dryland

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ENHANCING SUSTAINABILITY OF DRY LAND RAINFED FARMING SYSTEMS MINISTRY OF AGRICULTURE DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE & COOPERATION CROPS DIVISION

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Net Cultivated Area : 141 m ha Irrigated Area : 56 m ha (40%) Rainfed/Dryland Area : 85 m ha (60%) INDIAN AGRICULTURE SCENARIO

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RAINFED FARMING AREA IN INDIA – (85 m ha) (68.5 m ha fully rainfed & 18.0 m ha partial rainfed)

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IMPORTANCE OF STRENGTHENING DRY LAND FARMING 60% of cultivated area - about 85 million ha Contributes approx. 40% of total food production Native to many nutritious crops (Dicoccum wheat, ragi, pearl millet, pulses, oilseeds, fruits, etc.) Successive years of deficient rainfall No. of farm holdings affected 54.6 m

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SOCIO-ECONOMIC IMPACT OF NO INTERVENTION Loss of crop Reduced productivity and loss of income Loss of wages to labourers & unemployment Increased drought relief Migration of farm labourers and farmers High indebtedness and debt trap for farming community Migration and loss of animal/ livestock

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Need to re-invent country’s monsoon agriculture through change in policy & approach Target dry land areas for diversification- livestock, horticulture, silviculture, grassland, fodder in keeping with natural resource availability Improve in-situ moisture conservation through ground water recharge Adopt dry land farming approach- raised bed, ridge furrow, zero tillage, mulching Integrate with multiple watershed development programmes of other agencies/Ministries What to do ?

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Ministry of Rural Development (DPAP, DDP, IWDP) Ministry of Environment & Forests (IAEPS) Ministry of Agriculture (NWDPRA, RVP,FPR, WDPSCA) Planning Commission (Western Ghat and Hill Area Development) NABARD (WDF) UNDER IMPLEMENTATION -WATERSHED DEVELOPMENT PROGRAMMES OF

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SO IS THE PROPOSED DRYLAND FARMING SCHEME A DUPLICATION? No Targets individual farm holdings instead of watershed area A multilayered response to monsoon failure / water deficiency Watershed development along with farm improvement, address trio concerns of ecosystem, farming-livestock systems and livelihood especially for landless. Stand alone water bodies can not achieve desired result. Must be combined with appropriate technological support These include water management, in-situ water conservation, on-farm generation of organic manure, alternate land use, cropping system and diversification into agri-horti-livestock.

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PROJECT COMPONENT - On farm rain water management Development of farm ponds Well recharging In-situ moisture conservation Promotion of conservation tillage techniques - Bed planting Inter row/ plough water harvesting managemen To integrate with other on-going projects of different Ministries/Agencies

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AREA OF OPERATION CRITERIA FOR INCLUSION Less than 750 mm rainfall less than 30% coverage under assured irrigation, e.g. Like States of Maharashtra, Gujarat, MP., A.P., Karnataka, Rajasthan, Tamilnadu Farm holdings in rainshadow and drought prone areas

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Ministry of Agriculture DRDA State Agriculture Department Tech support ICAR, CRIDA, CAZRI Tech support SAUs, Local ICAR Institutes Panchayat Farmer DELIVERY MECHANISM District KVK/ KGK TECHNOLOGY FUNDS

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SHARING OF SYSTEM COST Average cost per hectare may range from Rs. 33000 to Rs. 50000 Proposed financial assistance to farmers- 50% of unit cost proposed sharing of system cost - 50% by GOI - 50% by farmers through own resources or loan from bank

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EXPECTED OUTCOME / IMPACT Stabilize / enhance production in dry land areas Assure income to individual farm families Insulate poor and marginal farmers from weather vagaries Restore ecological balance of natural resources Increase biodiversity at farm level

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COVERAGE UNDER THE PROJECT ( Rs. in crores) Component 2005-06 2006-07 ( i) In situ moisture conservation/ 565 745 utilization (ii) On-farm production & use of organic 45 60 matter (iii) Alternate land use/composite farming 180 240 system (iv) Capacity building and extension 90 120 Others (monitoring& evaluation) 45 60 Total 925 1225 Note: Average holding : 2 ha No. of holdings : 1.8 to 2.8 lakh Per holding Government support : Rs. 33000 to 50000

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PROPOSED FINANCIAL OUTLAY (Rs. in crores)

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Thank you