: Initial decrease in contaminant may only be temporary and therefore increase with time Slide 13: Biological In Situ Ground Remediation Phytoremediation Rhizofiltration: absorption, concentration, precipitation of heavy metals by plant roots Phytoextraction: extraction/accumulation of contaminants in harvestable plant tissues (i.e. shoots or roots of plants) Phyotransformation: degradation of complex organic molecules to simpler ones Phytostimulation: stimulation of microbial & fungal degradation by release of enzymes into root zone Phytostabilization: absorption & precipitation of contaminants (mainly metals) by plants Slide 14: Electrokinetic ISGR Electrokinetics Direct, low intensity electric current applied across electrode pairs on either side of contaminated area underground Causes electro-osmosis and ion migration of contaminants depending on charge of respective electrodes Applicable to wide range of inorganic and organic contaminants Sewage Treatment : Sewage Treatment Primary Screens and settling tanks remove grit & suspended organic matter. Secondary Sewage aerated; aerobic bacteria consume organic matter Leave dissolved inorganics, NO3, PO4, etc. Tertiary Filters most dissolved inorganics and remaining dissolved organic compounds Sewage Treatment : Primary : Sewage Treatment : Primary Sewage Treatment: Secondary : Sewage Treatment: Secondary Sewage Treatment: Tertiary : Sewage Treatment: Tertiary 1) Filters most dissolved inorganics and remaining dissolved organic compounds 2) Can be done biologically in wetlands Natural Artificial Slide 19: Conclusion Over past twenty years, most remediation involved “pump and treat” systems. This type of system is expensive to operate and requires many years to reduce contamination, More and more, we look to in situ ground remediation (ISGR) methods, which provide a better solution, but still requires incremental improvements as time goes on. Slide 20: References Jin Y, Chiu P. (2007) New technology removes viruses from water; 2007. http://www.terradaily. com/reports/New_Technology_Removes_Viruses_From_Drinking_Water_999.html (Accessed April 29, 2007). Juillot, F., Ildefonse, P. H., Morin, G., Calas, G., de Kersabiec, A. M. and Benedetti, M., (1999) Remobilization of arsenic from buried wastes at an industrial site: mineralogical and geochemical control. Appl. Geochem., 14:1031–1048. SM 3113(1999) Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater. Metals by electrothermal atomic absorption spectrometry. Smith AH, Lingas EO, Rahman M. (2000)Contamination of drinking water by arsenic in Bangladesh: a public health emergency. Bull W H O;78(9):1093–103. Slide 21: Avoid Ground Water Pollution : Save Our Earth Thank You ! You do not have the permission to view this presentation. In order to view it, please contact the author of the presentation.
Ground Water Pollution PPPRAT Download Post to : URL : Related Presentations : Share Add to Flag Embed Email Send to Blogs and Networks Add to Channel Uploaded from authorPOINT lite Insert YouTube videos in PowerPont slides with aS Desktop Copy embed code: (To copy code, click on the text box) Embed: URL: Thumbnail: WordPress Embed Customize Embed The presentation is successfully added In Your Favorites. Views: 1169 Category: Science & Tech.. License: All Rights Reserved Like it (2) Dislike it (0) Added: August 26, 2010 This Presentation is Public Favorites: 0 Presentation Description No description available. Comments Posting comment... By: tghghfhff (8 month(s) ago) thanks dear Saving..... Post Reply Close By: PPPRAT (8 month(s) ago) You are Always Welcome... :) Saving..... Edit Comment Close By: imran_714 (14 month(s) ago) good Saving..... Post Reply Close Saving..... Edit Comment Close By: cocacola1990 (15 month(s) ago) please send this slide to me Saving..... Post Reply Close Saving..... Edit Comment Close Premium member Presentation Transcript Slide 1: Remediation Technologies for Groundwater Pollution By Mr. Pratik ButtePatil 1852/07 Final Year B.Tech Slide 2: What is groundwater pollution? Groundwater is all water below ground in the saturation . Saturation zone is commonly referred to as an aquifer Occurs when substances such as waste products change the biological and/or chemical properties of water and quality is degraded Examples of pollutants of groundwater can include viruses, bacteria, herbicides, pesticides, heavy metals, and hydrocarbons Water that enters an aquifer remains there for an average of 1,400 years. Groundwater is extremely deep within the ground, making it expensive to clean up. Groundwater can move great distances in unseen aquifers, thereby easily spreading pollution Slide 3: Common sources of groundwater pollution Septic systems Small disposal pits House and garden chemicals Deicing salts Landfills Underground storage tanks (i.e. of gasoline at gas pumps) Fertilizers, pesticides, herbicides Transport and transfer spills Pipelines Animal lots Urban runoff Inactive mining sites Construction Excavation Slide 4: Dig: Sources of groundwater pollution Slide 6: Underground storage tanks (i.e. of gasoline at gas pumps) Slide 7: Treatment Methods for Groundwater Pollution “Pump and Treat” In this process, contaminated groundwater is pumped to Earth’s surface and treated to destroy or remove the contaminant, then returned to aquifer upstream of original location Method used for over 20 years and much experience has been gained over this time Pros: easy-to-control process, moderate investment costs, commercially available equipment, clear-physico chemical principles apply Cons: long operation time for proper remediation, & therefore represents a long-term cost; all contaminants still might not be removed Ref: http://www.perebar.bam.de/PereOpen/pdfFiles/g poll-sci-report.pdf Slide 8: “Pump and Treat” method, cont’ed “Pump and Treat” processes/reactions: Precipitation Oxidation/reduction Adsorption Distillation Ion exchange Gravitational separation Biological degradation UV/ozone treatment Flotation Slide 9: Treatment Methods for Groundwater Pollution In Situ Groundwater Remediation (ISGR) In situ means “in the original or natural place or site”- therefore refers to water treatment in the subsurface ISGR does not involve pumping the groundwater above the surface; water remains within well/aquifer at all times and never penetrates the ground surface Accomplishes treatment within the well, releases treated water to aquifer to recirculate and bring more contaminants to treatment well Slide 10: ISGR Approach, Cont’ed Prossess: less invasive than “pump and treat”, Uses technology complementary to the natural environment, Much quicker clean-up times and cleanup levels that are a lot more acceptable, In general more cost efficient than “pump and treat” (less expensive to install and cheaper to operate), Physically silent in operation, lower energy consumption, more targeted remediation Cons: Still not researched as fully as possible, and many improvements need to be made (relatively new technologies) Slide 11: Physical/Chemical ISGR Treatments Permeable Reactive Barrier (PRB) Reactive material-filled trench downstream of contaminant source allows contaminated groundwater to slowly pass through. Contaminants in groundwater either : Fix to the reactive material or Removed from the water in permeable barriers and decomposed to less dangerous compounds or precipitated Uses physical, chemical, and biological methods Slide 12: Biological ISGR Treatment Intrinsic Bioremediation Non-enhanced, natural microbial degradation of organic contaminants into less toxic compounds by anaerobic or aerobic processes But not very widely used—scientists must come to understand certain microbial mechanisms to provide best bioremediation process possible Disadvantage: Initial decrease in contaminant may only be temporary and therefore increase with time Slide 13: Biological In Situ Ground Remediation Phytoremediation Rhizofiltration: absorption, concentration, precipitation of heavy metals by plant roots Phytoextraction: extraction/accumulation of contaminants in harvestable plant tissues (i.e. shoots or roots of plants) Phyotransformation: degradation of complex organic molecules to simpler ones Phytostimulation: stimulation of microbial & fungal degradation by release of enzymes into root zone Phytostabilization: absorption & precipitation of contaminants (mainly metals) by plants Slide 14: Electrokinetic ISGR Electrokinetics Direct, low intensity electric current applied across electrode pairs on either side of contaminated area underground Causes electro-osmosis and ion migration of contaminants depending on charge of respective electrodes Applicable to wide range of inorganic and organic contaminants Sewage Treatment : Sewage Treatment Primary Screens and settling tanks remove grit & suspended organic matter. Secondary Sewage aerated; aerobic bacteria consume organic matter Leave dissolved inorganics, NO3, PO4, etc. Tertiary Filters most dissolved inorganics and remaining dissolved organic compounds Sewage Treatment : Primary : Sewage Treatment : Primary Sewage Treatment: Secondary : Sewage Treatment: Secondary Sewage Treatment: Tertiary : Sewage Treatment: Tertiary 1) Filters most dissolved inorganics and remaining dissolved organic compounds 2) Can be done biologically in wetlands Natural Artificial Slide 19: Conclusion Over past twenty years, most remediation involved “pump and treat” systems. This type of system is expensive to operate and requires many years to reduce contamination, More and more, we look to in situ ground remediation (ISGR) methods, which provide a better solution, but still requires incremental improvements as time goes on. Slide 20: References Jin Y, Chiu P. (2007) New technology removes viruses from water; 2007. http://www.terradaily. com/reports/New_Technology_Removes_Viruses_From_Drinking_Water_999.html (Accessed April 29, 2007). Juillot, F., Ildefonse, P. H., Morin, G., Calas, G., de Kersabiec, A. M. and Benedetti, M., (1999) Remobilization of arsenic from buried wastes at an industrial site: mineralogical and geochemical control. Appl. Geochem., 14:1031–1048. SM 3113(1999) Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater. Metals by electrothermal atomic absorption spectrometry. Smith AH, Lingas EO, Rahman M. (2000)Contamination of drinking water by arsenic in Bangladesh: a public health emergency. Bull W H O;78(9):1093–103. Slide 21: Avoid Ground Water Pollution : Save Our Earth Thank You !